Plant growth and physiology under heterogeneous salinity

Bazihizina, Nadia; Barrett-Lennard, E.G.; Colmer, Timothy D.

doi:10.1007/s11104-012-1193-8

Cited by 103 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…It is common in complex toxicological syndromes to invoke a large number of causes, or confound causes and their effects. Manifold as the effects of Na + on critical processes such as photosynthesis, transpiration, production of reactive oxygen species and, ultimately, growth and yield, are (Bazihizina et al 2012;Cheeseman 2013), many, if not most, of these must be considered as downstream effects rather than primary causes of toxicity. There is no doubt that Na + , when appearing suddenly at high concentrations, in "shock" scenarios (see discussion in Cheeseman 2013), carries osmotic consequences that disrupt, typically temporarily, the membrane integrity of roots (Britto et al 2010;Coskun et al 2013), or also those of shoots, such as shown in rice (Flowers et al 1991), preceding, or perhaps coinciding with, more "ion-specific" effects (see later discussions).…”

Section: Sodium Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, the majority of land plants, when exposed to concentrations similar to those found in the mammalian blood stream, let alone that of the oceans, suffers moderate to severe toxicity symptoms. Such concentrations are, however, frequently found, and exceeded, in soils, and this occurs rarely as a uniform distribution but is associated with much spatial heterogeneity (Bazihizina et al 2012). Only a few groups of terrestrial plants, the halophytes, have (re-)-acquired the ability to tolerate, and indeed thrive on, high-Na + media, while others, however, appear to have the ability to utilize the Na + ion for several key cellular processes and can benefit from sodium's presence, as long as supply concentrations remain below osmotically challenging ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sodium as nutrient and toxicant

et al. 2013

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Background Sodium (Na + ) is one of the most intensely researched ions in plant biology and has attained a reputation for its toxic qualities. Following the principle of Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim (Paracelsus), Na + is, however, beneficial to many species at lower levels of supply, and in some, such as certain C4 species, indeed essential. Scope Here, we review the ion's divergent roles as a nutrient and toxicant, focusing on growth responses, membrane transport, stomatal function, and paradigms of ion accumulation and sequestration. We examine connections between the nutritional and toxic roles throughout, and place special emphasis on the relationship of Na + to plant potassium (K + ) relations and homeostasis. Conclusions Our review investigates intriguing connections and disconnections between Na + nutrition and toxicity, and concludes that several leading paradigms in the field, such as on the roles of Na + influx and tissue accumulation or the cytosolic K + /Na + ratio in the development of toxicity, are currently insufficiently substantiated and require a new, critical approach.

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Section: Sodium Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium as nutrient and toxicant

et al. 2013

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“…This was likely due to the decreased plant growth and changes in physiology caused by irrigation with saline water. The water uptake, stomatal density, transpiration, net CO 2 assimilation and leaf photosynthesis can be reduced as salinity of irrigation water increases (Bazihizina et al, 2012;Cabrera and Perdomo, 2003;Mantell et al, 1985;Rhoades et al, 1992;Rogers, 2001;Romero-Aranda et al, 2001;Suyama et al, 2007;Valdez-Aguilar et al, 2011). Dry matter production also declined (data not shown) due to the decreased light interception caused by the reduction of leaf area (Alarcon et al, 1994;Kutuk et al, 2004;Li and Stanghellini, 2001).…”

Section: Growth and Dry Mass Of Chinese Rosementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of drip-irrigation with saline water on Chinese rose (Rosa chinensis) during reclamation of very heavy coastal saline soil in a field trial

Kang

Wan

et al. 2015

Scientia Horticulturae

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a b s t r a c tDrip-irrigation with saline water was used for reclamation of very heavy coastal saline soils and its effects on salt-sensitive plants were also evaluated in a three-year trial in the coastal region of east China. The original soil salinity expressed as electrical conductivity of the saturation paste extract (EC e ) was an average of 27.13 dS/m in the 0-100 cm depth. The experiment included five treatments of salinity levels of 0.8, 3.1, 4.7, 6.3 and 7.8 dS/m of irrigation water. Chinese rose (Rosa chinensis), a salt-sensitive species, were planted in the sandy loam soil to determine the effect of saline environment on growth characters and dry matter production. Drip-irrigation had a significant positive impact on salt leaching, and the very highly saline soil became mildly saline after reclamation in root zone of soil profiles irrigated with water of salinity up to 7.8 dS/m. An increase in salinity of irrigation water had adverse effects on plant height, stem diameter, survival rate and dry matter production. Root:shoot ratio increased with increasing water salinity. The values of soil-salt tolerance threshold were 2.39 dS/m at emergence and 2.78 dS/m in the growth period after emergence. The emergence rate and dry mass decreased by 27.39 and 41.19% for each unit of EC e increase in the root zone, respectively. These results implied that drip-irrigation with saline water by controlling soil matric potential under a gravel-sand layer was effective in reclamation of this very heavy coastal saline soil for sensitive species such as Chinese rose.

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“…These involve multipoint measurements of gene expression using microarrays or RNAseq, detailed quantification of hormone and metabolite levels and fluxes and detailed measurements of particular aspects of growth. For these, the split root system approach has proved useful in differentiating between local and systemic responses (Attia et al 2008;Bazihizina et al 2012).…”

Section: Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given this progress, the stage is now certainly set to use similar techniques to advance our understanding of responses to salinity and their effects on other processes (Bazihizina et al 2009(Bazihizina et al , 2012.…”

Section: Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The integration of activity in saline environments: problems and perspectives

Cheeseman

2013

Functional Plant Biol.

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Abstract. The successful integration of activity in saline environments requires flexibility of responses at all levels, from genes to life cycles. Because plants are complex systems, there is no 'best' or 'optimal' solution and with respect to salt, glycophytes and halophytes are only the ends of a continuum of responses and possibilities. In this review, I briefly examine seven major aspects of plant function and their responses to salinity including transporters, secondary stresses, carbon acquisition and allocation, water and transpiration, growth and development, reproduction, and cytosolic function and 'integrity'. I conclude that new approaches are needed to move towards understanding either organismal integration or 'salt tolerance', especially cessation of protocols dependent on sudden, often lethal, shock treatments and the embracing of systems level resources. Some of the tools needed to understand the integration of activity and even 'salt stress' are already in hand, such as those for whole-transcriptome analysis. Others, ranging from discovery studies of the nature of the cytosol to expanded tool kits for proteomic, metabolomic and epigenomic studies, still need to be further developed. After resurrecting the distinction between applied stress and the resultant strain and noting that with respect to salinity, the strain is manifest in changes at all -omic levels, I conclude that it should be possible to model and quantify stress responses.

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Plant growth and physiology under heterogeneous salinity

Cited by 103 publications

References 126 publications

Sodium as nutrient and toxicant

Sodium as nutrient and toxicant

Effect of drip-irrigation with saline water on Chinese rose (Rosa chinensis) during reclamation of very heavy coastal saline soil in a field trial

The integration of activity in saline environments: problems and perspectives

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