Plaque Minerals and Caries Experience: Associations and Interrelationships

Schamschula, R. G.; Bunzel, Mirko; Agus, Helen M.; Adkins, B. L.; Barmes, David E.; Charlton, G.

doi:10.1177/00220345780570030101

Cited by 41 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Similar results (r = -0.23) were obtained by the same group [Schamschula et al, 1978a] when studying 72 children aged 9.7 to 13 years. Curzon [1985] was also able to demonstrate this relationship (r = -0.83) in addition to the earlier reported negative correlations between [Sr] in water, and in enamel and DMFS scores, reported earlier.…”

Section: Epidemiological Caries Studiessupporting

confidence: 84%

Strontium and Caries: A Long and Complicated Relationship

Lippert

Hara²

2012

Caries Res

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Investigations into the role of strontium (Sr) in caries prevention have attracted great interest in the research community in the past, with its peak in the 1970-and 80ies. To this date, no clear indication of the relative importance of Sr in caries prevention has been provided. A vast number of animal caries, epidemiological and mechanistic studies have been conducted. Albeit Although a great level ofthere is much discrepancyexists in the literature, the majority of studies suggest that Sr exhibits some cariostatic properties and, predominantly in the presence of fluoride (F). An optimum Sr concentration of 5 to 10 ppm in drinking water has been proposed as a direct result of several epidemiological caries studies. Despite these results, no direct link can be established between Sr and caries prevention as, to date, no relevant, randomized control trials have been reported. The extrapolation of potential cariostatic properties of Sr from epidemiological studies is difficult due to the co-presence of several other trace elements in the water of the study areas, with many of these elements being attributed cariostatic properties in their own right.

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Section: Epidemiological Caries Studiessupporting

confidence: 84%

Strontium and Caries: A Long and Complicated Relationship

Lippert

Hara²

2012

Caries Res

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“…Of these, Ca is probably more important as apatite saturation is a function of the Ca ++ ion activity raised to the 5th power. Several epidemiologic studies have found that caries activity is inversely related to Ca and P i levels in plaque [Ashley and Wilson, 1977b;Schamschula et al, 1978;Shaw et al, 1983]. It is likely that high plaque mineral content initially provides protection against enamel dissolution, but as frequent sugar exposures continue this content diminishes and/or newly forming plaque contains less Ca and P i .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Sucrose Application Frequency and Basal Nutrient Conditions on the Calcium and Phosphate Content of Experimental Dental Plaque

Pearce

Sissons²,

Coleman³

et al. 2002

Caries Res

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A reduced pool of calcium in dental plaque would be expected to increase the ability of plaque fluid to dissolve the underlying enamel when the pH falls during sugar exposure. We have examined the relationship between frequency of sugar application and Ca and P_i concentrations in artificial mouth plaque microcosm biofilms. Ten plaques were grown simultaneously from a human saliva inoculum using a continuous flow of simulated saliva, DMM, supplemented with either urea or glucose to modulate the resting pH. In addition the plaques received sucrose applications of varying frequency: 12-, 8-, 6-, or 4-hourly, or not at all. After 15 days the plaques were sampled by taking 4 full-thickness specimens of each, and acid-extractable Ca and P_i, and alkali-soluble protein and carbohydrate were determined. Ca and P_i concentrations were in a range comparable with those in human plaque, except in the DMM + urea plaque receiving no sucrose, when concentrations were higher. Plaque Ca concentration decreased significantly as sucrose application frequency increased. Increasing sucrose application frequency also reduced the protein, i.e. the cell biomass, content of the plaques and, in the case of DMM + urea plaques, increased the water-insoluble hexose content, presumably extracellular polysaccharide. Reduced biomass was partly due to the bulking of plaque with extracellular polysaccharide, but the marked effect of urea on polysaccharide formation is not understood. This study shows that increasing frequency of sugar application alters dental plaque by reducing its mineral protection capacity.

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“…Additionally, some authors have suggested that there is an inverse relationship between the concentrations of these ions in dental plaque and caries experience or increment [Ashley, 1975;Ashley and Wilson, 1977b;Schamschula et al, 1978;Grobler et al, 1982;Shaw et al, 1993].…”

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confidence: 99%

Relationship among Dental Plaque Composition, Daily Sugar Exposure and Caries in the Primary Dentition

et al. 2002

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The relationship among daily sugar exposure, dental plaque composition and caries patterns in the primary dentition is not known. Three groups of 20 children (18–48 months old) were studied: (1) caries-free (CF), (2) presenting pit and fissure caries (PFC), and (3) with nursing caries (NC). Dental caries index (dmfs) was assessed and the frequency of daily sugar exposure (TS) and its forms were estimated by questionnaires. Fluoride (F), calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphorus (P_i), insoluble polysaccharide (IP) and mutans streptococci were quantified in dental plaque. The three groups of children were statistically different regarding daily sugar exposure. Concentrations of F, Ca and P_i were lower and the IP and mutans streptococci statistically higher in dental plaque from NC children than those from CF children. PFC children also showed statistically lower F and P levels in their plaque than CF children. Statistically significant correlations were found between IP, TS and dmfs from NC and PFC children. A statistically significant correlation between mutans streptococci in plaque from anterior teeth and dmfs for NC children was also observed. These results suggest that the dietary sugar experience changes the biochemical and microbiological composition of dental plaque, which could partly explain the different caries patterns observed in primary dentition.

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Plaque Minerals and Caries Experience: Associations and Interrelationships

Cited by 41 publications

References 6 publications

Strontium and Caries: A Long and Complicated Relationship

Strontium and Caries: A Long and Complicated Relationship

The Effect of Sucrose Application Frequency and Basal Nutrient Conditions on the Calcium and Phosphate Content of Experimental Dental Plaque

Relationship among Dental Plaque Composition, Daily Sugar Exposure and Caries in the Primary Dentition

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