Plasma‐Assisted Conversion of<scp>CO<sub>2</sub></scp>

Rouwenhorst, Kevin Hendrik Reindert; Rooij, G.J. van; Lefferts, Leon

doi:10.1002/9783527346523.ch18

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…A possible solution could be integration of plasma catalysis with separation of products as reported recently. [45] Clearly, dynamic behavior and inhomogeneity in the plasma remain to be challenges, hoping that plasma chemistry science can provide answers. These processes proceed in streamers and afterglows in a dynamical way, determining the local conditions and energy efficiency.…”

Section: Scientific Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Leveraging Expertise in Thermal Catalysis to Understand Plasma Catalysis

Lefferts

2024

Angew Chem Int Ed

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Best practices in testing heterogeneous catalysts are translated to plasma‐catalytic experiments. Independent determination of plasma‐catalytic and plasma‐chemical contributions is essential. Non‐porous catalyst particles are preferred because active sites inside sub‐micron pores cannot contribute. Temperature variation is needed to determine kinetics, despite the complexity of thermal effects in plasma. Rigorous checks on catalyst deactivation and mass balance are needed. Plasma enhanced reversed reactions should be minimized by keeping conversion low and far from thermodynamic equilibrium, preventing underestimation of the rate of forward reaction. In contrast, plasma‐catalytic studies often aim at conversions surpassing thermodynamic equilibrium, not obtaining any information on kinetics. Calculation of catalyst activity per active sites (turn‐over‐frequency) requires also appropriate characterization to determine the number of active sites.The relationship between kinetics and thermodynamics for plasma‐catalysis is discussed using endothermic decomposition of CO2 and exothermic synthesis of ammonia from N2 and H2 as examples. Assuming Langmuir–Hinshelwood and Eley‐Rideal mechanisms, the effect of excitation of reactant molecules on activation barriers and surface coverages are discussed, influencing reaction rates. The consequences of reversed reactions are considered. Plasma‐catalysis with catalysts applied for thermal catalysis at much higher temperature should be avoided, as adsorbed species are bonded too strongly resulting in low rates.

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Section: Scientific Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Leveraging Expertise in Thermal Catalysis to Understand Plasma Catalysis

Lefferts

2024

Angew Chem Int Ed

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“…However, the global transition to solar and wind energy implies that both electrochemical and plasma conversion technologies can be considered carbon neutral. [172][173][174][175] Amongst other processes, plasma approaches allow for pure splitting of CO 2 to carbon monoxide and oxygen. Various versions of the specific implementation of the plasma technology exist (for a detailed understanding of the available plasma technologies the reader is referred to Snoeckx et al 171 ), however, all of them have in common that the CO 2 conversion efficiency is sacrificed by energy efficiency and vice versa.…”

Section: Emerging Non-traditional Co Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For both processes the product mixture is complex compared to pure CO 2 splitting and feed gas ratios largely influence conversion rates and energy cost/energy efficiency. 174 Stil, conversion efficiencies for dry-reforming of methane in plasma reactor are often reported to exceed 70% at energy efficiencies of 450%. 171 At present, most scientific studies for CO 2 conversion are electrochemical, either at high temperature or low temperature operation, both at a slightly higher TRL compared to plasma technologies or solar driven conversion.…”

Section: Emerging Non-traditional Co Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon monoxide separation: past, present and future

Albertsma

Gabriels

et al. 2023

Chem. Soc. Rev.

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“…Therefore, removal of O 2 is crucial for improving the energy efficiency of plasma-driven CO 2 splitting. [42,43] Various strategies can be utilized to remove O 2 from the product stream (see Figure 2), along three pathways:…”

Section: In Situ Product Removal For Plasma-driven Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, removal of O 2 is crucial for improving the energy efficiency of plasma‐driven CO 2 splitting. [ 42,43 ]…”

Section: In Situ Product Removal For Plasma‐driven Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma‐based conversions with in situ product removal

Rouwenhorst

Lefferts

2023

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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This short review focuses on in situ product removal as a method to improve the energy efficiency and product yield of plasma‐based conversions. After recapping the advantages of in situ separations in thermal‐catalytic processes, different strategies for in situ product removal for plasma‐based conversions are discussed. Advantages and challenges are discussed regarding four strategies, that is, absorption and adsorption using solids, use of sacrificial reactants, separation with ceramic dense membranes, and product removal in the liquid phase.

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Plasma‐Assisted Conversion ofCO₂

Cited by 9 publications

References 133 publications

Leveraging Expertise in Thermal Catalysis to Understand Plasma Catalysis

Leveraging Expertise in Thermal Catalysis to Understand Plasma Catalysis

Carbon monoxide separation: past, present and future

Plasma‐based conversions with in situ product removal

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Plasma‐Assisted Conversion ofCO2

Cited by 9 publications

References 133 publications

Leveraging Expertise in Thermal Catalysis to Understand Plasma Catalysis

Leveraging Expertise in Thermal Catalysis to Understand Plasma Catalysis

Carbon monoxide separation: past, present and future

Plasma‐based conversions with in situ product removal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Plasma‐Assisted Conversion ofCO₂