Plant exploitation in Neolithic Sudan: A review in the light of new data from the cemeteries R12 and Ghaba

Out, Welmoed A.; Ryan, Philippa; García-Granero, Juan José; Barastegui, Judit; Maritan, Lara; Madella, Marco; Usai, Donatella

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.12.066

Cited by 43 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Egypt and north and central Nubia relied on winter cultivation of wheat and barley (Madella et al 2014; Out et al 2016). Such systems would have become increasingly difficult as one moved south (where winters were warmer) and away from the Nile (where rains were scarce or focused in summer).…”

Section: Background On the Cultivation Regimes In Northeast Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More than two millennia earlier, the phtyolith evidence from dental calculus of skeletons in Cemetery R12 indicates some processing and consumption of wheat and barley by ca. 5000 BC (Madella et al 2014; Out et al 2016). Taken together these data point to the key role for alluvium-cultivated winter cereals in the Neolithic to Bronze Age Dongola Reach.…”

Section: A Brief Survey Of the Rest Of The Sudanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Origins and Dissemination of Domesticated Sorghum and Pearl Millet across Africa and into India: a View from the Butana Group of the Far Eastern Sahel

Winchell¹,

Brass

Manzo

et al. 2018

Afr Archaeol Rev

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Four decades have passed since Harlan and Stemler ( 1976 ) proposed the eastern Sahelian zone as the most likely center of Sorghum bicolor domestication. Recently, new data on seed impressions on Butana Group pottery, from the fourth millennium BC in the southern Atbai region of the far eastern Sahelian Belt in Africa, show evidence for cultivation activities of sorghum displaying some domestication traits. Pennisetum glaucum may have been undergoing domestication shortly thereafter in the western Sahel, as finds of fully domesticated pearl millet are present in southeastern Mali by the second half of the third millennium BC, and present in eastern Sudan by the early second millennium BC. The dispersal of the latter to India took less than 1000 years according to present data. Here, we review the middle Holocene Sudanese archaeological data for the first time, to situate the origins and spread of these two native summer rainfall cereals in what is proposed to be their eastern Sahelian Sudan gateway to the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean trade.

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Section: Background On the Cultivation Regimes In Northeast Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Brief Survey Of the Rest Of The Sudanmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Origins and Dissemination of Domesticated Sorghum and Pearl Millet across Africa and into India: a View from the Butana Group of the Far Eastern Sahel

Winchell¹,

Brass

Manzo

et al. 2018

Afr Archaeol Rev

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show abstract

“…They were more mobile than during the preceding Mesolithic. Emmer and barley (winter crops originally domesticated in the Near East) were adopted and were present as far south as Al Khiday (Out et al . 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New findings on the significance of Jebel Moya in the eastern Sahel

Brass

Fuller

MacDonald

et al. 2019

Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa

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This paper presents new excavation data and new radiometric dates for Jebel Moya, south-central Sudan. These data suggest revisions to previous chronological understandings of the site. New excavations, initiated in 2017, show a longer, more continuous occupation of the site than has been previously recognised. Archaeozoological and archaeobotanical analyses provide evidence for domesticated taxa. Archaeobotanical evidence is dominated by domesticated sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), radiocarbon dated to c. 2550-2210 BC. Faunal remains include cattle and goat/sheep. A late third-millennium BC date on the human skeleton excavated in the 2017 season also shows that mortuary activity began early in the site's history, contemporary with domesticated faunal and botanical remains. These initial results indicate the long-term association of the site with pastoralism and agriculture and with environmental change. Jebel Moya's continued potential to serve as a chronological and cultural reference point for future studies in south-central Sudan and the eastern Sahel is reinforced.

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“…2014; Out et al . 2016). Either way, it is possible that changes in the socio-economic structures and symbolism of Sudanese Neolithic society prompted the search for more diverse and socially valuable materials (Salvatori & Usai 2008a; Salvatori et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The long-distance exchange of amazonite and increasing social complexity in the Sudanese Neolithic

et al. 2018

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Plant exploitation in Neolithic Sudan: A review in the light of new data from the cemeteries R12 and Ghaba

Cited by 43 publications

References 41 publications

On the Origins and Dissemination of Domesticated Sorghum and Pearl Millet across Africa and into India: a View from the Butana Group of the Far Eastern Sahel

On the Origins and Dissemination of Domesticated Sorghum and Pearl Millet across Africa and into India: a View from the Butana Group of the Far Eastern Sahel

New findings on the significance of Jebel Moya in the eastern Sahel

The long-distance exchange of amazonite and increasing social complexity in the Sudanese Neolithic

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