Plant nitrogen and phosphorus utilization under invasive pressure in a montane ecosystem of tropical China

Hu, Congcong; Lei, Yutian; Tan, Yun‐Hong; Sun, Xinchao; Xu, Hao; Liu, Cong‐Qiang; Liu, Xueyan

doi:10.1111/1365-2745.13008

Cited by 44 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The invasion of alien plants impacts the environment, economy, society, and functioning of ecosystems and is one of the most important threats facing the global ecosystem [ 14 ]. The successful invasion of alien plants involves many factors, including their own biological characteristics and non-biological environmental factors [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. In the competition for habitat resources, invasive species often have better resource acquisition strategies than local plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spartina alterniflora Leaf and Soil Eco-Stoichiometry in the Yancheng Coastal Wetland

Zuo

Wei

Lei

et al. 2020

Plants

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Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus—nutrient and restrictive elements for plant growth and important components of the plant body—are mainly transferred and exchanged between plants and the soil environment. Changes in the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus eco-stoichiometry greatly impact the growth and expansion of Spartina alterniflora, and understanding these changes can reveal the nutrient coordination mechanism among ecosystem components. To explore the relationship between leaf and soil eco-stoichiometry and determine the key soil factors that affect leaf eco-stoichiometry, we collected leaf and soil samples of S. alterniflora at different tidal levels (i.e., 1, 3, and 5 km away from the coastline) in a coastal wetland in the Yancheng Elk Nature Reserve, Jiangsu province. We measured the leaf and soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents and ratios, as well as the soil salinity and soil organic carbon. The results revealed the following. (1) The leaf stoichiometric characteristics and soil properties of S. alterniflora differed significantly between tidal levels; for example, total carbon, nitrogen, soil organic carbon were detected at their highest levels at 3 km and lowest levels at 5 km. (2) Significant correlations were detected between the leaf stoichiometric characteristics and soil characteristics. Additionally, nitrogen limitation was evident in the study area, as indicated by the nitrogen–phosphorus ratio being less than 14 and the soil nitrogen–phosphorus ratio being less than 1. (3) Soil salinity and the soil carbon–nitrogen ratio were shown to be the key factors that affect the eco-stoichiometric characteristics of S. alterniflora. These findings furthered our understanding of the nutrient distribution mechanisms and invasion strategy of S. alterniflora and can thus be used to guide S. alterniflora control policies formulated by government management departments in China.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spartina alterniflora Leaf and Soil Eco-Stoichiometry in the Yancheng Coastal Wetland

Zuo

Wei

Lei

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…Leaf δ 15 N values are primarily determined by the δ 15 N signatures of the plant N sources 7,28 . NO 3 − and NH 4 + are the most common sources of N in plants 28–30 . The δ 15 N values are often lower in soil NO 3 − than in soil NH 4 + due to the large isotopic fractionation of the nitrification process; leaf δ 15 N values usually decrease with an increases in plant NO 3 − uptake 29,30 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NO 3 − and NH 4 + are the most common sources of N in plants 28–30 . The δ 15 N values are often lower in soil NO 3 − than in soil NH 4 + due to the large isotopic fractionation of the nitrification process; leaf δ 15 N values usually decrease with an increases in plant NO 3 − uptake 29,30 . Therefore, the variations in leaf δ 15 N values could be used to indicate the changes in plant N sources 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between leaf δ¹⁵N and leaf metallic nutrients

Chen

Wang

et al. 2020

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale Nitrogen (N) isotopic ratios (δ15N values) of plants are primarily determined by the δ15N values of their N sources. Metallic nutrients affect plant N uptake. However, there is little knowledge of the relationships between leaf δ15N values and leaf metallic nutrients. The δ15N values are often lower in soil nitrate (NO3−) than in ammonium (NH4+) due to large isotopic fractionation during nitrification. Plants acquire more NO3− than NH4+ when accumulating high potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) to maintain charge balance. In addition, plants that absorb more NO3− than NH4+ increase the soil pH and decrease the availability of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn). We therefore hypothesized that leaf δ15N values correlate negatively with K, Ca and Mg contents, while positively with Fe, Mn and Zn contents. Methods Leaves of non‐N‐fixing plants were sampled across an approx. 6000 km transect in China and their δ15N values and metallic nutrient content were determined using elemental analyzer/isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Results Inconsistent with the hypothesis, leaf δ15N values correlated positively with leaf K, Ca and Mg, indicating higher δ15N values of soil NO3− than NH4+. Higher δ15N values of soil NO3− revealed stronger denitrification than nitrification in the study regions because isotopic fractionation occurs during both processes. Leaf δ15N values correlated negatively with Fe, relating to decreases in soil Fe availability, which might be attributed to oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+ supplying electrons for denitrification, while greater uptake of NO3− than NH4+ of plants increases soil pH. Leaf δ15N values correlated positively with Zn and did not correlate with Mn. These observed relationships between leaf δ15N values and metallic nutrients, except Mn, were independent of vegetation or soil types. Conclusions This study has enriched our knowledge of associations between metallic nutrients and N cycling in plant–soil systems, especially for the roles of Fe in soil N transformations and K, Ca and Mg in plant N uptake.

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“…For example, lower tissue N:P and C:P ratios are linked to higher whole‐organism P content, which helps drive protein synthesis and leads to higher growth rates and/or reproductive output (Elser., ), In contrast, a higher C:N ratio reflects higher carbon assimilation efficiency, but lower growth rates, also lower nutrient requirements (González et al, ). The C:N:P ratios play a key role in the growth and competition among plants (González et al, ; Hu et al, ; Sterner & Elser, ), therefore the ecological stoichiometry of populations allows us to explore the reasons for the success or otherwise of invasions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological stoichiometry and invasive strategies of two alien species (Bidens pilosa and Mikania micrantha) in subtropical China

Wang

Wen

Zhu

2019

Ecological Research

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To understand the growth and nutritional strategies of two alien Asteraceae species in both nutrient‐rich and nutrient‐poor environments by measuring the stoichiometric characteristics of plants and soil nutrients, two alien species Bidens pilosa and Mikania micrantha from subtropical zone of southeast China was studied. The two species grow in P‐rich environments and/or have a strong capacity for absorption and utilization of P. The two invasive alien species studied used diverse nutrition and growth strategies under different habitats. For B. pilosa under low‐N environments, leaves showed lower N:P and C:P than in other habitats. In contrast, roots showed greater N:P, C:P and C:N ratios, suggesting a “resource conservative strategy,” whereas under high‐N and high‐P, or high‐N and low‐P environments, B. pilosa roots had lower N:P and C:P ratios, suggesting a “growth competitive strategy.” Conversely, M. micrantha did not match either strategy in high‐ or low‐resource habitats. The growth of B. pilosa is resource‐dependent, mainly driven by C and N content, and C:N ratio in the soil, as well as allocation of P within the plant. The growth of M. micrantha is less limited by soil resources, but mainly by tradeoffs between allocation to leaves versus roots. There are various growth and nutrient strategies under different resource environments (e.g., resource conservative strategy, and/or growth competitive strategy), as well as fundamental trade‐offs between life history traits, which all contribute to the successful invasion by alien species.

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Plant nitrogen and phosphorus utilization under invasive pressure in a montane ecosystem of tropical China

Cited by 44 publications

References 79 publications

Spartina alterniflora Leaf and Soil Eco-Stoichiometry in the Yancheng Coastal Wetland

Spartina alterniflora Leaf and Soil Eco-Stoichiometry in the Yancheng Coastal Wetland

Relationships between leaf δ¹⁵N and leaf metallic nutrients

Ecological stoichiometry and invasive strategies of two alien species (Bidens pilosa and Mikania micrantha) in subtropical China

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Plant nitrogen and phosphorus utilization under invasive pressure in a montane ecosystem of tropical China

Cited by 44 publications

References 79 publications

Spartina alterniflora Leaf and Soil Eco-Stoichiometry in the Yancheng Coastal Wetland

Spartina alterniflora Leaf and Soil Eco-Stoichiometry in the Yancheng Coastal Wetland

Relationships between leaf δ15N and leaf metallic nutrients

Ecological stoichiometry and invasive strategies of two alien species (Bidens pilosa and Mikania micrantha) in subtropical China

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Relationships between leaf δ¹⁵N and leaf metallic nutrients