Plant Sterol Ester of <i>α</i>-Linolenic Acid Attenuates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Rescuing the Adaption to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Enhancing Mitochondrial Biogenesis

Han, Hao; Guo, Yan; Li, Xiaoyü; Shi, Dongxing; Xue, Tingli; Wang, Linqi; Li, Yanyan; Zheng, Mingming

doi:10.1155/2019/8294141

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, the triglyceride levels of the omega lard-fed group were similar to those of the control group. The ALA in omega-3-rich pork lard, when used as a dietary ingredient, might reduce the levels of serum lipid at a higher magnitude compared with the ALA in coconut oil [ 20 , 21 ]. Similar results were reported in several preclinical trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Omega-3-Rich Pork Lard on Serum Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiome in C57BL/6NJ Mice

Koontanatechanon

Wongphatcharachai

Nonthabenjawan

et al. 2022

International Journal of Food Science

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Background and Aims. Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. This study is aimed at investigating the effects of consuming omega-3-rich pork lard on the serum lipid profile and gut microbiome of the mice model. Methods and Results. We divided 23 C57BL/6NJ males (16-week-old) into 3 groups, and each group received either a control diet, a high-fat diet of coconut oil (coconut oil), or a high-fat diet of omega-3-rich pork lard (omega lard) for 28 days. Thereafter, fasting serum lipids and fecal microbiomes were analyzed. The serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL levels of the omega lard-treated group were significantly reduced compared to the coconut oil-treated group ( P < 0.05 ). However, the microbiome analysis revealed a significant increase in the abundance of Lachnospiraceae in the omega lard-treated group compared to the coconut oil-treated group ( P < 0.05 ). Furthermore, Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that the increased serum lipid content was positively correlated with the abundance of Bacteroidaceae ( P < 0.05 ) and negatively correlated with the abundance of Lachnospiraceae ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusions. These findings suggested that omega-3-rich pork lard altered the serum lipid profile and gut microbiome in the mice model. Practical Application. The excellent protection offered by omega-3-rich pork lard against hyperlipidemia indicated that pork lard could be used as alternative cooking oil for health-conscious individuals. It could also be introduced as a functional ingredient for patients with hyperlipidemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Omega-3-Rich Pork Lard on Serum Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiome in C57BL/6NJ Mice

Koontanatechanon

Wongphatcharachai

Nonthabenjawan

et al. 2022

International Journal of Food Science

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“…In a study conducted by Hao Han et al on laboratory animals receiving a high fat and high cholesterol diet, administration of plant sterol ester of α-linolenic acid (PS-ALA) decreased liver size and body mass index, significantly improved liver tissue degradation, reduced oxidative stress, inhibited Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein (Srebp) pathway activation, ameliorated lipid metabolism and thus intracellular fat accumulation, as well as inflammatory reaction (IL-1β, IL-18) and hepatocytolysis. The authors concluded that supplementation with PS-ALA leads to improvement of β-oxidation of fatty acids, by inhibiting ROS overproduction and enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis, which means it plays an important role in improvement of NAFLD [ 47 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Phytosterols In Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Phytosterols in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

et al. 2022

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is now recognized as the most common cause of chronic liver disease with an increasing prevalence in both adults and children. Although the symptoms are absent or poorly expressed in most cases, some patients may progress to end-stage liver disease. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is known to be multifactorial. Current therapeutic recommendations focus on lifestyle changes in order to reduce the incidence of risk factors and drugs targeting major molecular pathways potentially involved in the development of this disease. Given that a pharmacological treatment, completely safe and effective, is not currently known in recent years more research has been done on the effects that some bio-active natural compounds, derived from plants, have in preventing the onset and progression of NAFLD. Numerous studies, in animals and humans, have shown that phytosterols (PSs) play an important role in this pathology. Phytosterols are natural products that are found naturally in plant. More than 250 phytosterols have been identified, but the most common in the diet are stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, and campesterol. Consumption of dietary PSs can reduce serum cholesterol levels. Due to these properties, most studies have focused on their action on lipid metabolism and the evolution of NAFLD. PSs may reduce steatosis, cytotoxicity oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the importance of dietary phytosterols, which are a window of opportunity in the therapeutic management of NAFLD.

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“…Alpha-linolenic acid ester of plant sterols (PS-ALA) is a derivative of alphalinolenic acid that improves mitochondrial function and oxidative stress and exerts a protective effect against NAFLD [37]. In vivo experiments showed that alpha-linolenic acid was effective in alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress and improving mitochondrial function, thereby improving NAFLD [38]. e alleviation of oxidative stress by the JGXZ formula may be related to alpha-linolenic acid metabolism.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Study of Jian-Gan-Xiao-Zhi Decoction on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on Integrated Network Pharmacology and Untargeted Metabolomics

Cao

Zhao

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Jian-Gan-Xiao-Zhi decoction (JGXZ) has demonstrated beneﬁcial eﬀects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the mechanisms by which JGXZ improve NAFLD are still unclear. Methods. In this study, we first used a high-fat diet (HFD) to establish a NAFLD rat model to clarify the therapeutic effect of JGXZ on NAFLD. Secondly, we used network pharmacology to predict the potential targets of JGXZ on NAFLD, and then the key targets obtained from network pharmacology were verified. Finally, we used untargeted metabolomics to study the metabolic regulatory mechanism of JGXZ. Results. JGXZ treatment could decrease body weight and ameliorate dyslipidemia in NAFLD model rats. H&E and oil red O staining indicated that JGXZ reduced steatosis and inﬁltration of inﬂammatory cells in the liver. In addition, network pharmacology research found that the potential targets of JGXZ on NAFLD pathway were mainly associated with improving oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, lipid metabolism disorders, and insulin resistance. Further experimental verification confirmed that JGXZ could inhibit inflammation and improve oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and lipid metabolism disorders. Serum untargeted metabolomics analyses indicated that the JGXZ in the treatment of NAFLD may work through the linoleic acid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways. Conclusions. In conclusion, this study found that JGXZ has an ameliorative effect on NAFLD, and JGXZ alleviates the inflammatory response and oxidative stress and lipid metabolism disorders in NAFLD rats. The mechanism of action of JGXZ in the treatment of NAFLD may be related to the regulation of linoleic acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism.

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Plant Sterol Ester of α-Linolenic Acid Attenuates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Rescuing the Adaption to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Enhancing Mitochondrial Biogenesis

Cited by 9 publications

References 52 publications

Effects of Omega-3-Rich Pork Lard on Serum Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiome in C57BL/6NJ Mice

Effects of Omega-3-Rich Pork Lard on Serum Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiome in C57BL/6NJ Mice

The Role of Phytosterols in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Mechanical Study of Jian-Gan-Xiao-Zhi Decoction on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on Integrated Network Pharmacology and Untargeted Metabolomics

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