Plant species effects on soil nematode communities in experimental grasslands

Viketoft, Maria; Palmborg, Cecilia; Sohlenius, Björn; Huss‐Danell, Kerstin; Bengtsson, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.007

Cited by 166 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In autumn 2001, monocultures of eight nonleguminous grassland plants representing two functional plant groups were grown in microcosms (diameter, 20 cm; depth, 100 cm) under ambient environmental conditions in the Ecological Botanical Garden of the University of Bayreuth. Functional plant groups have been defined in the past, in many cases according to morphological traits (31,41,55). In the present study two functional plant groups, grasses and forbs, were assigned due to their different root systems.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of Plant Functional Group, Plant Species, and Sampling Time on the Composition of nirK -Type Denitrifier Communities in Soil

Bremer

Braker

Matthies

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

137

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We studied the influence of eight nonleguminous grassland plant species belonging to two functional groups (grasses and forbs) on the composition of soil denitrifier communities in experimental microcosms over two consecutive years. Denitrifier community composition was analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) of PCR-amplified nirK gene fragments coding for the copper-containing nitrite reductase. The impact of experimental factors (plant functional group, plant species, sampling time, and interactions between them) on the structure of soil denitrifier communities (i.e., T-RFLP patterns) was analyzed by canonical correspondence analysis. While the functional group of a plant did not affect nirK-type denitrifier communities, plant species identity did influence their composition. This effect changed with sampling time, indicating community changes due to seasonal conditions and a development of the plants in the microcosms. Differences in total soil nitrogen and carbon, soil pH, and root biomass were observed at the end of the experiment. However, statistical analysis revealed that the plants affected the nirK-type denitrifier community composition directly, e.g., through root exudates. Assignment of abundant T-RFs to cloned nirK sequences from the soil and subsequent phylogenetic analysis indicated a dominance of yet-unknown nirK genotypes and of genes related to nirK from denitrifiers of the order Rhizobiales. In conclusion, individual species of nonleguminous plants directly influenced the composition of denitrifier communities in soil, but environmental conditions had additional significant effects.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of Plant Functional Group, Plant Species, and Sampling Time on the Composition of nirK -Type Denitrifier Communities in Soil

Bremer

Braker

Matthies

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

137

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show abstract

“…The below ground part of the main stem and roots were cut into 1 cm pieces and the tubers were divided into four pieces and placed skin side down. The sieves were placed in Baermann funnels, and the nematodes were extracted for 24 h, heat-killed and fixated in formalin (Viketoft et al 2005). The number of nematodes was estimated in the suspensions from each extraction under low magnification (50×) and expressed as number of nematodes per gram dry weight of each plant part or per gram dry soil.…”

Section: Nematode Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivar Effects on the Interaction between Free-Living Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and the Fungal Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in Potato

2017

Self Cite

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Crop damage is associated with infection by plant pathogens but can also arise through abiotic factors. However, the plant pathogens are involved in biotic interactions with other plant pathogens, and these interactions may differ depending of the cultivar of the crop. Here, the interaction between the fungus Rhizoctonia solani (AG3) and free-living plant-parasitic nematodes was investigated in a pot experiment with different potato cultivars. No synergistic interaction between R. solani and plant-parasitic nematodes was found, instead there was an effect of treatment with lower tuber yield when nematodes occurred alone. There were differences among the cultivars regarding incidence of black scurf, dry weight of stems and tubers, and there was interactive effects between treatment and cultivar regarding dry weight of stolons and roots. Therefore, results concerning incidence and damage of R. solani and/or plant-parasitic nematodes found for one cultivar may not be applicable to other cultivars.Resumen El daño en el cultivo se asocia con infección por fitopatógenos, pero también puede surgir a través de factores abióticos. No obstante, los patógenos de plantas están involucrados en interacciones bióticas con otros patógenos, y estas interacciones pudieran diferir dependiendo de la variedad del cultivo. Aquí, se investigó la interacción entre el hongo Rhizoctonia solani (AG3) y nematodos fitoparásitos de vida libre en un experimento en macetas con diferentes variedades de papa. No se encontró una interacción sinergística entre R. solani y los nematodos fitoparásitos, en cambio, hubo un efecto de tratamiento con rendimiento más bajo de tubérculo cuando los nematodos estaban solos. Hubo diferencias entre variedades en relación a la incidencia de costra negra, peso seco de los tallos y los tubérculos, y hubo efectos interactivos entre tratamiento y variedad en relación al peso seco de los estolones y las raíces. De aquí que los resultados concernientes a la incidencia y daño de R. solani y/o nematodos fitoparásitos que se encontraron para una variedad pudieran no ser aplicables a otras.

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“…It is well known that different plant species can associate with microbial communities with unique characteristics [26,27]. Coexisting species promoted constructive species' growth by changing soil pH, increasing soil ash, and nutrition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Water Deficit on Growth of Two Tree Species Seedlings in Changbai Mountains of Northeast China

Yang¹,

Ji²

2015

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Plants are continuously exposed to environmental stimuli that influence development and growth, and determine productivity. Water deficit occurs when the rate of transpiration exceeds water uptake, and is a component of several different stresses-including drought, salinity, and low temperature. The ability of the whole plant to respond and survive depends on whole-plant mechanisms [1]. The response depends on the species and genotype, the length and severity of water loss, the age and stage of development, organ and cell type, and the subcellular compartment [2]. Resistance to water deficit occurs when a plant withstands the imposed stress, and may arise from either tolerance or a mechanism that permits avoidance of the situation. Wholeplant mechanisms can contribute to the avoidance of water deficit during the plant's life cycle. The determination of the function of an observed response is one of the most complex issues in plant stress biology. In trying to understand responses to stresses involving a water deficit component, many genes induced by periods of water deficit have been identified and characterized [3][4][5]. In an unfavorable environment, plants must withstand multiple abiotic and biotic stresses, and a response observed during one type of stress may in fact have a role in the amelioration of another condition [6].A better understanding of the dynamics of forests under various climate conditions is important to address the mainPol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 24, No. 2 (2015), 787-791 Original Research Effects of Water Deficit on Growth of Two AbstractTo understand how temperate coexisting tree species respond to water deficit, the seedlings of two coexisting species, Phellodendron amurense Rupr. And Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr., were transplanted into plastic flowerpots. Three water deficit treatments were used, W1 (60-90% field moisture capacity), W2 (40-60% field moisture capacity), and naturally occurring precipitation (CK), with the aim of investigating the effects of water deficit on the growth of seedlings and competition between them. The result showed that the relative height and diameter of the P. amurense seedlings decreased in the control groups (CP, single P. amurense seedling; CF, single F. mandshurica seedling) but increased in the mixed groups (one P. amurense seedling and one F. mandshurica seedling together) with the water deficit. The water deficit affected the plants by altering the growth of the seedlings and competition between the two species. It was shown that there were greater negative effects on P. amurense due to the manufactured water deficit than on F. mandshurica.

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Plant species effects on soil nematode communities in experimental grasslands

Cited by 166 publications

References 35 publications

Impact of Plant Functional Group, Plant Species, and Sampling Time on the Composition of nirK -Type Denitrifier Communities in Soil

Impact of Plant Functional Group, Plant Species, and Sampling Time on the Composition of nirK -Type Denitrifier Communities in Soil

Cultivar Effects on the Interaction between Free-Living Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and the Fungal Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in Potato

Effects of Water Deficit on Growth of Two Tree Species Seedlings in Changbai Mountains of Northeast China

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