Plant evolution: from the depths

Willis, Katherine J.; McElwain, Jennifer C.

doi:10.1046/j.1466-822x.2002.00310_3.x

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The period in which most family origins are concentrated roughly corresponds to the onset of the Late Cretaceous to the end of the Middle Eocene. We note that this period was a time of pronounced tectonic and geological activity, and high global temperatures (Zachos et al, 2001;Willis & McElwain, 2002). Is there a link between these global events and the increased origin of angiosperm families?…”

Section: The Early Rise Of Extant Angiosperm Familiesmentioning

confidence: 88%

A metacalibrated time‐tree documents the early rise of flowering plant phylogenetic diversity

et al. 2015

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SummaryThe establishment of modern terrestrial life is indissociable from angiosperm evolution. While available molecular clock estimates of angiosperm age range from the Paleozoic to the Late Cretaceous, the fossil record is consistent with angiosperm diversification in the Early Cretaceous.The time-frame of angiosperm evolution is here estimated using a sample representing 87% of families and sequences of five plastid and nuclear markers, implementing penalized likelihood and Bayesian relaxed clocks. A literature-based review of the palaeontological record yielded calibrations for 137 phylogenetic nodes. The angiosperm crown age was bound within a confidence interval calculated with a method that considers the fossil record of the group.An Early Cretaceous crown angiosperm age was estimated with high confidence. Magnoliidae, Monocotyledoneae and Eudicotyledoneae diversified synchronously 135-130 million yr ago (Ma); Pentapetalae is 126-121 Ma; and Rosidae (123-115 Ma) preceded Asteridae (119-110 Ma). Family stem ages are continuously distributed between c. 140 and 20 Ma.This time-frame documents an early phylogenetic proliferation that led to the establishment of major angiosperm lineages, and the origin of over half of extant families, in the Cretaceous. While substantial amounts of angiosperm morphological and functional diversity have deep evolutionary roots, extant species richness was probably acquired later.

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Section: The Early Rise Of Extant Angiosperm Familiesmentioning

confidence: 88%

A metacalibrated time‐tree documents the early rise of flowering plant phylogenetic diversity

et al. 2015

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“…We focus here on trends in net diversification and speciation rates; extinction rates are hard to estimate reliably from phylogenetic trees 45 , and plant evolutionary history, contrary to animal history, does not show strong evidence of mass extinction among higher taxa, but rather alternates between plateaus and bursts of speciation 25 , suggesting that extinction is not the main driver of plant macroevolution 46 . We also expected innovation (speciation rather than extinction) to be both the most important driver and response linking herbivores and spiny plant diversification.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, Australia has been isolated from the rest of the world since the early Eocene 24 . While continental bridges clearly provided the best opportunity for terrestrial animal migrations, it is likely that they also facilitated the movement of plants 24,25 even without complete closure 26 . However, plants may also have been better able to disperse long distances (see McGlone et al 27 for an example of crossocean long-distance dispersal) even without land bridges, providing additional opportunities for intercontinental migration.…”

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confidence: 99%

The evolutionary history of spines – a Cenozoic arms race with mammals

Gélin

Charles‐Dominique

Davies

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The role of mammal herbivory in plant evolution is largely unrecognised. Spines on stems are a common and important feature found in ~9% of eudicot woody plant species worldwide. Spines evolved independently multiple times during the Cenozoic. The timing and extent of spiny plant diversification varied among continents, pointing towards continental rather than global drivers. Spine evolution is closely related to radiation of extant ungulates and extinct ground sloths, rather than climate variation. Diversification began in the Paleogene in herbivore species-rich Eurasia and North America, emerging later in the Neogene in species-poorer South America, Africa and Australia. Spiny lineages expanded their ecological footprint over non-spiny plants, mainly through intercontinental migrations, indicating that spines likely provided a competitive advantage with increasing, and novel, mammal herbivory pressure.

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“…Angiosperms appeared to have increased in abundance geologically in parallel with declining CO 2 levels, whereas other groups such as gymnosperms have declined with declining CO 2 levels (e.g. Willis & McElwain, 2002). Whether this is an explanation or correlation, the point is that in previous times, with both high CO 2 levels and nonangiosperm plants, leaf quality must have been lower than it is at present, yet these periods supported the full range of foliovores.…”

Section: Increasing Quality Of Plant Leaves As Food Through Timementioning

confidence: 97%

Measuring quality of service: phosphate ‘à la carte’ by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Requena

2005

New Phytologist

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Plant evolution: from the depths

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

A metacalibrated time‐tree documents the early rise of flowering plant phylogenetic diversity

A metacalibrated time‐tree documents the early rise of flowering plant phylogenetic diversity

The evolutionary history of spines – a Cenozoic arms race with mammals

Measuring quality of service: phosphate ‘à la carte’ by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

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