Plantation forestry diseases in Zambia: Contributing factors and management options

Abstract

Abstract• Plantation forestry in Zambia is based mainly on non-native Eucalyptus and Pinus species and constitutes an important component of the country's economy. The productivity of these plantations is, however, threatened by several factors, including fungal pathogens that reduce timber quality and cause tree mortality.• In this paper we present a review of diseases affecting plantation forestry and highlight factors that may favour their development and severity in the country.• Plantation health management in Zambia is seriously hampered by a general lack of information on pests and diseases affecting these plantations. In this regard, most research has been done more than 30 years ago, and very few pathogens have been identified to species level using modern identification techniques.• Recent surveys identified several previously unknown diseases of Eucalyptus spp. in the country, emphasizing the importance of renewed research on this topic. The impact of diseases associated with these pathogens has been exacerbated by poor plantation management, insufficient financial resources and lack of human capacity to deal with them.• Successful plantation management in Zambia will require increased and improved training of foresters regarding tree health issues, more effective quarantine, silvicultural practices, and importantly, the establishment of sound breeding and selection programmes. These will require considerable commitment from Government, commercial companies and research and educational organizations in the country.

First report of Teratosphaeria zuluensis causing stem canker of Eucalyptus grandis in Uganda

“…; Chungu et al. ) while T. gauchensis was known to cause the same disease in Uganda and Ethiopia in East Africa (Gezahgne et al. ; Roux et al.…”

“…; Chungu et al. ). Teratosphaeria gauchensis is known from Africa, North and South America (Gezahgne et al.…”

Інвазійні Чужорідні Патогени Як Загроза Глобальному Біорізноманіттю

“…ex Munk (anamorph: Dothistroma septosporum (Dorog.) M. Morelet) на плантаціях сосни променистої (P. radiata D. Don) (Chungu, Muimba-Kankolongo, Wingfi eld, & Roux, 2010);…”

Teratosphaeria pseudonubilosa sp. nov., a serious Eucalyptus leaf pathogen in the Teratosphaeria nubilosa species complex

“…All DNA sequences used in this study were used in previous phylogenetic analyses (Chungu et al 2010;Crous et al 2004;Gezahgne et al 2006;Hunter et al 2009;Pérez et al 2009aPérez et al , b, 2010Pérez et al , 2012 and were downloaded from GenBank (http://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov; Table 1).…”

“…For phylogenetic analyses, 21 isolates were selected to represent the global intraspecific diversity previously described for T. nubilosa (Chungu et al 2010;Crous et al 2004;Gezahgne et al 2006;Hunter et al 2009) and the three native population groups identified based on microsatellite marker analyses (Pérez et al 2012). Phylogenetic analyses included the exepitype specimen of T. nubilosa, isolate CMW 3282 (= CPC 937, = CBS 116005) from Victoria, Australia, designated by Crous et al (2004).…”