Plant Sterol-Enriched Margarine Lowers Plasma LDL in Hyperlipidemic Subjects with low Cholesterol Intake: Effect of Fibrate Treatment

Nigon, Fabienne; Serfaty-Lacrosnière, Catherine; Beucler, I.; Chauvois, Dominique; Neveu, Carol; Giral, Philippe; Chapman, M. John; Bruckert, Éric

doi:10.1515/cclm.2001.103

Cited by 67 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The three other studies showed appreciable reduction of total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in association with the use of spreads enriched with plant sterols or stanols. The order of magnitude of the changes in the two Finnish studies Hallikainen et al, 2000) appeared slightly greater than that observed in the present study; the findings in the American (Maki et al, 2001) and French studies (Nigon, 2001) being virtually identical to our own data.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Only five of the many studies that have examined the effects of plant sterols or stanols on lipids and lipoproteins have been carried out in the context of diets relatively low in total and saturated fatty acids (Denke, 1995;Hallikainen et al, 2000;Maki et al, 2001;Nigon, 2001). The first of these reported no effect on total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, the author concluding that the hydrogenated plant sterol, sitostanol, probably had little effect when used in a diet low in cholesterol (Denke, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fat content of the diets used in these studies has been, in the vast majority of cases, considerably higher ( > 35% of energy) than would be recommended for individuals on cholesterollowering diets. Furthermore, in the few studies where low-fat diets ( 30% of energy) have been used the cholesterollowering effect of plants sterols has been variable (5.2 -10.6%; Denke, 1995;Hallikainen et al, 2000;Maki et al, 2001;Nigon, 2001), with no significant change reported in one study (Denke, 1995). In the two studies Hallikainen et al, 2000) that showed the largest decrease in serum cholesterol concentrations, participants adhered to diets that were highly prescribed rather than self-selected, as they would be outside a research setting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant sterol-enriched spread enhances the cholesterol-lowering potential of a fat-reduced diet

et al. 2003

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Objective: To determine the effect of a plant sterol-enriched spread on plasma cholesterol concentrations when replacing butter or a standard polyunsaturated spread in a diet containing 30% of energy fat. Design: Parallel butter phase followed by double-blind, randomized, cross-over polyunsaturated spread phases. Setting: General community. Subjects: Volunteer sample of 50 free-living men and women with mean age (s.d.) 46.7 y (10.5), moderately elevated plasma total cholesterol 5.95 mmol=l (0.78), and body mass index 26.0 (3.9) kg=m 2 . Intervention: Participants ate a moderately low-fat diet (30% of energy) for the 11-week intervention. During the first 3 weeks the diet included 20 g per day of butter. Participants were then randomized to replace the butter with 25 g of polyunsaturated spread with or without 2 g of plant sterols for 4 weeks, crossing over in the last 4 weeks to the alternate spread. Main outcome measures: Plasma cholesterol and fatty acids. Results: Replacing butter with a standard polyunsaturated fat spread reduced mean plasma total cholesterol concentrations by 4.6% (from 6.09 (0.82) to 5.81 (0.77) mmol=l, P < 0.01) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by 5.5% (from 3.98 (0.76) to 3.76 (0.74) mmol=l, P < 0.05). Replacing butter with a polyunsaturated spread containing plant sterols reduced plasma total cholesterol by 8.9% (from 6.09 (0.82) to 5.55 (0.76) mmol=l, P < 0.01) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol by 12.3% (from 3.98 (0.76) to 3.49 (0.72) mmol=l, P < 0.01). Plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was the same on the three diets. Conclusion: In people with moderately raised plasma cholesterol concentrations consuming reduced-fat diets the reduction in plasma total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations achieved by replacing butter with a polyunsaturated spread is enhanced by addition of plant sterols. Sponsorship: Partially funded by a grant to the University of

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant sterol-enriched spread enhances the cholesterol-lowering potential of a fat-reduced diet

et al. 2003

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“…Statins and Fiberates. These studies showed that phytosterol and stanol esters can be used safely, to provide an additional cholesterol lowering effect to that of the medication alone (Neil et al, 2001;Nigon et al, 2001). Since then, a large number of clinical studies with phytosterols have been conducted.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Action and Health Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytosterol and its esters as novel food ingredients: A review

Chawla

Sivakumar

Goel

2016

AJDFR

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Phytosterols or stanols are large group of compounds found exclusively in plants. These are naturally present in plants and are structurally similar to cholesterol. A daily intake of 3 g of phytosterol (or their reduced form stanols) is associated with consistent and reproducible reduction in LDL cholesterol concentrations upto 10% and reduces the risk of coronary heart disease by 20% over a lifetime. Studies have concluded that the effective doses for reduction of cholesterol are between 1.5 and 3g/day, leading to decrease in 8% and 15% of LDL-cholesterol. The principal mechanism of action is based on interference with the solubilization of the cholesterol in the intestinal mucosa. Several studies have validated the cholesterol lowering effect of phytosterols and stanols along with its role in prevention of coronary heart diseases. Plant sterols and stanols appear to be unhazardous to health in a large number of human studies and no evidence of toxicity even at high dose levels has been reported. Changing lifestyle, constant stress and risk towards various diseases have necessitated the need of such vital neutraceuticals to be incorporated in diet and daily food items. Such new foods and formulations should pave the way for greater use of phytosterols in heart health promotion, increasing the long term potential for the creation of innovative functional foods containing plant sterols and their derivatives.

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“…115 Phytosterol combination with fibrates has been examined as a therapeutic option to simultaneously lower triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels, but results have been mixed. In one study, the addition of phytosterols to fibrate therapy lowered LDL cholesterol an additional 10%, 116 whereas combination therapy in another study showed no additional reductions. 117 In an uncontrolled, serial treatment study, seven children with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia were treated in sequence with a low-cholesterol diet, followed by treatment with 2 g/d phytosterols, then fibrates alone, and finally a phytosterol-fibrate half-dose combination.…”

Section: Fibratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol-lowering phytosterols: factors affecting their use and efficacy

Carr¹

2010

NDS

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Phytosterols are essential components of plant cells and therefore naturally present in the human diet. When used therapeutically, phytosterols can significantly lower serum cholesterol concentrations. Meta-analyses of clinical trials indicate about 10% reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol when phytosterols are consumed at the recommended dose of 2 g/d. Thus, phytosterols can be an important part of an overall dietary strategy to manage cholesterol levels, particularly for patients who cannot tolerate cholesterol-lowering drugs. Although other health benefits have been attributed to phytosterols, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and immune regulatory effects, this review will focus on the therapeutic use of phytosterols related to serum cholesterol, their mechanisms of action, and the various types of phytosterols available to consumers.

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Plant Sterol-Enriched Margarine Lowers Plasma LDL in Hyperlipidemic Subjects with low Cholesterol Intake: Effect of Fibrate Treatment

Cited by 67 publications

References 32 publications

Plant sterol-enriched spread enhances the cholesterol-lowering potential of a fat-reduced diet

Plant sterol-enriched spread enhances the cholesterol-lowering potential of a fat-reduced diet

Phytosterol and its esters as novel food ingredients: A review

Cholesterol-lowering phytosterols: factors affecting their use and efficacy

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