Plant peroxisomes at the crossroad of NO and H₂O₂ metabolism

Abstract

Plant peroxisomes are subcellular compartments involved in many biochemical pathways during the life cycle of a plant but also in the mechanism of response against adverse environmental conditions. These organelles have an active nitro-oxidative metabolism under physiological conditions but this could be exacerbated under stress situations. Furthermore, peroxisomes have the capacity to proliferateand also undergo biochemical adaptations depending on the surrounding cellular status. An important characteristic of peroxisomes is that they have a dynamic metabolism of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RNS and ROS) which generates two key molecules, nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). These molecules can exert signaling functions by means of post-translational modifications that affect the functionality of target molecules like proteins, peptides or fatty acids. This review provides an overview of the endogenous metabolism of ROS and RNS in peroxisomes with special emphasis on polyamine and uric acid metabolism as well as the possibility that these organelles could be a source of signal molecules involved in the functional interconnection with other subcellular compartments.

Assessment of Subcellular ROS and NO Metabolism in Higher Plants: Multifunctional Signaling Molecules

“…Plant peroxisomes are single membrane-bound organelles characterized by an adaptable and active nitro-oxidative metabolism [15,[71][72][73]. ROS/RNS are produced in many peroxisomal metabolic pathways such as β-oxidation, photorespiration, purine, and polyamine metabolism, as well as auxin and jasmonic acid biosynthesis.…”

“…The iron-responsive element-iron-regulatory protein (IRE-IRP) system and iron-regulated transporter 1 (IRT1) are involved in the acclimation responses of stressed plant cells [14]. Furthermore, NO is considered to be a simple signal molecule with targets including thiols and the iron and sulfur group containing compounds and proteins [15]. The presence of NO in higher plants is well documented.…”

Peroxisomes: versatile organelles with diverse roles in plants

“…ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) metabolism can occur within peroxisomes, generating hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and nitrite oxide (NO) respectively (Corpas et al, 2019b). H 2 O 2 can be generated by many peroxisomal metabolic processes, including photorespiration, b-oxidation, superoxide dismutation, sulfite oxidation, polyamine catabolism and others.…”

Preparative free‐flow electrophoresis, a versatile technology complementing gradient centrifugation in the isolation of highly purified cell organelles

“…Commonly, classic gradient centrifugation has been used in the past to isolate PO in sufficient amounts and purity, for example, from spinach, cucumber, pea, or soybean [88][89][90][91]. Yet, the technique proved to be extremely ineffective for the isolation of PO from Arabidopsis, ending up with low yields of intact organelles and quite high rates of contamination.…”