Plant-Pathogenic Fusarium Species

Stępień, Łukasz

doi:10.3390/jof9010013

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Environmental factors (temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, soil structure-microbiome, etc. ), the physiology and biochemistry of host plants, and gene contents of Fusarium fungi are also suggested to influence the availability of metabolites and toxins necessary for fungal growth and pathogenicity, which in turn influence the host-pathogen interaction [46,47]. Some studies also suggest that Fusarium species provide various benefits to plants by enhancing plant growth, triggering production of secondary metabolites, and protection against pathogens [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification and Pathogenicity of Fusarium Species Associated with Wood Canker, Root and Basal Rot in Turkish Grapevine Nurseries

Akgül,

Önder,

Savaş

et al. 2024

JoF

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Fusarium species are agriculturally important fungi with a broad host range and can be found as endophytic, pathogenic, or opportunistic parasites in many crop plants. This study aimed to identify Fusarium species in bare-rooted, dormant plants in Turkish grapevine nurseries using molecular identification methods and assess their pathogenicity. Asymptomatic dormant plants were sampled from grapevine nurseries (43) in different regions of the country, and fungi were isolated from plant roots and internal basal tissues. The Fusarium strains were identified by performing gene sequencing (TEF1-α, RPB2) and phylogenetic analyses. Pathogenicity tests were carried out by inoculating mycelial agar pieces of strains onto the stem or conidial suspensions into the rhizosphere of vines (1103 Paulsen rootstock). Laboratory tests revealed that Fusarium species were highly prevalent in Turkish grapevine nurseries (41 out of 43). Gene sequencing and phylogenetic analyses unraveled that 12 Fusarium species (F. annulatum, F. brachygibbosum, F. clavum, F. curvatum, F. falciforme, F. fredkrugeri, F. glycines, F. nanum, F. nematophilum, F. nirenbergiae, F. solani, and Fusarium spp.) existed in the ready-to-sale plants. Some of these species (F. annulatum, F. curvatum and F. nirenbergiae) consistently caused wood necrosis of seedling stems, rotting of the basal zone and roots, and reduced root biomass. Although the other nine species also caused some root rot and root reduction, their virulence was not as severe as the pathogenic ones, and they were considered opportunistic parasites or endophytic species. This study suggests that Fusarium species might play an important role in root-basal rot, wood canker symptoms, and young vine decline in Turkish grapevine nurseries and that these species need to be considered for healthy seedling production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification and Pathogenicity of Fusarium Species Associated with Wood Canker, Root and Basal Rot in Turkish Grapevine Nurseries

Akgül,

Önder,

Savaş

et al. 2024

JoF

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“…At the genus level, with the increase in planting years, Fusarium showed an increasing trend. Fusarium is an important plant pathogen ( Stępień, 2023 ) and includes such important pathogens as F. oxysporum and F. solani ( Liang et al, 2024 ; Liu et al, 2024a ). Continuous planting resulted in an increase in rhizosphere anthracnose ( Jiao et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and function of rhizosphere soil microbial communities associated with root rot of Knoxia roxburghii

Liu,

Li,

Dong

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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The microbial communities in rhizosphere soil play important roles in plant health and crop productivity. However, the microbial community structure of rhizosphere soil still remains unclear. In this study, the composition, diversity and function of the microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased plants were compared using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. The Sobs (richness) and Shannon (diversity) indices of the soil microbial communities were higher in the rhizospheres of 2- and 3-year-old susceptible plants than in those of the healthy plants. With the increase in planting time, the numbers of fungi tended to decrease, while those of the bacteria tended to increase. Fungal diversity could be used as a biological indicator to measure the health of Knoxia roxburghii. The microbial composition and differential analyses revealed that the rhizosphere soil infested with fungi had a higher relative abundance at the phylum level in Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, while the bacteria had a higher relative abundance of Chloroflexi and a lower relative abundance of Actinobacteriota. At the genus level, the rhizosphere soil infested with fungi had relatively more abundant unclassified_f__Didymellaceae and Solicoccozyma and relatively less abundant Saitozyma and Penicillium. The bacterial genus norank_f__Gemmatimonadaceae was the most abundant, while Arthrobacter was less abundant. In addition, the abundance of Fusarium in the fungal community varied (p = 0.001). It tended to increase in parallel with the planting years. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the change in the community composition of Fusarium may be the primary reason for the occurrence of root rot in K. roxburghii, and the change in the abundance of Fusarium OTU1450 may be an indication of the occurrence of root rot in this species. The community function and prediction analyses showed that the pathogenic fungi increased with the increase in planting years. In general, soil fungi can be roughly divided into three types, including pathotrophs, symbiotrophs, and saprotrophs. An analysis of the differences in the prediction of different rhizosphere functions showed that D and L were significantly different in the COG enrichment pathway of the K. roxburghii rhizosphere bacteria (p < 0.05). The soil physical and chemical properties, including the pH, AK, total potassium (TK), and catalase (S_CAT), had the most significant effect on the soil fungal community, and most of the soil physical and chemical properties significantly correlated with the bacterial community. This study demonstrated that the occurrence of root rot had an important effect on the diversity, structure and composition of microbial communities. In addition, the results will provide a theoretical basis to prevent and control root rot in K. roxburghii.

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“…sp., and various uncultured Fusarium strains (Dataset S1). This drew our attention since Fusarium strains are most known for their plant-pathogenic lifestyle [43], yet the isolate at hand did not cause any visible symptoms of disease. Furthermore, endophytic Fusarium species were reported to be a rich source of bioactive compounds, and they have been attracting considerable interest, as recently reviewed by Ahmed et al [44].…”

Section: Isolate Vm-40 From Vinca Minor Is a Fusariummentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic and Metabolomic Analysis of the Endophytic Fungus Fusarium sp. VM-40 Isolated from the Medicinal Plant Vinca minor

Xiao

Iacovelli

et al. 2023

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The genus Fusarium is well-known to comprise many pathogenic fungi that affect cereal crops worldwide, causing severe damage to agriculture and the economy. In this study, an endophytic fungus designated Fusarium sp. VM-40 was isolated from a healthy specimen of the traditional European medicinal plant Vinca minor. Our morphological characterization and phylogenetic analysis reveal that Fusarium sp. VM-40 is closely related to Fusarium paeoniae, belonging to the F. tricinctum species complex (FTSC), the genomic architecture and secondary metabolite profile of which have not been investigated. Thus, we sequenced the whole genome of Fusarium sp. VM-40 with the new Oxford Nanopore R10.4 flowcells. The assembled genome is 40 Mb in size with a GC content of 47.72%, 15 contigs (≥50,000 bp; N 50~4.3 Mb), and 13,546 protein-coding genes, 691 of which are carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme)-encoding genes. We furthermore predicted a total of 56 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) with antiSMASH, 25 of which showed similarity with known BGCs. In addition, we explored the potential of this fungus to produce secondary metabolites through untargeted metabolomics. Our analyses reveal that this fungus produces structurally diverse secondary metabolites of potential pharmacological relevance (alkaloids, peptides, amides, terpenoids, and quinones). We also employed an epigenetic manipulation method to activate cryptic BGCs, which led to an increased abundance of several known compounds and the identification of several putative new compounds. Taken together, this study provides systematic research on the whole genome sequence, biosynthetic potential, and metabolome of the endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. VM-40.

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Plant-Pathogenic Fusarium Species

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Molecular Identification and Pathogenicity of Fusarium Species Associated with Wood Canker, Root and Basal Rot in Turkish Grapevine Nurseries

Molecular Identification and Pathogenicity of Fusarium Species Associated with Wood Canker, Root and Basal Rot in Turkish Grapevine Nurseries

Structure and function of rhizosphere soil microbial communities associated with root rot of Knoxia roxburghii

Genomic and Metabolomic Analysis of the Endophytic Fungus Fusarium sp. VM-40 Isolated from the Medicinal Plant Vinca minor

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