Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Pregnant Asian Women and Their Babies

Heckmatt, J. Z.; Davies, A. E. J.; Peacock, Munro; McMurray, Jennifer A.; Isherwood, D. M.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(79)91612-x

Cited by 87 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The substantial correlation we found between maternal and neonatal concentrations of plasma 25-0HD has also been demonstrated by several investigators (3,13,14). These authors and others stress that the cord values are invariably lower than the maternal levels.Our findings did not reveal the same consistency; 26 mothers had lower 25-0HD values than their neonates.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Total Calcium: Extraordinarily Low Plasma Concentrations in Saudi Mothers and Their Neonates

1984

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SummaryVenous blood was obtained from 100 consecutive and unselected Saudi Arabian mothers and their neonates within 48 h after delivery. Plasma levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-0HD) and total calcium were measured in paired samples. Fifty-nine mothers and 70 neonates had subnormal (less than 10 ngJml) 25-OHD levels. Plasma Ca concentrations were low in 61% of the mothers and 59% of the newborns consisting of 10 preterm and 38 full term babies. There were significant correlation between the plasma levels of maternal and neonatal 25-0HD (r = 0.54; P = 0.0001), maternal 25-0HD and Ca (r = -0.22; P = 0.03), neonatal 25-0HD and Ca (r =-0.28; P =0.0009), and maternal and neonatal calcium levels (r = 0.46; P = 0.0001). Nevertheless, maternal 25-0HD was not invariably higher than that in the infant. Normocalcemia was observed in 29 neonates and 26 mothers (20 mother/baby pairs) in the presence of subnormal maternal 25-0HD. Twenty babies and 16 mothers including nine mother/baby pairs had hypocalcemia in the presence of normal levels of 25-0HD. This indicates that vitamin D plays a crucial, but not exclusive, role in calcium homeostasis during pregnancy.This study revealed that vitamin D deficiency is very prevalent during pregnancy in Saudi Arabia. It also showed that asymptomatic hypocalcemia in full term babies is far commoner than is generally appreciated. It is considered that vitamin D deficiency is primarily due to lack of exposure to sunlight. Encouragement to obtain sunlight exposure and fortification of food are the only alternative measures. Abbreviation 25-0HD, 25-hydroxyvitamin D Saudis, especially women, avoid exposure to sunlight due to cultural and traditional beliefs. Ultraviolet light has been shown to produce changes in circulating 25-0HD equivalent to those produced by a daily dose of 10,000 IU i.e. several times the recommended daily adult intake in food (21). Second, the dietary intake of vitamin D by Saudi Arabians has been shown to be far below the amount recommended by FAO/WHO, in the United States and in the United Kingdom (20,24).In spite of abundant sunlight throughout the year, several vitamin D deficiency diseases have been reported in Saudi Arabia, including rickets (8,9), fractures of the head of the femur in the elderly, and osteomalacia (24). We have noticed a strikingly high incidence of hypocalcemia in full term infants delivered at King Abdul Aziz University Hospital. In view of the wide pre". alence of vitamin D deficiency diseases, we sought to define the role of this vitamin in the pathogenesis of neonatal hypocalcemia. Since 25-0HD is the major circulating form of vitamin D and since its plasma concentrations directly reflect its status (6), we opted to measure this metabolite and total calcium concentrations in mothers and their neonates. PATIENTS AND METHODS Clinical.A 5-ml sample of venous blood was taken from each of 100 unselected mothers and 2 ml from their corresponding babies, within 48 h of delivery at King Abdul Aziz University Hospital for estimation of plasma 25-0HD ...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Total Calcium: Extraordinarily Low Plasma Concentrations in Saudi Mothers and Their Neonates

1984

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“…Consequently, in view of the low 25OHD levels of such women, their infants will also be born with inadequate levels, and a proportion will subsequently develop rickets [7,9]. Interestingly, some breast-fed infants developed the disease even when their mothers had plasma 25OHD levels in the range 4.7-11.4 ng/ml, a finding consistent with recent studies refuting the value of milk as a good source of antirachitic activity [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D deficiency in mothers of rachitic infants

Elidrissy

Sedrani

Lawson³

1984

Calcif Tissue Int

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The existence of nutritional deficiency rickets among infants in sunny Riyadh was confirmed radiologically. Most of the rachitic infants were breast-fed, some received unsupplemented infant feeding formulae, and all live in an environment that is devoid of sunlight. Their mean age at the time of onset was 10.5 months. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels were found to be low in mothers of the rachitic infants. This maternal deficiency as a factor in pathogenesis of rickets in the infant is discussed. Proposals are made to prevent the occurrence of rickets on this scale.

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“…Several studies have also shown that vitamin D deficiency in immigrant adolescents as well as among women seem still to persist in Britain as well as in other Northern European countries (Brooke et al 1980, Dent and Gupta 1975, Heckmatt et al 1979, Hillman and Haddad 1974, O'Hare et al 1984, Brunvand and Haug 1993. Asian women appear to be particularly at risk of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy.…”

Section: Vitamin D Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition-Related Diseases and Dietary Change among Third World Immigrants in Northern Europe

Wandel¹

1993

Nutr Health

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Immigrants from the third world are more prone to acquire nutritional deficiency diseases, such as rickets, osteomalacia and iron deficiency anemia than the rest of the population in the recipient countries. Lately, evidence is also emerging that some immigrant groups are particularly susceptible to diseases related to overnutrition, such as coronary heart disease and non-insulin dependent diabetes. The purpose of this review article is to give a holistic view of the nutrition related diseases and disorders among immigrants. It deals with the prevalence of these diseases among immigrants in Northern European countries, and looks into some of the hypotheses, which have been put forward to explain why immigrant groups are more prone to acquire these diseases than the rest of the population. The focus of this part of the paper is the process of dietary change after migration. The practical implications of the findings from the literature review are then discussed.

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Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Pregnant Asian Women and Their Babies

Cited by 87 publications

References 12 publications

25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Total Calcium: Extraordinarily Low Plasma Concentrations in Saudi Mothers and Their Neonates

25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Total Calcium: Extraordinarily Low Plasma Concentrations in Saudi Mothers and Their Neonates

Vitamin D deficiency in mothers of rachitic infants

Nutrition-Related Diseases and Dietary Change among Third World Immigrants in Northern Europe

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