Plant-Derived Alkaloids

Dey, Abhijit; Mukherjee, Anuradha

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809593-5.00006-9

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 317 publications

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“…The performance of Aspidocarpine in the rotarod test was similar to that of other alkaloids that showed neuroprotective activity associated with anti-inflammatory activity [ 32 , 33 ]. In addition, the ability of some alkaloids to inhibit the release of inflammatory factors was also related to cardioprotective activities [ 2 , 34 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Antihypertensive Activity of the Alkaloid Aspidocarpine in Normotensive Wistar Rats

Monteiro

Nogueira

et al. 2022

Molecules

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The alkaloid Aspidocarpine was isolated from the bark of Aspidosperma desmanthum. Its structure was elucidated by the spectral data of 1H and 13C-NMR (1D and 2D) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRESIMS). The antihypertensive activity was investigated by intravenous infusion in Wistar rats. This alkaloid significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the systolic, median, and diastolic blood pressures of rodents, without causing motor incoordination and imbalance in the rotarod test. The results indicate that the alkaloid Aspidocarpine exerts its antihypertensive activity without causing sedation or the impairment of motor functions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Antihypertensive Activity of the Alkaloid Aspidocarpine in Normotensive Wistar Rats

Monteiro

Nogueira

et al. 2022

Molecules

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“…Since the polarity of aquadest is lower comparatively than petroleum ether and chloroform, the extraction ability of tomatidine is shown lower in aquadest. Tomatidine is a phytosteroid that can naturally be found in green tomatoes and leaves and degrades in ripe tomatoes [27]. Therefore, the B A Trends Sci.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomatidine Extraction from Various Solvents and Cancer Inhibition Mechanism Through In Silico Analysis

Lisdiana,

Iswari,

Christijanti

et al. 2023

Trends Sci

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Tomatidine is an alkaloid-steroid contained in tomato plant organs that potentially developed as an anti-cancer molecule. However, inappropriate use of solvents is frequently becoming an obstacle in the extractions process. In addition, the mechanism of action of tomatidine in the inhibition of cancer cell signaling pathways needs to be investigated. Therefore, this research aims to discover an appropriate solvent to extract tomatidine effectively, and to analyze the inhibition mechanism of tomatidine against the cancer growth pathway. A total of 80 kg of fresh tomatoes were cut into pieces and steamed at 120 °C for 30 min, then mashed and soaked for 3 days in 70 % ethanol, aquadest, petroleum ether, and chloroform separately, continued with GC/MS analysis. Molecular docking was conducted using targeted proteins including B-Raf proto-oncogen serine/ threonine protein kinase (BRAF), Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), Smoothened protein (SMO), Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), and Tyrosine-protein kinase/ Janus kinase-1 (JAK1). The ligand-receptor was performed using AutoDock Vina v1.2.0. The highest extracted tomatidine was found in chloroform at 2.44 % of total alkaloid-steroid, and cannot be found in water. The highest interaction is observed in the SMO-tomatidine interaction complex, followed by JAK-1. Furthermore, physicochemical properties of tomatidine make it invaginated into the hydrophobic side of the target proteins that are mainly triggered by van der Waals and alkyl interaction. Based on the in-silico study, tomatidine significantly interacted in the oncogenic signaling pathways that therapeutically potential inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Further study should be focused on the effectiveness analysis of the SHH signaling pathway in the cancer cell. HIGHLIGHTS Important findings in this study include: Tomatidine, an alkaloid-steroid, is properly extracted in chloroform, petroleum ether and 70 % ethanol, however cannot extracted in aquadest. Furthermore, the aquadest content in 70 % ethanol is likely to reduce the solubility of the tomatidine The tomatidine physicochemical property provides a closed covalent bond that makes it more insoluble in the polar solvent. The only polar side is supported by the hydroxyl group in C-4, side chain C-17, and amide side in N-24 that allowed hydrogen bond formation which is relevant to the docking result In molecular docking, tomatidine strongly triggers Van der Waal forces, alkyl, and pi interaction than hydrogen bond or ionic force Interestingly, ligand-receptor interaction always makes tomatidine invaginated or folded into the protein hydrophobic side and strongly attract non-polar and aromatic amino acid, mostly Val, Ala, Leu, and Phe The significant finding is that tomatidine creates valid interactions with CDK2, BRAF, VEGFA, JAK1, and SMO that are involved in cancer cell proliferation, evading apoptosis, and sustained angiogenesis. The highest interaction is observed in the SMO-tomatidine interaction complex, which may affect the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway (one of the most significant oncogenic pathways in various types of cancer) Tomatidine is therapeutically potential to inhibit cancer cell proliferation through protein inhibition activities against the SHH signaling pathway in the cancer cell GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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“…These are mostly helpful in the treatment of various neurodegenerative illnesses. These phytochemicals are beneficial against schizophrenia via changing acetylcholine concentration, boosting GABA, antagonizing N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, antioxidant action, anti-amyloid activity and reducing neuro-inflammation [14]. Stepholidine, a protoberberine alkaloid, has a special feature of combined D1 agonist and D2 antagonist effect and is useful in improving memory deficit in schizophrenia [15].…”

Section: Role Of Alkaloids In Management Of Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of phytochemicals in management of schizophrenia

Perveen,

Kanwal,

S. Alqahtani

et al. 2024

New Approaches to the Management and Diagnosis of Schizophrenia [Working Title]

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Bioactive substances derived from plants, created by them for defense, are known as phytochemicals. Alkaloids, glycosides, polyphenols, terpenes and terpenoids, phytosterols, cannabinoids and carotenoids are the different categories of phytochemicals. Schizophrenia is associated with changes in the structure of the brain, decrease of dendritic spines from pyramidal neurons in the cortex, loss of gray matter and enlarged ventricles. Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized behavior and amotivation are some symptoms of schizophrenia. Phytochemicals are a key component of the management of schizophrenia. Alkaloids can operate as cholinergic agonists on muscarinic receptors and improve memory deficits. Glycosides target ErbB signaling, inhibit D3/D4 receptors and change dopamine and serotonin metabolism. Because of their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties, polyphenols display neuroprotective and anti-schizophrenic activity. Terpenes and terpenoids act on the glutamate and dopamine pathways and inhibit glycinergic action. Cannabinoids have an anti-schizophrenic effect plus boost GABAergic activity and prevent serotonin uptake. Phytosterols have antipsychotic potential by blocking ketamine-induced biochemical, histological and behavioral changes. Because they regulate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), carotenoids show significant potential for treating a variety of central nervous system problems. They are also an excellent antipsychotic medication.

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Plant-Derived Alkaloids

Cited by 20 publications

References 317 publications

Antihypertensive Activity of the Alkaloid Aspidocarpine in Normotensive Wistar Rats

Antihypertensive Activity of the Alkaloid Aspidocarpine in Normotensive Wistar Rats

Tomatidine Extraction from Various Solvents and Cancer Inhibition Mechanism Through In Silico Analysis

Role of phytochemicals in management of schizophrenia

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