Plant traits, biotopes and urbanization dynamics explain the survival of endangered urban plant populations

Planchuelo, Greg; Kowarik, Ingo; Lippe, Moritz von der

doi:10.1111/1365-2664.13661

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Although these species occurred only in one or two gardens and their populations were small, it demonstrates the potential of urban gardens as a space for rare and endangered species of agricultural and rural areas. While population survival of endangered plant species is challenging in many urban habitats, greenspaces in Berlin have been shown to harbor established populations of some endangered species of ruderal areas (Planchuelo et al 2020). In community gardens, these plants could also benefit from organic cultivation and avoidance of herbicides, which was also documented in studies of organic and conventionally managed fields (Gabriel et al 2006;Salonen et al 2011;Rydberg and Milberg 2012;Albrecht et al 2016).…”

Section: High Diversity Of Cultivated and Wild Growing Plant Species ...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Land sharing between cultivated and wild plants: urban gardens as hotspots for plant diversity in cities

et al. 2022

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Plant communities in urban gardens consist of cultivated species, including ornamentals and food crops, and wild growing species. Yet it remains unclear what significance urban gardens have for the plant diversity in cities and how the diversity of cultivated and wild plants depends on the level of urbanization. We sampled plants growing within 18 community gardens in Berlin, Germany to investigate the species diversity of cultivated and wild plants. We tested species diversity in relation to local and landscape-scale imperviousness as a measure of urbanity, and we investigated the relationship between cultivated and wild plant species within the gardens. We found that numbers of wild and cultivated plant species in gardens are high – especially of wild plant species – independent of landscape-scale imperviousness. This suggests that all community gardens, regardless of their urban contexts, can be important habitats for plant diversity along with their role in urban food provision. However, the number of all species was negatively predicted by local garden scale imperviousness, suggesting an opportunity to reduce imperviousness and create more habitats for plants at the garden scale. Finally, we found a positive relationship between the number of cultivated and wild growing species, which emphasizes that community gardens present a unique urban ecosystem where land sharing between cultivated and wild flora can transpire. As the urban agriculture movement is flourishing worldwide with gardens continuously and spontaneously arising and dissipating due to urban densification, such botanical investigations can support the argument that gardens are places for the reconciliation of plant conservation and food production.

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Section: High Diversity Of Cultivated and Wild Growing Plant Species ...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Land sharing between cultivated and wild plants: urban gardens as hotspots for plant diversity in cities

et al. 2022

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“…A study by Planchuelo et al (2020) on the impact of urbanization dynamics on endangered plant species in Berlin also showed that 36% of endangered plant species were locally extinct within 10 years with increase of PTIA. In contrast, the results of this study showed that PTIA had a positive impact on the overall plant diversity of all scale URHs in the range of 100-1600 m. In addition, the effects of PTIA on plant diversity at different levels of URH of different sizes were signi cantly different in the range of 100-1700m (for example, tree diversity of large and medium-sized URHs was negatively correlated with PTIA, while shrub diversity was positively correlated).…”

Section: Ptia and Plant Diversity At Various Levels Of Urhmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It might be the time-delay effects of fragmentation on plant diversity in the remnant habitats. Generally, remnant habitats with larger areas, better landscape connectivity, and long-lived species, might need a longer time to response to fragmentation, while those with smaller areas might have a quick response in shouter time to fragmentation (Planchuelo, et al, 2020). The rapid development of urbanization in Guiyang began almost 30 years ago, so it is not clear to what extent and spatial scale the overall plant diversity of large and medium-sized URHs would be affected by fragmentation.…”

Section: Fi and Plant Diversity At Different Levels Of Urhsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peng et al (2019) found that, during the urbanization process, landscape units with a radius of 600-700 m and different land uses had the most appropriate spatial scale range for the conservation of native plant diversity in the study on the optimal landscape pattern for the conservation of native plant diversity in Shunyi District, Beijing. Planchuelo et al (2020) analysed urban matrix characteristics (e.g., impervious surface area, average oor area) within a 500-m radius around endangered plant species in Berlin, Germany, and revealed the negative impact of urbanization dynamics in Berlin (increase in the impervious surface) on the survival of endangered plant species. Although studies have revealed the potential relationships between some urbanization indicators/predictors and urban biodiversity patterns at different spatial scales, there is no uni ed and optimal methodological indicator to measure and evaluate the impact of urbanization development on urban biodiversity in all regions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Urban Matrix on Plant Diversity of Urban Remnant Mountains in Karst Area: A Case Study of Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China.

Tang

Wang

Yanhua

et al. 2021

Preprint

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With the rapid development of urbanization, large numbers of cone-shaped or tower-shaped isolated peaks and peak forest were surrounded by a human-dominated urban matrix in the process of urban expansion in Karst areas,forming urban remnant hills (URHs), which are important resources of indigenous plant diversity from the urban environment in these areas.Although the studies on urban plant diversity have been extensive, studies on the plant diversity of the remnant habitats, especially those based on URHs,is very weak.In this study, a total of 143 sample plots were set up on 15 hills based on the combination of slope direction and elevation.Alpha diversity was calculated at four levels, i.e.,tree,shrub,herb and whole plant.Four urban matrix characteristic indices,namely,percent total impervious surface area (PTIA),land use,vegetation coverage (VC) and fragmentation indices (FIs),were measured for each hill.Twenty scales, ranging from 100 m to 2000 m and with increasing steps of 100 m,were used as spatial scales.Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression model were used to study the relationship between URHs plant diversity indices and urban matrix indices.The results showed the following:(1)There was a significant positive correlation between the overall plant diversity of URHs of different sizes and PTIA in the surrounding urban matrix within 1600 m.The overall plant diversity of URHs of different scales was significantly correlated with single or multiple Land-use types.There was no significant correlation between VC,FI and URHs overall plant diversity.(2)There was a significant linear relationship between plant diversity at all levels of different scales URHs and the four urban matrix indices.In addition to the small URHs herbaceous diversity,plant diversity at all levels of URHs was jointly affected by double or multiple factors at the 1800 m spatial scale. plant diversity of URHs of different scales in hilly Karst cities are extremely complex under the combined action of multiple factors and multiple scales.

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“…Different urban drivers contribute to plant traits selection (Williams et al 2009, 2015) and challenge plant recruitment (Piana et al 2019). For example, habitat transformation and fragmentation as well as novel urban ecosystems modulate the establishment and long‐term survival of plant species (Kowarik and von der Lippe 2018, Planchuelo et al 2020). Furthermore, fragmentation of urban environments can lead to a loss of species that require large habitats (Beninde et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urbanisation modulates the attractiveness of plant communities to pollinators by filtering for floral traits

Cabon

Kracht

Seitz

et al. 2022

Oikos

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Urbanisation is known to change biodiversity patterns and plant-animal interactions such as pollination -a key ecological process. Floral traits like colour, size or UV-patterns are essential attractors for many pollinators. It is largely unknown, though, how the distribution of such floral traits within plant communities changes along an urbanisation gradient.This study aims to understand to which extent floral traits known to attract pollinators are filtered by urban environments. We used dry grassland, spanning a broad urbanisation gradient in the Berlin metropolitan area, Germany, as a model ecosystem and identified the distribution of plant traits related to bee-perceived flower colours, UV reflection and flower size in 47 grassland patches. We analysed how these traits were related to abiotic and biotic factors at different spatial scales.The most influent predictor was an abiotic factor measured at the landscape scale: the proportion of impervious surface, found to be positively related to UV-reflectance strength and floral UV patterns, but negatively to floral size diversity. At the local scale, abiotic factors showed an intermediary number of relationships. Temperature was negatively associated with the bee-colour 'green + UV-green' and with flower size. The light environment was negatively related to the same bee-colour and to floral size diversity. Biotic factors related to local pollinator communities were less important: species richness was negatively related to flower size, while proportion of bees to floral sizes diversity.This study shows that floral traits known to attract pollinators are mostly filtered by abiotic factors related to urbanisation (share of impervious surface) or the urban heat island (local temperature). Biotic factors related to local pollinator communities were less important. These results increase our functional understanding of plant-animal interactions in cities by illustrating how urban environments modulate the attractiveness of plant communities to pollinators by filtering for floral plant traits.

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Plant traits, biotopes and urbanization dynamics explain the survival of endangered urban plant populations

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 15 publications

References 59 publications

Land sharing between cultivated and wild plants: urban gardens as hotspots for plant diversity in cities

Land sharing between cultivated and wild plants: urban gardens as hotspots for plant diversity in cities

Effects of Urban Matrix on Plant Diversity of Urban Remnant Mountains in Karst Area: A Case Study of Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China.

Urbanisation modulates the attractiveness of plant communities to pollinators by filtering for floral traits

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