Plasma and Urinary Adh Levels in Patients With Essential Hypertension

Shimamoto, Kazuaki; Ando, Toshiaki; Nakahashi, Yasuyuki; Nakao, Takashi; Tanaka, Shigemichi; Sakuma, Masayoshi; Miyahara, Mitsuo

doi:10.1253/jcj.43.43

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The AVP excretion in adults is reported to be 34 ng/24 h in women and 70 ng/ 24 h in men [3] or 74.4 ±9.5 ng/24 h [ 18]. Assuming the normal body surface area of an adult (1.73 m2), a daily excretion of about 70 ng AVP in adults corresponds to 40 ng/m2/24 h, correlating well with the results in chil dren.…”

Section: As-bsupporting

confidence: 68%

Determination and Characterization of Arginine-Vasopressin in Extracted and Unextracted Urine and Its Urinary Excretion in Normal Children and Adolescents

Bald

Rascher²

1990

Horm Res

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Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) was measured by radioimmunoassay in extracted and unextracted urine using two different antisera. The specificity of the assay was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography. By the use of a high specific antiserum, AVP can reliably be measured in unextracted urine. Measurements with a less specific antiserum revealed higher concentrations, probably due to nonspecific binding. The extraction of AVP by the use of octadecasilyl-silica columns is unable to separate the intact hormone from substances interfering with the assay. The urinary AVP excretion in 34 normal children and adolescents ranged between 3.5 and 120 ng/m²/24 h with a mean of 39.1 ± 29.9 ng/m²/24 h.

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Section: As-bsupporting

confidence: 68%

Determination and Characterization of Arginine-Vasopressin in Extracted and Unextracted Urine and Its Urinary Excretion in Normal Children and Adolescents

Bald

Rascher²

1990

Horm Res

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“…One reason for discordance between reports might be differences in the examined hypertensive groups. First, one of the cited studies 14 had a wide within-group age range. As recently shown, plasma AVP concentrations may be significantly influenced by age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 " 13 Although both Padfield et al 13 and Shimamoto et al 14 found normal AVP levels in essential hypertension, Cowley et al 15 reported that average levels were almost twice as high in hypertensive patients over 50 years of age as compared with their younger counterparts. There may be several reasons for these divergent results, including differences in the materials and subjects examined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased plasma vasopressin in low renin essential hypertension.

Os¹,

Kjeldsen²,

Skjøtø³

et al. 1986

Hypertension

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SUMMARY Baseline plasma vasopressin concentrations were measured in 48 men (all 50 years old) with decreased plasma renin concentration and untreated, sustained essential hypertension and in 29 healthy normotensive men. Mean hypertensive plasma vasopressin concentration was more than twice as high as the corresponding normotensive level (15.7 ± 2.2 [SE] vs 7.5 ± 1.0 pg/ml; p < 0.001). Plasma renin concentration in the hypertensive group was reduced compared with that in the normotensive group (0.28 ± 0.04 vs 0.46 ± 0.06 Goldblatt units X 10 4 /ml). These differences appeared despite virtually identical serum osmolality, creatinine clearance, and urinary sodium excretion in the two groups. In the first 38 hypertensive subjects, arterial plasma epinephrine concentrations were significantly increased over those of the first 28 control subjects (99 ± 12 vs 68 ± 6 pg/ml; p < 0.025). In contrast to those with low renin essential hypertension, 35 men with normal renin essential hypertension (all 40 years old) had normal plasma vasopressin levels that were not significantly different from those in a comparable normotensive control group (3.7 ± 0.8 vs 3.5 ± 0.4 pg/ml). Arterial epinephrine concentrations were not significantly different between normal renin subjects and the control group. After 6 weeks of treatment with the nonselective /3-adrenergic receptor blocker oxprenolol in 11 subjects with low renin hypertension, blood pressure was reduced and the plasma vasopressin concentration fell from 27.6 ±6.4 to 13.5 ±4.2 pg/ml (p < 0.01). After 6 weeks of treatment with the /3,-selective agent atenolol in another 11 men with low renin hypertension, plasma vasopressin level fell from 16.3 ± 3.3 to 13.1 ±3.1 pg/ml, but this reduction was not significant. In pooled groups treated with /3-adrenergic blockade, plasma vasopressin level decreased more the higher its initial concentrations (r= 0.79, p< 0.001, n = 22). These findings suggest that plasma vasopressin is increased in low renin essential hypertension and may be related to sympathetic adrenal overactivity. (Hypertension 8: 506-513, 1986) KEY WORDS • blood pressure • catecholamines • sodium • osmolality • /3-adrenergic blockade • pituitary • antidiuretic hormone A RGININE vasopressin (AVP) may increase /\ blood pressure primarily by volume reten-A. \. tion, but it is also a powerful vasoconstrictive agent, even more potent than angiotensin.1 It may also participate in cardiovascular regulation, both centrally 2 and peripherally, 3 and stimulate the gain of baroreceptor reflexes. 4 Potentiation of the vasoconstrictor effect of catecholamines has been established. with mineralocorticoid excess. 6 -9 "" Deoxycorticosterone-salt hypertension will not develop in the Brattleboro rat, which lacks AVP because of a genetic defect. Blockade by either specific antiserum or competitive antagonists of AVP substantially attenuates both the development and severity of preexisting deoxycorticosterone-salt hypertension. Most recently, observations by Hay wood et al.12 point to the sy...

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“…In addition, in human beings, it has also been reported that plasma ADH levels are lower in patients with essential hypertension than in normal subjects (Padfield et al, 1976;Shimamoto et al, 1979). However, the plasma ADH level in each form of secondary hypertension has not been clarified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma antidiuretic hormone levles in patients with normal and low renin essential hypertension, and secondary hypertension.

et al. 1983

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In order to investigate the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in essential hypertension and secondary hypertension, plasma ADH levels were measured in normal subjects, in patients with normal and low renin essential hypertension, and in other patients with various forms of secondary hypertension.Plasma ADH levels were significantly lower in low renin essential hypertension and higher in malignant hypertension than in normal subjects. The plasma ADH levels tended to be lower in renal hypertension and primary aldosteronism, and higher in renovascular hypertension, but these differences were not statistically significant.From these results, it appeared that ADH might play a role in malignant hypertension, but not in the other hypertensive diseases.

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Plasma and Urinary Adh Levels in Patients With Essential Hypertension

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Determination and Characterization of Arginine-Vasopressin in Extracted and Unextracted Urine and Its Urinary Excretion in Normal Children and Adolescents

Determination and Characterization of Arginine-Vasopressin in Extracted and Unextracted Urine and Its Urinary Excretion in Normal Children and Adolescents

Increased plasma vasopressin in low renin essential hypertension.

Plasma antidiuretic hormone levles in patients with normal and low renin essential hypertension, and secondary hypertension.

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