Plant Regeneration through Callus Cultures from Leaf Explant of Sumatra Benzoin (Styrax benzoin)

Abstract

Micropropagation of Sumatra Benzoin is potential to provide good-quality seed for future preservation of the forest and improve the incense sap production. The production of Styrax plants is currently limited by the availability of seed. This research demonstrated the micropropagation of Sumatra Benzoin (Styrax benzoin Dryander), producing good-quality saplings that could be used for obtaining nontimber forest products. Elite mother plant was selected and used as a source of explants. Identification of healthy trees was carried out based on the phenotype criteria, and the selection of a mother plant was performed through information on the quality and quantity production of incense sap. Micropropagation started from callus induction in young leaves followed by subculture to obtain regeneration of shoots and roots. The combination of NAA and BAP in the culture media greatly affected the growth and development of callus, shoots, and roots. The use of 3 mg/L NAA and 3 mg/L NAA rendered the heaviest calli. Shoots were regenerated with 0.5 mg/L NAA and 3.0 mg/L BAP, and the highest growth of roots was obtained by using of 3.0 mg/ NAA without BAP. This research reports the first in vitro propagation technique for Styrax benzoin. Further research is underway to obtain very good-quality plant saplings to be used for forest conservation and to increase the production of incense sap as a nontimber forest commodity.

Picloram enhanced the callus induction, growth kinetics, antioxidant potentials, and secondary metabolites production of Zingiber officinale var. rubrum callus cultures

“…Browning of Z. officinale var. rubrum leaf explants could have been caused by endogenous polyphenols content (Nurwahyuni et al, 2020) or phytotoxic nature of picloram contributed by increased mobility and persistent within the cells (Lemma et al, 2019). Miri…”

Indirect Shoot Organogenesis from the Leaf Explants of Oxalis corniculata (L.) - An Important Medicinal Plant

“…More number of shoots were regenerated from the callus by using MS medium with BAP and IBA (Yeasmin et al 2022). NAA and BAP has induced maximum amount of callus from the leaf explant and effiecient development of shoots and roots were produced in a timber plant Styrax benzoin (Nurwahyuni et al 2020). Similarly, callus induction from a leaf explants of Ruta graveolens L was achieved by using MS medium with 10 µM concentration of 2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4, 5-T) followed by highest induction of multiple shoots by using MS medium with BA and NAA (Ahmad et al 2010).…”

Cinnamic Acid in Frankincense Sap as a Criterion for Determining the Best Mother Plant for Vegetative Propagation of Styrax benzoin (Sumatra Benzoin) in Sumatra, Indonesia

“…Identification and selection of S. benzoin trees were carried out in 2020-2021, directly in pristine forest areas with dense tree populations through a field survey, which was directly guided by experienced farmers, and by using a list of good quality mother plant parameters described in the study [6].…”

“…Identification and labeling of very good quality S. benzoin trees were carried out, spreading over the largest forest area that had the largest population of trees in Laelange Namuseng village [6,25]. All of the selected S. benzoin trees were productive, having a high quantity of sap and a superior quality of frankincense sap.…”

“…Styrax benzoin grows naturally in the forests of North Sumatra. Frankincense sap is produced naturally from the injured bark of the tree, which is a leading commodity from North Sumatra, Indonesia [6,7]. Frankincense products generate income to farmers living around forest areas in several districts, such as Toba, North Tapanuli, Humbang Hasundutan, and Pakpak Bharat.…”