Plant Population Dynamics in Response to Fire in Longleaf Pine-Turkey Oak Barrens and Adjacent Wetter Communities in Southeast Virginia

Plocher, Allen E.

doi:10.2307/2997276

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Similar patterns have been indicated in other habitats. Dormant-season fires resulted in an 11fold increase in shrub densities in Virginia longleafturkey oak barrens; shifts in species dominance rapidly occurred in mesic, but not xeric habitats (Plocher 1999). Shrub densities were greater in frequently burned lower elevation areas of northern Canadian aspen forests than in unburned areas that were similar to burned, higher elevation areas (Bork et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…We propose that repeated dormant-season fires over more than a half century have contributed to high densities of hardwoods in longleaf pine savannas and especially in downslope seepages throughout the southeastern coastal plain (Folkerts 1982, Wolfe et al 1988, Abrahamson and Hartnett 1990. Dormant-season fires resulted in an 11fold increase in shrub densities in Virginia longleafturkey oak barrens; shifts in species dominance rapidly occurred in mesic, but not xeric habitats (Plocher 1999). Dormant-season fires resulted in an 11fold increase in shrub densities in Virginia longleafturkey oak barrens; shifts in species dominance rapidly occurred in mesic, but not xeric habitats (Plocher 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fire Effects on Resprouting of Shrubs in Headwaters of Southeastern Longleaf Pine Savannas

Drewa¹,

Platt²,

Moser³

2002

Ecology

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Woody plants in fire-frequented ecosystems commonly resprout from underground organs after fires. Responses to variation in characteristics of fire regimes may be a function of plant physiological status or fire intensity. Although these hypotheses have been explored for trees in southeastern longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) savannas, responses of other life forms and stages have not been studied. We examined effects of fire season and frequency, geography, habitat, and underground organ morphology on resprouting of shrubs. In 1994, we located replicated sites, each containing two habitats, upslope savannas and downslope seepages, in Louisiana and Florida. Each site, which contained quadrats located along transects within a 30 ϫ 60 m plot, was burned either during the dormant or growing season and then reburned similarly two years later. Maximum fire temperatures were measured, and densities of shrub stems were censused in quadrats before and after fires.Shrubs collectively resprouted more following dormant than growing-season fires, regardless of habitat or geographic region. After repeated dormant-season fires, collective densities in seepages of both regions and densities of root-crown-bearing shrubs in Florida seepages were greater than those initially and after repeated growing-season fires. Shrub responses were generally unrelated to fire temperatures, supporting the hypothesis that resprouting of shrubs may be more dependent on their physiological status at the time of fires. There was, nonetheless, an inverse relationship between collective and root-crownbearing shrub densities following repeated fires and maximum fire temperatures in Florida seepages. Anthropogenic dormant-season fires over many decades may have resulted in increases in shrub densities in longleaf pine savannas, especially seepages. Repeated growing-season fires, however, neither increased nor reduced densities of established shrubs. Long-term shifts in characteristics of fire regimes, even in fire-frequented habitats, may produce effects that are not reversible in the short term (Ͻ10 yr) by simply reintroducing prescribed fires that resemble those that occurred naturally during the growing season.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Effects on Resprouting of Shrubs in Headwaters of Southeastern Longleaf Pine Savannas

Drewa¹,

Platt²,

Moser³

2002

Ecology

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“…The effects of prescribed fire on vegetation and soil in southern pine forests have been well documented in pine-oak (Plocher 1999;Kuddes-Fisher and Arthur 2002;Hubbard et al 2004), loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) (Lewis 1974;Kodama and Van Lear 1980;Schoch and Binkley 1986;Binkley et al 1992;Waldrop et al 1992) and longleaf pine/wiregrass forests (Christensen 1977;Boyer and Miller 1994;Mitchell et al 1999;Wilson et al 1999Wilson et al , 2002Boring et al 2004). Results of these studies showed that low intensity fires reduced understory vegetation and litter (Moore et al 1982;Abrahamson 1984;Abrahamson and Abrahamson 1996;Nobles et al 2009) but were inconclusive for soil nutrients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of a Prescribed Fire on Understory Vegetation, Carbon Pools, and Soil Nutrients in a Longleaf Pine-Slash Pine Forest in Florida

Lavoie

Starr

Mack

et al. 2010

Natural Areas Journal

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“…Many woody species in fire dependent ecosystems are top‐killed by fire, but resprouting from dormant buds on underground organs (Kauffman & Martin 1990; Pate et al 1990; Le Maitre & Brown 1992) and regrowth occurs shortly after fires (Keeley & Zedler 1978; Matlack et al 1993; Drewa et al 2002). In the southeastern United States, there is evidence that growing‐season fires reduce shrub resprouting, while dormant season fires may increase resprouting (Plocher 1999; Drewa et al 2002). Different hypotheses have been used to explain these resprouting responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fire seasonality and intensity on resprouting woody plants in prairie‐forest communities

Meunier

Holoubek

Johnson

et al. 2021

Restoration Ecology

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Woody plant expansion is one of the greatest contemporary threats to fire‐dependent ecosystems. Reducing woody plant prevalence is often a primary objective of prescribed burns, yet little attention has been given to understanding the efficacy of burning to reduce their abundance. Fire intensity characteristics and plant phenology/physiology, which are sometimes presented as competing hypotheses, influence how woody plants respond to a fire event. Little work has been done in the prairie‐forest region of the upper Midwest to understand how fire characteristics interact with woody species phenology and/or physiology. Using a controlled field experiment, we examined effects of timing (seasonality) and intensity (temperature and duration) of fires on top‐kill and resprouting of three invasive woody plants in this region (common buckthorn, Rhamnus cathartica; bush honeysuckles, Lonicera spp.; and a native species, northern pin oak Quercus ellipsoidalis). Honeysuckles and pin oak burned in the spring dormant period, a common practice in the region, resulted in low levels of top‐kill and high levels of resprouting. Burning during the late growing season yielded highest levels of top‐kill and lowest levels of resprouting for honeysuckles and pin oaks. However, there was no apparent effect of season or fire intensity treatment for buckthorn stems. Under all treatment combinations, buckthorn was easily top‐killed but resprouted prolifically. Collectively, most prescribed burning in the Midwest appears to be conducted during the least effective season (early growing season), when top‐kill is reduced and/or resprouting most pronounced. Our results indicate that fire use could be better prescribed in this region for controlling woody plants.

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Plant Population Dynamics in Response to Fire in Longleaf Pine-Turkey Oak Barrens and Adjacent Wetter Communities in Southeast Virginia

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Fire Effects on Resprouting of Shrubs in Headwaters of Southeastern Longleaf Pine Savannas

Fire Effects on Resprouting of Shrubs in Headwaters of Southeastern Longleaf Pine Savannas

Effects of a Prescribed Fire on Understory Vegetation, Carbon Pools, and Soil Nutrients in a Longleaf Pine-Slash Pine Forest in Florida

Effects of fire seasonality and intensity on resprouting woody plants in prairie‐forest communities

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