Plaque and Gingivitis Reduction in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment with Fixed Appliances?Comparison of Toothbrushes and Interdental Cleaning Aids

Kossack, Christoph; Jost‐Brinkmann, Paul‐Georg

doi:10.1007/s00056-005-0344-4

Cited by 41 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Inadequate oral hygiene usually leads to gingivitis and can progress to periodontitis. [3][4][5][6][7][8] In the present study, the amount of dental plaque and gingival bleeding was significantly higher in the FOA group, which confirms the finding of the previous studies. The grooming of children and adolescents with FOA should therefore be monitored throughout the treatment period and frequent recall appointments should be scheduled for evaluating oral hygiene and to see if nutritional recommendations are adhered to.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…2 It has been observed that in several patients, multiband or multibracket appliances result in development of marginal gingivitis and or gingival hyperplasia. [3][4][5][6][7][8] These changes are primarily attributed to increased plaque accumulation, [9][10][11][12][13] as FOAs increase the difficulty in maintaining oral hygiene and behave as niches for plaque retention. 7,14 In addition to irritation of the periodontal tissues from FOA, there is an increased risk of decalcification of the tooth structure that is caused by the prolonged adhesion of food debris and increased plaque accumulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral Hygiene and Dietary Habits in Adolescents With Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: A cross-sectional Study

Azaripour¹,

Willershausen²,

Hassan³

et al. 2016

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Objectives: Fixed orthodontic appliances (FOAs) may cause a temporary deterioration of oral hygiene with corresponding gingival inflammatory changes. Optimal oral hygiene and dietary changes are essential in order to avoid periodontal inflammation. The present study investigates to what extent the recommendations made by the orthodontist are followed by young patients. Materials and methods:A total of 67 adolescent patients with FOA were examined and interviewed. The control group consisted of 70 patients of the same age who had not undergone any orthodontic treatment. A specific questionnaire (assessing dietary habits, oral hygiene measures) was used and comprehensive oral findings along with oral hygiene status were evaluated. Results:The analysis of the data showed that despite intensive oral hygiene and dietary advice in the patients with FOA, there was no change in diet or oral hygiene habits. There were significantly higher signs of gingival inflammation and amount of dental plaque in FOA patients. Nutritional recommendations and oral hygiene measures for young people with FOA were not adequately enforced. Conclusion:The findings indicate that frequent recalls should be scheduled with repeated reinforcement of oral hygiene and dietary modifications in FOA patients. Keywords

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Hygiene and Dietary Habits in Adolescents With Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: A cross-sectional Study

Azaripour¹,

Willershausen²,

Hassan³

et al. 2016

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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“…Of the studies selected, four did not specify whether or not dentifrice was used (KILICOGLU et al, 1997;OUSEHAL et al, 2011;TROMBELI et al, 1995;WOMACK and GUAY, 1968), fie mentioned the use of dentifrice irrespective of whether or not it contained fluoride (BURCH et al, 1994;GOMES et al, 2012;HOHOFF et al, 2003;JACKSON, 1991;WILCOXON et al, 1991), and fifteen affirmed the use of fluoridated dentifrice (AL-TEEN et al, 2006;ARICI et al, 2007;BOCK et al, 2010;CLEREHUGH et al, 1998;COSTA et al, 2010;COSTA et al, 2007;ERBE et al, 2013;HEASMAN et al, 1998;HEINTZE et al, 1996;HICKMAN et al, 2002;KOSSACK and JOST-BRINKMANN, 2005;RAFE et al, 2006;SHARMA et al, 2008;THIENPONT et al, 2001;TRIMPENEERS et al, 1997). In spite of this lack of standardization, it was found that in each study, particularly both the experimental and control groups used the same dentifrice, thereby avoiding biases in the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gomes et al (2012) and Hohoff et al (2003) recommended cleaning for 10 seconds per tooth. With regard to cleaning the free tooth surfaces, 15 studies presented results with statistically significant difference in reduction of the plaque index when the conventional manual toothbrush was used (AL-TEEN et al, 2006;BURCH et al, 1994;CLEREHUGH et al, 1998;COSTA et al, 2007;ERBE et al, 2013;HICKMAN et al, 2002;HOHOFF et al, 2003;KILICOGLU et al, 1997;KOSSACK and JOST-BRINKMANN, 2005;RAFE et al, 2006;SHARMA et al, 2008;THIENPONT et al, 2001;TROMBELI et al, 1995;WILCOXON et al, 1991;WOMACK and GUAY, 1968). There were 6 studies for the manual orthodontic brushes (COSTA et al, 2007;GOMES et al, 2012;KILICOGLU et al, 1997;RAFE et al, 2006;WILCOXON et al, 1991).…”

Section: Mechanical Methods Evaluatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the articles included, 17 were evaluated as having high methodological quality (AL-TEEN et al, 2006;ARICI et al, 2007;BURCH et al, 1994;CLEREHUGH et al, 1998;COSTA et al, 2007;ERBE et al, 2013;GOMES et al, 2012;HICKMAN et al, 2002;HOHOFF et al, 2003;OUSEHAL et al, 2011;RAFE et al, 2006;SHARMA et al, 2008;THIENPONT et al, 2001;TRIMPENEERS et al, 1997;TROMBELI et al, 1995;WILCOXON et al, 1991), 6 as having moderate methodological quality (BOCK et al, 2010;HEASMAN et al, 1998;HEINTZE et al, 1996;JACKSON, 1991;KILICOGLU et al, 1997;KOSSACK and JOST-BRINKMANN, 2005;WOMACK and GUAY, 1968) and none with low methodological quality. Figure 2 illustrates the classification of articles according to the methodological evaluation criteria.…”

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of different mechanical bacterial plaque removal methods in patients with fixed orthodontic appliance: a systematic review/meta-analysis

Pithon

Sant'Anna²,

Baião³

et al. 2017

Biosci. J.

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the presence of fixed orthodontic appliances and its accessories tends to affect bacterial plaque removal, resulting in inadequate cleaning being performed by the patient. Thus, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to answer the following focal question: are the mechanical methods of oral cleaning effective for the reduction of bacterial dental plaque in patients with a fixed orthodontic appliance? A systematic search of the literature was conducted in the following databases: Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, and Medline, in addition to Controlled Trials and Grey Literature, without limitations of language and year of publication. Furthermore, searches were also conducted in the reference lists of the articles selected. Included in the present review were clinical studies with patients undergoing therapy with fixed orthodontic appliances, which would, by means of comparison, evaluate the effectiveness of different mechanical bacterial plaque removal methods. The methodological quality of the articles included was evaluated in accordance with the methodological evaluation protocol, and was classified as high, moderate or low. In order to perform the meta-analysis, articles with high methodological quality were included. Analysis of subgroups was performed according to the type of intervention. The plaque index was defined as the continuous outcome variable, using the fixed effect when there was homogeneity among the articles, and the random effect in cases of heterogeneity. 1815 articles were found, of which only 23 fulfilled the eligibility criteria, with 17 being of high methodological quality and 6 of moderate quality. Of these, 18 included an analysis of the effectiveness of the conventional manual brush, 4 of the manual orthodontic brush,15 of electric brushes, 3 of interdental brushes, 1 of dental floss and 4 or oral irrigation devices, and 1 of Siwak. In the qualitative evaluation of the studies, the use of these mechanical control methods was shown to be effective, with exception of the use of Siwak, which presented an increase in bacterial plaque. Moreover, the results of the meta-analysis indicated a significant reduction of -0.98 (IC 95%) in the plaque index for the use of conventional manual brushes in the period of one month (p<0.001). There is a body of evidence that proves the effectiveness of mechanical bacterial plaque removal in patients using orthodontic appliances and accessories. The findings of the meta-analysis proved the effectiveness of the conventional manual brush. Further studies with better standardization of samples are required to strengthen the evidences.

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Aids for mechanical cleaning of teeth with fixed braces

Goh

Doubleday

2018

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Plaque and Gingivitis Reduction in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment with Fixed Appliances?Comparison of Toothbrushes and Interdental Cleaning Aids

Abstract: Plaque and gingivitis can be reduced--especially in patients with poor oral hygiene (mQHI(initial) > or = 1.5)-by using an interdental cleaning aid. In the long run, the Flosser FL-110 is more effective than multi-floss 3-phase dental floss.

Cited by 41 publications

References 22 publications

Oral Hygiene and Dietary Habits in Adolescents With Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: A cross-sectional Study

Oral Hygiene and Dietary Habits in Adolescents With Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: A cross-sectional Study

Effectiveness of different mechanical bacterial plaque removal methods in patients with fixed orthodontic appliance: a systematic review/meta-analysis

Aids for mechanical cleaning of teeth with fixed braces

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