Plant-derived mAbs have effective anti-cancer activities by increasing ganglioside expression in colon cancers

Abstract

An epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) was selectively expressed in human colorectal carcinoma. Treatment with plant-derived anti-EpCAM mAb (mAbP CO17-1A) and RAW264.7 cells inhibited cell growth in the human colorectal cancer cell line SW620. In SW620 treated with mAbP CO17-1A and RAW264.7 cells, expression of p53 and p21 increased, whereas the expression of G1 phase-related proteins, cyclin D1, CDK4, cyclin E, and CDK2, decreased, similar to mammalian-derived mAb (mAbM) CO17-1A. Similar to mAbM CO17-1A, treatment with mAbP CO17-1A and RAW264.7 cell decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, but the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, TNF-α, caspase-3, caspase-6, caspase-8 and caspase-9, increased. Cells treated with mAbP CO17-1A and RAW264.7 cells expressed metastasis-related gangliosides, GM1 and GD1a, similar to mAbM CO17-1A. These results suggest that mAbP CO17-1A is as effective on anti-cancer activity as mAbM CO17-1A.

Relationship between ganglioside expression and anti-cancer effects of a plant-derived antibody in breast cancer cells

“…We have previously shown that mAb P COK expressed in tobacco plants suppressed cancer cell proliferation and changed the expression pattern of certain gangliosides, such as GD1a and GM1, in colorectal cancer cells (Ryu et al 2013). A previous study has reported that anti-cancer mAbs produced by transgenic Arabidopsis plants specifically recognize the tumor-associated antigen GA733-2 (Song et al 2018).…”

“…Because of this, GA733-2 has been elucidated as a marvelous candidate for anti-cancer therapeutic agent due to its potential clinical significance (Staib et al 2001). Ryu et al (2013) have suggested that transgenic plant-derived mAb COK and mAb M COK have a remarkable similarity in binding human colorectal cancer cells. The mAb COK is as effective as mAb M COK in suppressing the proliferation and tumor growth in in vivo (Ko et al 2005).…”

Growth Suppression of Colorectal Cancer by Plant-Derived Multiple mAb CO17-1A × BR55 via Inhibition of ERK1/2 Phosphorylation

“…Western blot was done as described previously by one laboratory [ 15 ]. Briefly, the SW620 colorectal cancer cells and tumor tissues were homogenized in RIPA buffer (Sigma), and then centrifuged at 13,000 rpm for 20 min at 4 °C.…”

“…According to a previous study, that recombinant mAb CO17-1A has been expressed and assembled in tobacco plant by using the tobacco mosaic virus vector system [ 14 ]. Although such a plant virus expression system is potentially more rapid and efficient than transgenic plants, it has several drawbacks, because of transient gene expression, high mutation and large amounts of foreign genes during plant RNA viral replication [ 15 , 16 ]. In contrast, transgenic plants provide stable gene insertion and ease of propagation through the tissue culture of seedling [ 17 ].…”