Plant-derived medicines: A novel class of immunological adjuvants

Licciardi, Paul V.; Underwood, John R.

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2010.10.014

Cited by 93 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Further interest in trihydroxyoctadecenoates stems from their presence in beer [3,14,15], in which beverage they may contribute a bitter taste [16]. More recent studies on pinellic acid are focussed on the use of this trihydroxy oxylipin as an oral adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccines [4,[17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient and Specific Conversion of 9‐Lipoxygenase Hydroperoxides in the Beetroot. Formation of Pinellic Acid

Hámberg

Olsson

2011

Lipids

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The linoleate 9-lipoxygenase product 9(S)-hydroperoxy-10(E),12(Z)-octadecadienoic acid was stirred with a crude enzyme preparation from the beetroot (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris var. vulgaris) to afford a product consisting of 95% of 9(S),12(S),13(S)-trihydroxy-10(E)-octadecenoic acid (pinellic acid). The linolenic acid-derived hydroperoxide 9(S)-hydroperoxy-10(E),12(Z),15(Z)-octadecatrienoic acid was converted in an analogous way into 9(S),12(S),13(S)-trihydroxy-10(E),15(Z)-octadecadienoic acid (fulgidic acid). On the other hand, the 13-lipoxygenase-generated hydroperoxides of linoleic or linolenic acids failed to produce significant amounts of trihydroxy acids. Short-time incubation of 9(S)-hydroperoxy-10(E),12(Z)-octadecadienoic acid afforded the epoxy alcohol 12(R),13(S)-epoxy-9(S)-hydroxy-10(E)-octadecenoic acid as the main product indicating the sequence 9-hydroperoxide → epoxy alcohol → trihydroxy acid catalyzed by epoxy alcohol synthase and epoxide hydrolase activities, respectively. The high capacity of the enzyme system detected in beetroot combined with a simple isolation protocol made possible by the low amounts of endogenous lipids in the enzyme preparation offered an easy access to pinellic and fulgidic acids for use in biological and medical studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient and Specific Conversion of 9‐Lipoxygenase Hydroperoxides in the Beetroot. Formation of Pinellic Acid

Hámberg

Olsson

2011

Lipids

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“…In this order of ideas, natural products, especially medicinal plants have several reports about their biological effects on the immune system. These description of immunomodulatory activities are the starting point for the discovery of new compounds for immunotherapy [11]. For example, AS01 adjuvant is a mix of liposome, saponin (QS-21, derived from Quillaja saponaria) and monophosphoryl lipid A that promote antigen specific cell mediated response as well as antibody responses, and has shown the ability of increase the effectiveness of the RTS,S malaria vaccine [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioprospecting and their Role in the Innovation of Vaccine Adjuvants: Mega Diversity as a Source of Competitiveness

Bueno¹

2017

J Microb Biochem Technol

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“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the traditional medicines are used over 75 % of the world's population as a primary treatment regime, while up to 7000 chemical compounds used in the phytotherapy are derived from the plant sources (Eddouks et al 2014;Licciardi and Underwood 2011;Pan et al 2014;Veeresham 2012). Yet, a lack of genetic information of participating processes that lead to their biosynthesis Communicated by P. P. Kumar. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00299-016-2021-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-throughput sequencing and de novo transcriptome assembly of Swertia japonica to identify genes involved in the biosynthesis of therapeutic metabolites

et al. 2016

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Here, we report potential transcripts involved in the biosynthesis of therapeutic metabolites in Swertia japonica , the first report of transcriptome assembly, and characterization of the medicinal plant from Swertia genus. Swertia genus, representing over 170 plant species including herbs such as S. chirata, S. hookeri, S. longifolia, S. japonica, among others, have been used as the traditional medicine in China, India, Korea, and Japan for thousands of years. Due to the lack of genomic and transcriptomic resources, little is known about the molecular basis involved in the biosynthesis of characteristic key bioactive metabolites. Here, we performed deep-transcriptome sequencing for the aerial tissues and the roots of S. japonica, generating over 2 billion raw reads with an average length of 101 bps. Using a combined approach of three popular assemblers, de novo transcriptome assembly for S. japonica was obtained, yielding 81,729 unigenes having an average length of 884 bps and N50 value of 1452 bps, of which 46,963 unigenes were annotated based on the sequence similarity against NCBI-nr protein database. Annotation of transcriptome assembly resulted in the identification of putative genes encoding all enzymes from the key therapeutic metabolite biosynthesis pathways. Transcript abundance analysis, gene ontology enrichment analysis, and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed metabolic processes being up-regulated in the aerial tissues with respect to the roots of S. japonica. We also identified 37 unigenes as potential candidates involved in the glycosylation of bioactive metabolites. Being the first report of transcriptome assembly and annotation for any of the Swertia species, this study will be a valuable resource for future investigations on the biosynthetic pathways of therapeutic metabolites and their regulations.

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Plant-derived medicines: A novel class of immunological adjuvants

Cited by 93 publications

References 111 publications

Efficient and Specific Conversion of 9‐Lipoxygenase Hydroperoxides in the Beetroot. Formation of Pinellic Acid

Efficient and Specific Conversion of 9‐Lipoxygenase Hydroperoxides in the Beetroot. Formation of Pinellic Acid

Bioprospecting and their Role in the Innovation of Vaccine Adjuvants: Mega Diversity as a Source of Competitiveness

High-throughput sequencing and de novo transcriptome assembly of Swertia japonica to identify genes involved in the biosynthesis of therapeutic metabolites

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