Plant E3 ligases
            <scp>SNIPER</scp>
            1 and
            <scp>SNIPER</scp>
            2 broadly regulate the homeostasis of sensor
            <scp>NLR</scp>
            immune receptors

Z, Wu; Tong, Meixuezi; Tian, Lei; Zhu, Cuizhen; Liu, Xueru; Zhang, Yuelin; Li, Xin

doi:10.15252/embj.2020104915

Cited by 40 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…As SNIPER1 has been shown to target several TNLs for ubiquitination and degradation 35 , we further tested whether activation of TNL signaling is required for PTI. Pto DC3000 hrcC-induced defense responses were examined in TNL signaling mutants including eds1-24, pad4-1, sag101-1, adr1 adr1-L1 adr1-L2 (adr1 triple) and nrg1a nrg1b nrg1c (nrg1 triple) mutants.…”

Section: Tnl Signaling Components Are Required For Defense Against Ptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Activation of TIR signaling is required for pattern-triggered immunity

Tian

Chen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Plant immune responses are mainly activated by two types of receptors. Plasma membrane-localized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize conserved features of microbes, and intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine rich repeat receptors (NLRs) recognize effector proteins from pathogens. NLRs possessing N-terminal Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains (TNLs) activate two parallel signaling pathways via the EDS1/PAD4/ADR1s and the EDS1/SAG101/NRG1s modules. The relationship between PRR-mediated pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and TIR signaling is unclear. Here we report that activation of TIR signaling plays a key role in PTI. Blocking TIR signaling by knocking out components of the EDS1/PAD4/ADR1s and EDS1/SAG101/NRG1s modules results in attenuated PTI responses such as reduced salicylic acid (SA) levels and expression of defense genes, and compromised resistance against pathogens. Consistently, PTI is attenuated in transgenic plants that have reduced accumulation of NLRs. Upon treatment with PTI elicitors such as flg22 and nlp20, a large number of genes encoding TNLs or TIR domain-containing proteins are rapidly induced, likely responsible for activating TIR signaling during PTI. In support, overexpression of some of these genes results in activation of defense responses. Overall, our study reveals that TIR signaling activation is an important mechanism for boosting plant defense during PTI.

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Section: Tnl Signaling Components Are Required For Defense Against Ptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently it was also shown that the homeostasis of sensor NLRs is broadly regulated by the redundant E3 ligases SNIPER1 (snc1-INFLUENCING PLANT E3 LIGASE REVERSE GENETIC SCREEN) and SNIPER2 35 . Overexpression of SNIPER1 leads to globally reduced sNLR levels and attenuated ETI responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of TIR signaling is required for pattern-triggered immunity

Tian

Chen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“… Zhang Y. et al (2019) deployed TurboID to determine the interactions of an immune receptor in Nicotiana benthamiana , demonstrating that TurboID at room temperature was significantly more efficient than BioID at 37°C. Recently, Wu et al (2020) replicated this approach to identify specific E3 ligase interactions through expression of TurboID-tagged E3 ligases SNIPER1 and SNIPER2 in N. benthamiana . A similar proximity labeling approach has been developed by Zhuang et al (2013) in which histidine-biotin (HB) tagged ( Tagwerker et al, 2006 ) NEDD8/RUB E2 equivalent enzyme (Ubc12) ( Figure 7D ) is linked to a RING E3 ligase of interest with its RING domain removed to prevent its interaction with ubiquitin E2 conjugating enzymes.…”

Section: Methods For Identifying E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ubiquitination in Plant Meiosis: Recent Advances and High Throughput Methods

2021

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Meiosis is a specialized cell division which is essential to sexual reproduction. The success of this highly ordered process involves the timely activation, interaction, movement, and removal of many proteins. Ubiquitination is an extraordinarily diverse post-translational modification with a regulatory role in almost all cellular processes. During meiosis, ubiquitin localizes to chromatin and the expression of genes related to ubiquitination appears to be enhanced. This may be due to extensive protein turnover mediated by proteasomal degradation. However, degradation is not the only substrate fate conferred by ubiquitination which may also mediate, for example, the activation of key transcription factors. In plant meiosis, the specific roles of several components of the ubiquitination cascade—particularly SCF complex proteins, the APC/C, and HEI10—have been partially characterized indicating diverse roles in chromosome segregation, recombination, and synapsis. Nonetheless, these components remain comparatively poorly understood to their counterparts in other processes and in other eukaryotes. In this review, we present an overview of our understanding of the role of ubiquitination in plant meiosis, highlighting recent advances, remaining challenges, and high throughput methods which may be used to overcome them.

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“…TurboID-based proximity labeling assay was performed as described previously (Wu et al, 2020; Zhang et al, 2019). In brief, N. benthamiana leaves were infiltrated with agrobacteria containing HA-TurboID and 3FLAG tagged constructs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-terminally truncated helper NLRNRG1Cantagonizes immunity mediated by its full-length neighborsNRG1AandNRG1B

Tian

2021

Preprint

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Both animals and plants utilize nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs) to perceive the presence of pathogen-derived molecules and induce immune responses. NLR genes are far more abundant and diverse in higher plants. Interestingly, truncated NLRs, which lack one or more of the canonical domains, are also commonly encoded in plant genomes. However, little is known about their functions, especially regarding the N-terminally truncated ones. Here, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) N-terminally truncated helper NLR gene NRG1C (N REQUIREMENT GENE 1) is highly induced upon pathogen infection and in autoimmune mutants. The immune response and cell death conferred by some TIR (Toll/interleukin-1 receptor)-type NLRs (TNLs) are compromised in the NRG1C overexpression lines. Detailed genetic analysis revealed that NRG1C antagonizes the immunity mediated by its full-length neighbors NRG1A and NRG1B. Biochemical tests indicate that NRG1C possibly interferes with the EDS1-SAG101 complex, which likely signals together with NRG1A/1B. Interestingly, Brassicaceae NRG1Cs are functionally exchangeable, and the Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) N-terminally truncated helper NLR NRG2 antagonizes NRG1 in tobacco. Together, our study uncovers an unexpected negative role of N-terminally truncated helper NLRs in different plants.

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Plant E3 ligases SNIPER 1 and SNIPER 2 broadly regulate the homeostasis of sensor NLR immune receptors

Cited by 40 publications

References 80 publications

Activation of TIR signaling is required for pattern-triggered immunity

Activation of TIR signaling is required for pattern-triggered immunity

Ubiquitination in Plant Meiosis: Recent Advances and High Throughput Methods

N-terminally truncated helper NLRNRG1Cantagonizes immunity mediated by its full-length neighborsNRG1AandNRG1B

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