“…Beneficial microorganisms can be isolated and selected from heavy metal-polluted soils, particularly from the rhizosphere of metal-resistant plants, but also from aboveground organs. Bacterial species with plant growth-promoting activity belong to numerous genera, i.e., Alcaligenes , Curtobacterium , Bacillus , Microbacterium , Paenibacillus , Pseudomonas , Streptomyces, and Tetrathiobacter [ 178 , 179 , 180 ], whereas among fungi are rhizosphere endophytes, such as Piriformospora indica, Acrocalymma vagum, and Scytalidium lignicola [ 181 , 182 ]. Improved plant growth under metallic stress is attributed to bacterial capability of nitrogen assimilation, producing and secreting plant growth regulators, particularly IAA, siderophores, and various volatile organic compounds [ 183 , 184 , 185 ].…”