Plant physiological and environmental controls over the exchange of  acetaldehyde between forest canopies and the atmosphere

Jardine, Kolby; Harley, P. C.; Karl, T.; Guenther, Alex; Lerdau, Manuel; Mak, J. E.

doi:10.5194/bg-5-1559-2008

Cited by 51 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…The pathways leading to both the synthesis and emission of acetaldehyde are not clear (Karl et al, 2002;Jardine et al, 2008). Acetaldehyde has long been known to be an oxidation product of ethanol produced in leaves under anoxic conditions (Kreuzwieser et al, 2000), but this cannot explain the strong emissions observed under normal environmental conditions in mid-latitude forests (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Modelling bidirectional fluxes of methanol and acetaldehyde with the FORCAsT canopy exchange model

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The FORCAsT canopy exchange model was used to investigate the underlying mechanisms governing foliage emissions of methanol and acetaldehyde, two short chain oxygenated volatile organic compounds ubiquitous in the troposphere and known to have strong biogenic sources, at a northern mid-latitude forest site. The explicit representation of the vegetation canopy within the model allowed us to test the hypothesis that stomatal conductance regulates emissions of these compounds to an extent that its influence is observable at the ecosystem scale, a process not currently considered in regional-or global-scale atmospheric chemistry models.We found that FORCAsT could only reproduce the magnitude and diurnal profiles of methanol and acetaldehyde fluxes measured at the top of the forest canopy at Harvard Forest if light-dependent emissions were introduced to the model. With the inclusion of such emissions, FORCAsT was able to successfully simulate the observed bidirectional exchange of methanol and acetaldehyde. Although we found evidence that stomatal conductance influences methanol fluxes and concentrations at scales beyond the leaf level, particularly at dawn and dusk, we were able to adequately capture ecosystem exchange without the addition of stomatal control to the standard parameterisations of foliage emissions, suggesting that ecosystem fluxes can be well enough represented by the emissions models currently used.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Leaf-level measurements of acetaldehyde emissions have also been found to be tightly coupled to stomatal aperture (e.g. Kreuzwieser et al, 2000;Karl et al, 2002;Niinemets et al, 2004), and it has been suggested that this may account for observed light-dependent ecosystemscale emissions of acetaldehyde (Jardine et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling bidirectional fluxes of methanol and acetaldehyde with the FORCAsT canopy exchange model

et al. 2016

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“…According to Fick's law of diffusion, the VOC exchange between biosphere and atmosphere should be bidirectional depending on the concentration gradient between ambient air and the leaf interior. For some oxygenated species like acetaldehyde, which exhibit a compensation point, i.e., an ambient volume mixing ratio (VMR) at which emission turns to deposition [Kesselmeier, 2001], bidirectional fluxes are well established [Jardine et al, 2008]. In a laboratory experiment also deposition of nonoxygenated VOCs (terpenes) to plants was observed [Noe et al, 2008].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition fluxes of terpenes over grassland

et al. 2011

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[1] Eddy covariance flux measurements were carried out for two subsequent vegetation periods above a temperate mountain grassland in an alpine valley using a proton-transfer-reaction-mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) and a PTR time-of-flight-mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF). In 2008 and during the first half of the vegetation period 2009 the volume mixing ratios (VMRs) for the sum of monoterpenes (MTs) were typically well below 1 ppbv and neither MT emission nor deposition was observed. After a hailstorm in July 2009 an order of magnitude higher amount of terpenes was transported to the site from nearby coniferous forests causing elevated VMRs. As a consequence, deposition fluxes of terpenes to the grassland, which continued over a time period of several weeks without significant reemission, were observed. For days without precipitation the deposition occurred at velocities close to the aerodynamic limit. In addition to monoterpene uptake, deposition fluxes of the sum of sesquiterpenes (SQTs) and the sum of oxygenated terpenes (OTs) were detected. Considering an entire growing season for the grassland (i.e., 1 April to 1 November 2009), the cumulative carbon deposition of monoterpenes reached 276 mg C m −2 . This is comparable to the net carbon emission of methanol (329 mg C m −2 ), which is the dominant nonmethane volatile organic compound (VOC) emitted from this site, during the same time period. It is suggested that deposition of monoterpenes to terrestrial ecosystems could play a more significant role in the reactive carbon budget than previously assumed.

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“…Although pronounced acetone, acetaldehyde and acetic acid Harley et al (1998) (the GC-MS results confirmed acetic acid rather than glycolaldehyde, also detected at the same m/z of 61 + ) peaks were observed in the spectrum, the flux of these compounds is strongly dependent on their compensation point and on the concentrations in the surrounding air. Since their concentration in the branch enclosure differs from that of ambient air, ecosystem-scale flux measurements would be preferable to estimate their fluxes (Kesselmeier et al, 1997;Schade and Goldstein, 2001;Karl et al, 2005;Jardine et al, 2008). The total counts listed in Table 2 represent 93% of the total counts in the spectrum of Fig.…”

Section: Bvoc Emissions From Ponderosa Pinementioning

confidence: 99%

Emissions and ambient distributions of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOC) in a ponderosa pine ecosystem: interpretation of PTR-MS mass spectra

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Two proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry systems were deployed at the Bio-hydro-atmosphere interactions of Energy, Aerosols, Carbon, H 2 O, Organics and Nitrogen-Southern Rocky Mountain 2008 field campaign (BEACHON-SRM08; July to September, 2008) at the Manitou Forest Observatory in a ponderosa pine woodland near Woodland Park, Colorado USA. The two PTR-MS systems simultaneously measured BVOC emissions and ambient distributions of their oxidation products. Here, we present mass spectral analysis in a wide range of masses (m/z 40 + to 210 + ) to assess our understanding of BVOC emissions and their photochemical processing inside of the forest canopy. The biogenic terpenoids, 2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol (MBO, 50.2%) and several monoterpenes (MT, 33.5%) were identified as the dominant BVOC emissions from a transmission corrected mass spectrum (PTR-MS), averaged over the daytime (11 a.m. to 3 p.m., local time) of three days. To assess contributions of oxidation products of local BVOC, we calculate an oxidation product spectrum with the OH-and ozone-initiated oxidation product distribution mass spectra of two major BVOC emissions at the ecosystem (MBO and β-pinene) that were observed from laboratory oxidation experiments. The majority (∼ 76%) of the total signal in the transmission corrected PTR-MS spectra could be explained by identified compounds. The remainder are attributed to oxidation products of BVOC emitted from nearby ecosystems and transported to the site, and oxidation products of unidentified BVOC emitted from the ponderosa pine ecosystem.

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Plant physiological and environmental controls over the exchange of acetaldehyde between forest canopies and the atmosphere

Cited by 51 publications

References 40 publications

Modelling bidirectional fluxes of methanol and acetaldehyde with the FORCAsT canopy exchange model

Modelling bidirectional fluxes of methanol and acetaldehyde with the FORCAsT canopy exchange model

Deposition fluxes of terpenes over grassland

Emissions and ambient distributions of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOC) in a ponderosa pine ecosystem: interpretation of PTR-MS mass spectra

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