Plant stress activated by chlorine from disinfectants prepared on the base of sodium hypochlorite

Abstract

In this study, the phytotoxicity of disinfectants prepared on the base of sodium hypochlorite was determined. For our tests two commercial products, Savo and Dom Amor, as well as 10% NaClO solution were used. While Savo contained only NaClO, Dom Amor contained NaClO and earthworm enzymes. Products on the base of NaClO are used in households for cleaning and disinfection of floors, furniture, sanitary and kitchen equipment. Savo may be used for the disinfection of drinking waters as well. Products with NaClO are also used for bacteria, algae and pathogens reduction in irrigation waters. As a subject, young seedlings of mustard Sinapis alba L. were used for the study of chronic toxicity. The observed parameters of the inhibition of roots and shoots growth, dry (DM) and fresh (FM) mass as well as photosynthetic pigments production (chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids) and water content in the plants were determined. The results point out that Dom Amor was the most toxic for S. alba seedlings growth and the rank order of the FAC contents for both plant parts was arranged as: Dom Amor > Savo > NaClO. All disinfectants reduced the DM and FM of roots; however, they stimulated biomass production in the shoots. On the basis of the obtained results it could be concluded, that disinfectants stimulated photosynthetic pigments production and reduced water content mainly in the roots. Dom Amor did not significantly reduced the water content in the shoots and for this parameter the following rank orders of inhibition for roots and shoots could be arranged as NaClO > Dom Amor > Savo and NaClO > Savo > Dom Amor, respectively. All commercial products increased chlorophyll a (Chla) and the carotenoids (Car) content in the shoots. As significant increase was confirmed first for Chla whose content in the presence of NaClO at concentration 24 mL/L overextended that in the control by 3.5 times. The rank orders of stimulation for Chla and Car were NaClO > Savo > Dom Amor and Dom Amor > NaClO > Savo, respectively.

Establishment of an In Vitro Micropropagation Protocol for Hibiscus moscheutos L. ‘Berry Awesome’

“…In this case, a relatively low percentage of sterile and surviving microbeads was recorded. Chlorine-containing drugs often exhibit phytotoxicity [25]. The maximum effect of sterilization was achieved with the use of hydrogen peroxide in the E96H38W5 variant.…”

Effect of calcium hypochlorite on surface sterilization and seedling growth of Vietnamese coconut varieties

“…The intake process influences fluxes and accumulation of the chlorine in the plants and its distribution within the plants. The fluxes across membranes and between tissues limit growth and water translocation in the plants as well as interfere with photosynthesis through inhibition of photosynthetic pigment production (Fargašová, 2017). In addition, it has been shown that a chlorine cover has been formed during hypochlorite disinfection of rice seeds and this artifact could not be eliminated simply by rinsing the seeds, even thoroughly, with sterile distilled water.…”