Plant‐derived exosomes: A new dimension in cancer therapy

Abstract

Cancer is the most challenging and unresolved global health crisis. A large scientific society is working on its therapeutic approach development. Several cancer treatment approaches have been developed but have proven effective in complex toxicity. The invention of extracellular vesicles (EVs) opens a new chapter in cancer research.EVs are secreted by all active cells and their main classification are apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and exosomes. Exosomes receive a lot of attention in cancer research. Their main involvement in cellular communication and, based on this, the cell status (health or pathological condition) is emphasized. Cancer cells release exosomes, which are thought to be an exciting factor in the regulation of several events in cancer, including uncontrolled cell growth, immunosuppression, angiogenesis, metastasis, drugs, development of therapeutic resistance, and cancer stem cell development. Impressive activity observed that the plant derives exosomes (PDXs) that exhibit carcinogenic properties. Various vegetables and fruits are the

Exosome: A megastar of future cancer personalized and precision medicine

“…Toxicologicalis expects to require a more detailed examination in future clinical applications 12 . Overall PDExo shows impressive anti‐cancer activity 11,12 . Exosome‐based immunotherapy 13 develop based on immune cells‐derived exosomes and TEXs.…”

“…9 Plant-derived exosomes (PDExo) are a new member of cancer therapy, and the source of plant-derived exosomes is fruits, vegetables and different parts of plants. 11 PDExo is the source of several antioxidants and antiinflammatory molecules. In cancer, PDExo is a potential tool for therapeutic molecule transport.…”

“…12 Overall PDExo shows impressive anti-cancer activity. 11,12 Exosome-based immunotherapy 13 develop based on immune cells-derived exosomes and TEXs. Dendritic cells (DCs) derived exosomes are the most popular approach.…”

Decoding of exosome heterogeneity for cancer theranostics

“…The single cells exosome profiling approach combines with machine learning for more precision cancer marker development 14 . All these technological advancements support constructing the next‐generation promising cancer theranostic era based on exosomes 15,16 . Finally, decoding exosome heterogeneity opens a new door for exosome‐based precision medicine 17 and vaccines 18 for cancer.…”

“…14 All these technological advancements support constructing the next-generation promising cancer theranostic era based on exosomes. 15,16 Finally, decoding exosome heterogeneity opens a new door for exosome-based precision medicine 17 and vaccines 18 for cancer. We hope this article encourages large-scale EV research to explore a single exosome profiling approach and future exosome-based cancer precision medicine development.…”