Plant Opal in Japanese soils

The Origin of High-Alumina Clay Minerals—A Review

“…By extracting silica from the soil and/or rocks, alumina may simultaneously be concentrated therein, assuming, of course, that the silica is blown or washed away when the plant residue falls or decomposes. That plant opal, opalized residues of squat, pear-shaped, rod-like, and irregular forms up to 0.3 mm in length obtained from grasses and other plants is transported to marine sediments was observed by Kanno and Arimura (1958). Beavers and Stephen (1958) found up to 5.5 per cent plant opal in certain Illinois soil, and regard it as a potential index mineral for paleosols.…”

δ13C values of organic carbon in cropland and forest soils in Japan

“…(C 3 plant), Festuca sp. (C 3 plant), and Miscanthus sinensis (C 4 plant) and of trees (C 3 plants) show the differences in morphology depending on the plant species and sometimes plant parts (Kanno and Arimura 1958;Sase and Kato 1976b). In the Hokkaido soils, Sasa sp.…”

Phosphate equilibria in arable soils different in soil type and management

“…fairly abundant gibbsite ' Three leveht of ph011phatr1; 0, 0.44 and 0.86 and crystalline iron-oxide ' 1\g 1' 1 0 1 per ar1 per year, and lime; no lime, mineral!! (12). · limed to neturalize 1 N-1\Cl exchangt•able (+ 1 Added a• supt'1'phOAphate wheat (9.38 Kg CaO per are).…”