Plasma antioxidants in subjects before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Abstract

Chemo-irradiation induced oxidative damage to vascular endothelium may contribute to pulmonary complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We measured antioxidants, markers of oxidative stress and plasma antioxidant capacity in plasma or serum from 24 subjects at day 7 before HSCT and 20 control subjects. The plasma concentration of extracellular glutathione peroxidase (GPX-3) was significantly reduced in the HSCT subjects compared with controls (HSCT: 98742 lg/ml, control: 169756 lg/ml, Po0.0001). The concentration of c-tocopherol was significantly higher in the HSCT subjects compared with controls (HSCT: 2077103 lg/dl; Control: 98752 lg/dl; P ¼ 0.0002). The plasma concentrations of protein carbonyl, nitrotyrosine, malondialdehyde, a-tocopherol, vitamin A, homocysteine, cysteine and cysteinylglycine did not differ between HSCT and control subjects. Plasma from HSCT subjects was as effective as control plasma in quenching menadione-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species production in human microvascular endothelial cells. In summary, subjects before HSCT have significantly reduced plasma concentrations of GPX-3, elevated plasma c-tocopherol yet retains the ability to quench an acute oxidative stress. These changes may play a role in chronic oxidative stress in the HSCT population.

Oxidative Protein Damage with Carbonyl Levels and Nitrotyrosine Expression after Chemotherapy in Bone Marrow Transplantation Patients

“…HSCT patients were previously shown to be under chronic oxidative stress [1,12]. Oxidative stress was associated with high-dose chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in subjects undergoing HSCT [13].…”

“…Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are associated with increased formation of free radicals. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have the ability, either directly or indirectly, to damage all biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, DNA, and carbohydrates [1,2]. …”

The Role of Antioxidant Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Infertility Caused by Cisplatin in Rats

“…Vitamin E is an antioxidant agent that neutralizes peroxides and oxygen radicals, prevents the lipid breakdown reaction chain, and protects against oxidative damage by settling on cell and organelle membranes [12,27]. The drugs used in chemotherapy are thought to exhibit cytotoxic effects by establishing oxidative stress [5,6,7]. In theory, therefore, antioxidants are thought to reduce the side-effects of these agents by scavenging free radicals.…”

“…Therefore, clinical trials [4] and experimental studies [5] for the prevention of infertility resulting from chemotherapy have been carried out; research suggests that oxidative stress that rises with chemotherapy is a factor leading to infertility [5]. In addition, increased oxidative stress and decreased levels of antioxidants were reported in patients received chemotherapy [6,7]. Borekci et al [5] also determined an increase in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a product of lipid peroxidation, and a decrease in levels of total glutathione (tGSH), an endogenous antioxidant, in ovarian tissue of rats receiving cisplatin.…”

Reduced respiratory and skeletal muscle strength in survivors of sibling or unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

“…We have recently demonstrated that subjects before HSCT have lower plasma concentrations of glutathione peroxidase, an important component of the circulating antioxidant system, compared with controls. 24 Thus, increased reactive oxygen species production along with an impaired antioxidant system may contribute to muscle weakness in the post-HSCT period.…”