Plant water relations at elevated CO2– implications for water‐limited environments

Wullschleger, Stan D.; Tschaplinski, Timothy J.; Norby, Richard J.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00796.x

Cited by 370 publications

(317 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Vegetation also exerts controls on production of CO 2 through root respiration in the soil and through complex mycorrhizal associations that can mediate the response of soil CO 2 production to rain pulse events (Vargas et al, 2010). Finally, vegetation also elicits feedbacks on the abiotic aspects of a system, including the soil moisture and soil temperature regimes, further impacting biogeochemical cycling (Wullschleger et al, 2002;Metcalfe et al, 2011;Vesterdal et al, 2012).…”

Section: Published By Copernicus Publications On Behalf Of the Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation and elevation influence the timing and magnitude of soil CO2 efflux in a humid, topographically complex watershed

2015

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Abstract. In topographically complex watersheds, landscape position and vegetation heterogeneity can alter the soil water regime through both lateral and vertical redistribution, respectively. These alterations of soil moisture may have significant impacts on the spatial heterogeneity of biogeochemical cycles throughout the watershed. To evaluate how landscape position and vegetation heterogeneity affect soil CO 2 efflux (F SOIL ), we conducted observations across the Weimer Run watershed (373 ha), located near Davis, West Virginia, for three growing seasons with varying precipitation. An apparent soil temperature threshold of 11 • C for F SOIL at 12 cm depth was observed in our data, where F SOIL rates greatly increase in variance above this threshold. We therefore focus our analyses of F SOIL on instances in which soil temperature values were above this threshold. Vegetation had the greatest effect on F SOIL rates, with plots beneath shrubs at all elevations, for all years, showing the greatest mean rates of F SOIL (6.07 µmol CO 2 m −2 s −1 ) compared to plots beneath closedforest canopy (4.69 µmol CO 2 m −2 s −1 ) and plots located in open, forest gap (4.09 µmol CO 2 m −2 s −1 ) plots. During periods of high soil moisture, we find that CO 2 efflux rates are constrained, and that maximum efflux rates occur during periods of average to below-average soil water availability. While vegetation was the variable most related to F SOIL , there is also strong interannual variability in fluxes determined by the interaction of annual precipitation and topography. These findings add to the current theoretical constructs related to the interactions of moisture and vegetation in biogeochemical cycles within topographically complex watersheds.

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Section: Published By Copernicus Publications On Behalf Of the Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation and elevation influence the timing and magnitude of soil CO2 efflux in a humid, topographically complex watershed

2015

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“…Climate change is predicted to shape new hydroclimatic regimes in many regions of the 47 world (Ramanathan et water-limited regions (Wullschleger et al, 2002), such as Australia (Eamus et al, 2006). 57…”

Section: Introduction 46mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of elevated CO 2 , climate change and their interactions on water budgets in four different catchments in Australia

Cheng

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2014

Journal of Hydrology

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Future water availability is affected directly by the effects of climate change on 16 water loss through evapotranspiration (ET) GCMs representing a period centred on 2050s was projected and then downscaled to the 27 study catchments. The future CO 2 concentration (i.e., eCO 2 ) at 2050 was projected to be 28 550ppm. Results from this study show eCO 2 increases canopy leaf area index (LAI) in all 29 four catchments and increases ET and decreases runoff in the water limited forest catchment 30 and the two grassland catchments, but reduces ET and increases runoff in the energy-limited 31 forest catchment. The effects of future climate on canopy LAI, ET and total runoff were 32 opposing in sign to those of eCO 2 for all four catchments. Our results also suggest that the 33 interactions between the direct and indirect effects on ET are relatively strong in the two 34 grassland catchments but relatively weak in the two forest catchments, possibly because the 35 deep-rooted forest system can utilize more available soil water than grasslands. Interactions 36 on runoff were relatively strong in the two water-limited catchments but weak in the two 37 energy-limited catchments, possibly because ET in the water-limited ecosystems are mainly 38 constrained by water and arid ecosystems have higher water use efficiency. This study 39 highlights that failure to account for impacts of eCO 2

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“…However, only relatively few investigations have considered the direct consequences of soil water deficits imposed on plants that are exposed to elevated CO 2 atmospheres (Serraj et al 1999). In studies concerned with the interactive effects of elevated CO 2 and water stress, some found that elevated CO 2 significantly increased plant growth (Kimball et al 1995;Centritto et al 1999;Serraj et al 1999;Ottman et al 2001;Wall et al 2001), possibly because plants growing in elevated CO 2 improved water relations under drought stress and were able to withstand the drought stress better (Grant et al 1999;Wall 2001;Wall et al 2001;Wullschleger et al 2002). However, there were also studies finding no positive effects of elevated CO 2 on plant growth under drought-stressed conditions (Mo et al 1992;Ward et al 1999;Derner et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive effects of elevated CO2 and drought stress on leaf water potential and growth in Caragana intermedia

Xiao

Sun

Zhou

et al. 2005

Trees

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We studied the responses of leaf water potential ( w ), morphology, biomass accumulation and allocation, and canopy productivity index (CPI) to the combined effects of elevated CO 2 and drought stress in Caragana intermedia seedlings. Seedlings were grown at two CO 2 concentrations (350 and 700 µmol mol −1 ) interacted with three water regimes (60-70%, 45-55%, and 30-40% of field capacity of soil). Elevated CO 2 significantly increased w , decreased specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf area ratio (LAR) of drought-stressed seedlings, and increased tree height, basal diameter, shoot biomass, root biomass as well as total biomass under the all the three water regimes. Growth responses to elevated CO 2 were greater in wellwatered seedlings than in drought-stressed seedlings. CPI was significantly increased by elevated CO 2 , and the increase in CPI became stronger as the level of drought stress increased. There were significant interactions between elevated CO 2 and drought stress on leaf water potential, basal diameter, leaf area, and biomass accumulation. Our results suggest that elevated CO 2 may enhance drought avoidance and improved water relations, thus weakening the effect of drought stress on growth of C. intermedia seedings.

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Plant water relations at elevated CO₂– implications for water‐limited environments

Cited by 370 publications

References 97 publications

Vegetation and elevation influence the timing and magnitude of soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in a humid, topographically complex watershed

Vegetation and elevation influence the timing and magnitude of soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in a humid, topographically complex watershed

Impacts of elevated CO 2 , climate change and their interactions on water budgets in four different catchments in Australia

Interactive effects of elevated CO2 and drought stress on leaf water potential and growth in Caragana intermedia

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Plant water relations at elevated CO2– implications for water‐limited environments

Cited by 370 publications

References 97 publications

Vegetation and elevation influence the timing and magnitude of soil CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; efflux in a humid, topographically complex watershed

Vegetation and elevation influence the timing and magnitude of soil CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; efflux in a humid, topographically complex watershed

Impacts of elevated CO 2 , climate change and their interactions on water budgets in four different catchments in Australia

Interactive effects of elevated CO2 and drought stress on leaf water potential and growth in Caragana intermedia

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Product

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Plant water relations at elevated CO₂– implications for water‐limited environments

Vegetation and elevation influence the timing and magnitude of soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in a humid, topographically complex watershed

Vegetation and elevation influence the timing and magnitude of soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in a humid, topographically complex watershed