Plant Unsaturated Fatty Acids: Biosynthesis and Regulation

He, Mei; Qin, Chun-Xue; Xu, Wei; Ding, Nai-Zheng

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00390

Cited by 167 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…The ability of C18 UFAs to combat a broad spectrum of stresses renders their synthetic genes good candidates for genetic engineering, as has been proven by the foregoing successful cases. Of note, C18 UFAs draw much interest not only for anti-stress roles, but for wholesome properties and industrial applications (He et al, 2020). Therefore, manipulating FA composition and increasing oil yield of crops are also prompted by the ever-increasing demand for high-quality edible oils and staple oleochemicals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the eukaryotic pathway, phosphatidylcholine (PC) is the vector for FA desaturation. However, nascent 18:1 exported out of plastids appears to prefer the acyl editing way to be directly incorporated into PC rather than the multistep de novo way (He et al, 2020). The exchanged acyl chains (e.g., 18:2) can then enter other metabolic fates, for example, the production of TAG prevailing in seed cells or cutin unlocked in epidermal cells.…”

Section: Metabolism Of C18 Unsaturated Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant Unsaturated Fatty Acids: Multiple Roles in Stress Response

2020

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Land plants are exposed to not only biotic stresses such as pathogen infection and herbivore wounding, but abiotic stresses such as cold, heat, drought, and salt. Elaborate strategies have been developed to avoid or abide the adverse effects, with unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) emerging as general defenders. In higher plants, the most common UFAs are three 18-carbon species, namely, oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2), and a-linolenic (18:3) acids. These simple compounds act as ingredients and modulators of cellular membranes in glycerolipids, reserve of carbon and energy in triacylglycerol, stocks of extracellular barrier constituents (e.g., cutin and suberin), precursors of various bioactive molecules (e.g., jasmonates and nitroalkenes), and regulators of stress signaling. Nevertheless, they are also potential inducers of oxidative stress. In this review, we will present an overview of these roles and then shed light on genetic engineering of FA synthetic genes for improving plant/crop stress tolerance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metabolism Of C18 Unsaturated Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Unsaturated Fatty Acids: Multiple Roles in Stress Response

2020

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“…htACC consists of four separate proteins, BC, BCCP, and CT, which is a heterodimer with α and β subunits. The majority of plants require both types of ACCase, localizing htACC in plastids and hmACC in the cytosol [ 31 ]. The MCAT enzyme catalyzes formation of malonyl-ACP from malonyl-CoA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High Temperature Environment Regulates the Olive Oil Biosynthesis Network

Nissim

Shlosberg

Biton

et al. 2020

Plants

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Climate change has been shown to have a substantial impact on agriculture and high temperatures and heat stress are known to have many negative effects on the vegetative and reproductive phases of plants. In a previous study, we addressed the effects of high temperature environments on olive oil yield and quality, by comparing the fruit development and oil accumulation and quality of five olive cultivars placed in high temperature and moderate temperature environments. The aim of the current study was to explore the molecular mechanism resulting in the negative effect of a high temperature environment on oil quantity and quality. We analyzed the transcriptome of two extreme cultivars, ‘Barnea’, which is tolerant to high temperatures in regard to quantity of oil production, but sensitive regarding its quality, and ‘Souri’, which is heat sensitive regarding quantity of oil produced, but relatively tolerant regarding its quality. Transcriptome analyses have been carried out at three different time points during fruit development, focusing on the genes involved in the oil biosynthesis pathway. We found that heat-shock protein expression was induced by the high temperature environment, but the degree of induction was cultivar dependent. The ‘Barnea’ cultivar, whose oil production showed greater tolerance to high temperatures, exhibited a larger degree of induction than the heat sensitive ‘Souri’. On the other hand, many genes involved in olive oil biosynthesis were found to be repressed as a response to high temperatures. OePDCT as well as OeFAD2 genes showed cultivar dependent expression patterns according to their heat tolerance characteristics. The transcription factors OeDof4.3, OeWRI1.1, OeDof4.4 and OeWRI1.2 were identified as key factors in regulating the oil biosynthesis pathway in response to heat stress, based on their co-expression characteristics with other genes involved in this pathway. Our results may contribute to identifying or developing a more heat tolerant cultivar, which will be able to produce high yield and quality oil in a future characterized by global warming.

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“…Apart from this, ABA does have another important role, namely it is involved in the regulation of the unsaturated fatty acids biosynthesis in plants [ 12 ]. Accordingly, it was hypothesized that ABA may activate SnRK2 and FUS3 and suppress PhyB (for details see the very recent review by He et al [ 13 ]). A cluster of CBF genes are located in the frost resistance 2 locus (Fr-A2) on the long arm of chromosome 5A [ 14 , 15 , 16 ] in wheat and barley, and therefore they were postulated to be responsible for freezing tolerance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased R:FR Ratio in Incident White Light Affects the Composition of Barley Leaf Lipidome and Freezing Tolerance in a Temperature-Dependent Manner

Kovács

Ahres

Pálmai

et al. 2020

IJMS

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In cereals, C-repeat binding factor genes have been defined as key components of the light quality-dependent regulation of frost tolerance by integrating phytochrome-mediated light and temperature signals. This study elucidates the differences in the lipid composition of barley leaves illuminated with white light or white light supplemented with far-red light at 5 or 15 °C. According to LC-MS analysis, far-red light supplementation increased the amount of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol species 36:6, 36:5, and 36:4 after 1 day at 5 °C, and 10 days at 15 °C resulted in a perturbed content of 38:6 species. Changes were observed in the levels of phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylserine under white light supplemented with far-red light illumination at 15 °C, whereas robust changes were observed in the amount of several phosphatidylserine species at 5 °C. At 15 °C, the amount of some phosphatidylglycerol species increased as a result of white light supplemented with far-red light illumination after 1 day. The ceramide (42:2)-3 content increased regardless of the temperature. The double-bond index of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine ceramide together with total double-bond index changed when the plant was grown at 15 °C as a function of white light supplemented with far-red light. white light supplemented with far-red light increased the monogalactosyldiacylglycerol/diacylglycerol ratio as well. The gene expression changes are well correlated with the alterations in the lipidome.

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Plant Unsaturated Fatty Acids: Biosynthesis and Regulation

Cited by 167 publications

References 142 publications

Plant Unsaturated Fatty Acids: Multiple Roles in Stress Response

Plant Unsaturated Fatty Acids: Multiple Roles in Stress Response

A High Temperature Environment Regulates the Olive Oil Biosynthesis Network

Decreased R:FR Ratio in Incident White Light Affects the Composition of Barley Leaf Lipidome and Freezing Tolerance in a Temperature-Dependent Manner

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