Plasma and human milk concentrations of moclobemide in nursing mothers

Buist, Anne; Dennerstein, Lorraine; Maguire, Kay P.; Norman, Trevor R.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1077(1998120)13:8<579::aid-hup45>3.0.co;2-4

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Milk to plasma ratios of 0.72 [47] and 0.68, with a range of 0.39 to 1.21 [48] have been reported. A major metabolite, RO 12-8095, was also measured in milk.…”

Section: Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 61%

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Antidepressants and Breast-Feeding

2000

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For every antidepressant so far investigated in the breast milk of mothers prescribed these medications, findings indicate that some amount of drug will be excreted into the breast milk. Nursing infants will be exposed to some, usually a very low, amount of drug and drug metabolites. Levels of drug exposure to infants for the many antidepressants available are examined, discussing milk to plasma drug concentration ratios and the infant dose as a percentage of the maternal dose. Drug concentrations in infant plasma and adverse effects of drug exposures to infants are reviewed. Factors influencing the decision on whether to breast or bottle feed an infant nursed by a mother taking antidepressants are discussed, concluding that the decision needs to be made on an individual basis. The lactating mother, in consultation with her doctor, should be in a position to make an informed decision on whether or not to breast feed. Under certain circumstances the decision to bottle feed may be wise, but more commonly the advantages of breast-feeding will outweigh the very low risk of an adverse event from drug exposure to the infant.

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“…Milk to plasma ratios of 0.72 [47] and 0.68, with a range of 0.39 to 1.21 [48] have been reported. A major metabolite, RO 12-8095, was also measured in milk.…”

Section: Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…[47] From a study of 8 nursing mothers, infants were exposed to <1% of the maternal dose of moclobemide. [48] …”

Section: Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidepressants and Breast-Feeding

2000

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“…Antimalarials, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and quinine are found in variable quantities in breast milk 33 . The model predicted an M / P ratio of 2.79 for moclobemide in contrast to the experimentally determined M / P ratio of 0.68, with a range of 0.39‐1.21 22 and M / P of 0.72 34 . These M / P ratios were based on a single dose of moclobemide.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The human breast milk‐to‐plasma ratio ( M / P ) values of 133 diverse compounds, including drugs and their active metabolites, were taken from the literature 14–23 . In the case of different M/P values for a compound from multiple studies, the average M / P value was calculated, while compounds with highly differing M / P values were excluded from the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The human breast milk-to-plasma ratio (M/P) values of 133 diverse compounds, including drugs and their active metabolites, were taken from the literature. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] In the case of different M/P values for a compound from multiple studies, the average M/P value was calculated, while compounds with highly differing M/P values were excluded from the study. The 3D molecular structures of the compounds were optimized to minimum energy, and 84 theoretical molecular descriptors were calculated with Molecular Modelling Pro® 5.1 (Chem SW.…”

Section: Materials S and Me Thodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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QSAR analysis of the partitioning of terpenes and terpenoids into human milk

Agatonović-Kuštrin

Gegechkori

Morton

2022

Flavour & Fragrance J

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Studies have shown that olfactory experience during breastfeeding plays an important role in the later development of certain food preferences in life. Thus, the aim of this study was to predict partitioning of odorous terpenes and terpenoids into breast milk from a predictive QSAR model for drug transfer. A large heterogenous data set based on drugs and their active metabolites that were used to build a QSAR was collected from the literature. Due to the vast structural diversity of these compounds and possibly different mechanisms involved in M/P partitioning, a non-linear artificial neural network (ANN) model was used to develop a predictive QSAR model. The value of the correlation coefficient of predicted versus experimentally measured M/P values for the final model (14-2-1) was high (R = .82). The descriptors selected in the final model (14-2-1) belong to 3 main categories: (a) solubility/permeability descriptors (dipole moment, polar surface area, aromatic ring count and hydroxyl group count), (b) reactivity descriptors (i.e. HOMO energy) and (c) shape descriptors (different ring size counts, counts of methyl groups and molecular depth). Results of this study predict that many volatile terpenes from the essential oils are transferred into breast milk selectively. The highest M/P values (>3.5) were predicted for β-caryophyllene, aromadendrene, alloaromadendrene, and 1,4-and 1,8-cineole, high values for carvacrol (M/P = 3.2), eugenol (M/P = 3.0) and thymol (M/P = 3.6), and moderate values for α-pinene (M/P = 2.3) and low values (M/P = 0.4) for phellandrene and limonene. Our model helps to explain and expand on the current knowledge of volatile compounds in breast milk by predicting that a variety of volatile terpenoids can be found in breast milk.

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Psychotropic drugs

Merlob¹,

Schaefer²

2015

Drugs During Pregnancy and Lactation

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Plasma and human milk concentrations of moclobemide in nursing mothers

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Antidepressants and Breast-Feeding

Antidepressants and Breast-Feeding

QSAR analysis of the partitioning of terpenes and terpenoids into human milk

Psychotropic drugs

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