Plant Latex Proteases: Natural Wound Healers

Urs, Amog P.; Manjuprasanna, Vaddarahally N.; Rudresha, Gotravalli V.; Manjunath, Yariswamy; Vishwanath, Bannikuppe S.

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2513-6_14

Cited by 11 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…Plant lattices are extensively used by traditional healers to stop bleeding and to treat fresh wounds 35 . Several reports suggested that pro‐coagulant protease of the plant lattices are responsible for the acceleration of blood clotting and wound healing 12,17,36 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, we made an attempt to understand the use of traditionally important plant latices to stop bleeding. The plants belonging to the moraceae family have a traditional history in treating fresh cuts/wounds in animals and humans 35,37 . We have evaluated plant latices from Ficus, Artocarpus, Morus, Plecospermum, Streblus genera belonging to the moraceae family.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drupin, a thrombin‐like protease prompts platelet activation and aggregation through protease‐activated receptors

Manjuprasanna

Urs

Rudresha

et al. 2021

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Hemostasis is a proteolytically regulated process that requires activation of platelets and the blood coagulation cascade upon vascular injury. Activated platelets create a thrombogenic environment and amplify the coagulation process. Plant latex proteases (PLPs) have been used as therapeutic components to treat various ailments by folk healers. One of the main applications of plant latices is to stop bleeding from minor injuries and to enhance wound healing activity. Although many studies have reported the pro‐coagulant activities of PLPs, an in‐depth investigation is required to understand the mechanism of action of PLPs on platelets. Here, the effect of PLPs on platelet aggregation was studied systematically to validate the observed pharmacological effect by folk healers. Among 29 latices from the Ficus genus tested, Ficus drupacea exhibited potent pro‐coagulant and thrombin‐like activity. Drupin, a thrombin‐like cysteine protease responsible for platelet aggregation was purified from F. drupacea latex. Drupin exhibits pro‐coagulant activity and reduces the bleeding time in mice tail. It induces platelet aggregation by activating mitogen‐activated protein kinases and the nuclear factor‐κB and PI3K/Akt signalling cascade, which, in turn, phosphorylats, cytosolic phospholipase A2 leading to the release of thromboxane A2 from the granules to activate the nearby platelets to aggregate. Furthermore, we investigated the involvement of protease‐activated receptors in drupin‐induced platelet aggregation using specific protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1) and PAR4 receptor antagonists. The results confirmed that the drupin‐induced platelet aggregation was mediated by both PAR1 and PAR4, synergistically. Overall, drupin reduces the bleeding time by exerting pro‐coagulant activity and induces platelet aggregation by activating the intracellular signalling cascade.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drupin, a thrombin‐like protease prompts platelet activation and aggregation through protease‐activated receptors

Manjuprasanna

Urs

Rudresha

et al. 2021

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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“…[2][3][4][5][6] Among plants, latices are one of the richest sources reported for their ability to interfere in hemostasis. 7 Latices of several plant species contain abundant active components including pharmacologically important proteases. 7 The property of latex to stop bleeding is mainly attributed to proteases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Latices of several plant species contain abundant active components including pharmacologically important proteases. 7 The property of latex to stop bleeding is mainly attributed to proteases. 8 The majority of latex proteases exhibit procoagulant effect irrespective of the nature of proteases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant latex thrombin‐like cysteine proteases alleviates bleeding by bypassing factor VIII in murine model

Urs

Rudresha

Manjuprasanna

et al. 2019

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Hemostasis is a tightly regulated process which maintains a fluid state of blood within the vasculature and provides thrombotic response upon tissue injury. Various scientific studies have implicated the role of plant latex proteases in hemostasis using in vitro experiments. However, in vivo models substantiate their role in hemostasis. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of plant latex thrombin-like proteases (PTLPs) on hemostasis was investigated systematically using mice tail bleeding as a preclinical model. In this direction, latex protease fractions (LPFs), which showed potent thrombin-like activity, were selected as they act directly on fibrinogen to form clot and quickly stop bleeding.Thrombin-like activity was exhibited mainly by cysteine proteases. Calotropis gigantea, Carica papaya, Jatropha curcas, Oxystelma esculentum, Tabernaemontana divaricata, and Vallaris solanacea LPFs and papain from C. papaya latex significantly reduced bleeding on a topical application in normal and aspirin administered mice. In addition, PTLPs accelerated the clotting of factor VIII deficient plasma, while, papain brought back the clotting time to normal levels acting like a bypassing agent. Further, papain failed to show activity in the presence of specific cysteine protease inhibitor iodoacetic acid; confirming protease role in all the activities exhibited. At the tested dose, PTLPs except C. gigantea did not show toxicity. Further, structural and sequence comparison between PTLPs and human thrombin revealed structural and sequence dissimilarity indicating their unique nature. The findings of the present study may open up a new avenue for considering PTLPs including papain in the treatment of bleeding wounds. K E Y W O R D S bypassing agent, hemophilia, hemostasis, intrinsic pathway, papain, procoagulant protease

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Production of Plant Proteases and New Biotechnological Applications: An Updated Review

2022

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An updated review of emerging plant proteases with potential biotechnological application is presented. Plant proteases show comparable or even greater performance than animal or microbial proteases for by‐product valorization through hydrolysis for, for example, cheese whey, bird feathers, collagen, keratinous materials, gelatin, fish protein, and soy protein. Active biopeptides can be obtained as high added value products, which have shown numerous beneficial effects on human health. Plant proteases can also be used for wastewater treatment. The production of new plant proteases is encouraged for the following advantages: low cost of isolation using simple procedures, remarkable stability over a wide range of operating conditions (temperature, pH, salinity, and organic solvents), substantial affinity to a broad variety of substrates, and possibility of immobilization. Vegetable proteases have enormous application potential for the valorization of industrial waste and its conversion into products with high added value through low‐cost processes.

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Plant Latex Proteases: Natural Wound Healers

Cited by 11 publications

References 146 publications

Drupin, a thrombin‐like protease prompts platelet activation and aggregation through protease‐activated receptors

Drupin, a thrombin‐like protease prompts platelet activation and aggregation through protease‐activated receptors

Plant latex thrombin‐like cysteine proteases alleviates bleeding by bypassing factor VIII in murine model

Production of Plant Proteases and New Biotechnological Applications: An Updated Review

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