Plant defense strategies against attack by multiple herbivores

Bobadilla, Maite Fernández de; Vitiello, Alessia; Erb, Matthias; Poelman, Erik H.

doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2021.12.010

Cited by 37 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Plants induce defenses against insect herbivory, which can affect subsequent later-arriving herbivores (Erb et al, 2011;Huang et al, 2017). Although multi-herbivore attack is common, surprisingly little is known about the outcomes of such interactions across different plant-herbivore systems (Fernández de Bobadilla et al, 2022). For example, plants must frequently navigate tradeoffs between enhancing resistance against one herbivore while possibly increasing susceptibility to the following herbivore (Stam et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Undercover operation: Belowground insect herbivory modifies systemic plant defense and repels aboveground foraging insect herbivores

et al. 2022

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Plants attacked by insects may induce defenses locally in attacked plant tissues and/or systemically in non-attacked tissues, such as aboveground herbivory affecting belowground roots or belowground herbivory modifying aboveground tissues (i.e., cross-compartment systemic defense). Through induced systemic plant defenses, above-and belowground insect herbivores indirectly interact when feeding on a shared host plant. However, determining the systemic effects of herbivory on cross-compartment plant tissues and cascading consequences for herbivore communities remains underexplored. The goal of this study was to determine how belowground striped cucumber beetle (Acalymma vittatum) larval herbivory alters aboveground zucchini squash (Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo) defenses and interactions with herbivores, including adult cucumber beetles and squash bugs (Anasa tristis). To explore this question, field and laboratory experiments were conducted to compare responses of aboveground herbivores to belowground larvae-damaged plants and non-damaged control plants. We also characterized changes in defensive chemicals and nutritional content of aboveground plant structures following belowground herbivory. We discovered belowground herbivory enhanced aboveground plant resistance and deterred aboveground foraging herbivores. We also found that larvae-damaged plants emitted higher amounts of a key volatile compound, (E)-β-ocimene, compared to non-damaged controls. Further investigation suggests that other mechanisms, such as plant nutrient content, may additionally contribute to aboveground herbivore foraging decisions. Collectively, our findings underscore connections between above-and belowground herbivore communities as mediated through induced systemic defenses of a shared host plant. Specifically, these findings indicate that belowground larval herbivory systemically enhances plant defenses and deters a suite of aboveground herbivores, suggesting larvae may manipulate aboveground plant defenses for their own benefit, while plants may benefit from enhanced systemic defenses against multi-herbivore attack.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Undercover operation: Belowground insect herbivory modifies systemic plant defense and repels aboveground foraging insect herbivores

et al. 2022

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“…The evolution of plant defenses and herbivore counter defenses has led to a suite of plant defenses that includes physical and chemical mechanisms (Turleyet al 2013). In some cases, these defenses can be very general and serve to limit herbivory across a large range of insects (Fernández de Bobadilla et al 2022), but others can be very focused to deal with specialized herbivores (Chen 2008). Plant defenses are one of the major determinants of herbivore host range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host use by 2 sibling species of bogus yucca moths in relation to plant hardness and saponin content

Luna

Mohanbabu

Johnson

et al. 2023

Environmental Entomology

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Plant defenses allow plants to deter or kill their insect herbivores and are considered to be a major driver of host use for herbivorous insects in both ecological and evolutionary time. Many closely related species of insect herbivores differ in their ability to respond to plant defenses and in some cases are specialized to specific plant species. Here we tested whether both mechanical and chemical plant defenses are a major factor in determining the host range of 2 sibling species of Prodoxid bogus yucca moths, Prodoxus decipiens (Riley) and Prodoxus quinquepunctellus (Chambers) that feed within the inflorescence stalk of Yucca species. These 2 moth species have separate suites of host plant species, yet narrowly overlap geographically and share 1 Yucca species, Y. glauca. We surveyed the lignin and cellulose content, the force required to the puncture the stalk tissue, and saponin concentration across 5 Yucca species used as hosts. Lignin, cellulose concentrations, and stalk hardness differed among Yucca species but did not correlate with host use patterns by the moths. Saponin concentrations in the stalk tissue were relatively low for yuccas (<1%) and did not differ among species. The results suggest that these moth species should be able to use each other’s hosts for egg deposition. Additional factors such as larval development or competition among larvae for feeding space may serve to keep moth species from expanding onto plants used by its sibling species.

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“…Hence, sectoriality from an ecological and evolutionary perspective offers a means for the plant to tailor its response to the location and severity of herbivore attack so as not to over-tax its growth resources. Even so, there are some who would argue there are benefits to a plant’s ability to mount a full-scale defensive response especially if attack is severe and long-lasting that a selective tailored response can risk catastrophic unrecoverable losses to tissues resulting in death [ 24 ]. In fact, defense induction in some sectorial plant species including tomato [ 25 ] and Arabidopsis [ 26 ] has been shown to be highly integrated across all tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatments with Liquid Smoke and Certain Chemical Constituents Prevalent in Smoke Reduce Phloem Vascular Sectoriality in the Sunflower with Improvement to Growth

Noel

Benoit

Wilder

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Many higher plants possess a physiological organization that is based upon the carbon economy of their parts. While photosynthates are partitioned according to the relative strength of the plant’s sink tissues, in many species there is also a very close relationship between partitioning, phyllotaxy and vascular connectivity giving rise to sectorial patterns of allocation. Here, we examined the influence of smoke and certain chemical constituents prevalent in smoke including, catechol, resorcinol and hydroquinone on phloem vascular sectoriality in common sunflower (Helianthis annuus L.), as a model plant for sectoriality. By administering radioactive carbon-11 to a single source leaf as 11CO2, 11C-photosynthate allocation patterns were examined using autoradiography. A 1:200 aqueous dilution of liquid smoke treated soil caused 2.6-fold and 2.5-fold reductions in phloem sectoriality in sink leaves and roots, respectively. Treatment with catechol (1,2-d ihydroxybenzene) or resorcinol (1,3-dihydroxybenzene), polyphenolic constituents that are prevalent in smoke, caused similar reductions in phloem sectoriality in the same targeted sink tissues. However, treatment with hydroquinone (1,4-dihydroxybenzene) had no effect. Finally, the longer-term effects of smoke exposure on plant growth and performance were examined using outdoor potted plants grown over the 2022 season. Plants exposed to liquid smoke treatments of the soil on a weekly basis had larger thicker leaves possessing 35% greater lignin content than untreated control plants. They also had thicker stems although the lignin content was the same as controls. Additionally, plants exposed to treatment produced twice the number of flowers with no difference in their disk floret diameters as untreated controls. Altogether, loss of phloem sectoriality from exposure to liquid smoke in the sunflower model benefited plant performance.

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Plant defense strategies against attack by multiple herbivores

Cited by 37 publications

References 60 publications

Undercover operation: Belowground insect herbivory modifies systemic plant defense and repels aboveground foraging insect herbivores

Undercover operation: Belowground insect herbivory modifies systemic plant defense and repels aboveground foraging insect herbivores

Host use by 2 sibling species of bogus yucca moths in relation to plant hardness and saponin content

Treatments with Liquid Smoke and Certain Chemical Constituents Prevalent in Smoke Reduce Phloem Vascular Sectoriality in the Sunflower with Improvement to Growth

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