Plant defence to sequential attack is adapted to prevalent herbivores

Mertens, Daan; Bobadilla, Maite Fernández de; Rusman, Quint; Bloem, J.; Poelman, Erik H.

doi:10.1038/s41477-021-00999-7

Cited by 49 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Furthermore, four exposures to attack by the other leaf chewer ( A. rosae ) did not make the plant more resistant to P. xylostella caterpillars . The absence of induced resistance by the other chewer, indicates that the induced response found on plants attacked four times by P. xylostella is not just a general defence mechanism in response to chewers, but that there is specificity in induced defence within feeding guilds (Mertens et al 2021b ). Similar specificity in induced resistance was found for Solanum dulcamara L. (bittersweet).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Larvae of this insect are specialists on brassicaceous plants and feed on foliar tissue, buds and flowers. P. xylostella typically arrives later in the vegetative growing season of B. nigra plants and often has to deal with plants previously damaged by other herbivores (Mertens et al 2021b ). B. brassicae and P. xylostella were reared on Brussels sprouts ( Brassica oleracea L. var.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the phloem feeders, middle-sized adults were used, allowing for population growth during the induction period. The number of individuals per species initially introduced is representative for natural herbivore communities on B. nigra plants (Mertens et al 2021b ). We also prepared control plants that did not receive any inducing herbivore, but were otherwise treated in a similar way as plants receiving herbivores (i.e., on those plants only caterpillars of the receiving herbivore P. xylostella were introduced to measure the baseline of performance of this species on undamaged plants).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We subjected black mustard ( B. nigra ) plants to attack by 12 different sequences of herbivory or left the plants without herbivory and investigated the performance of Plutella xylostella on the induced plants. Under natural conditions, individual B. nigra plants are attacked by at least four up to twelve different herbivore species over their life-time (Mertens et al 2021b ; Poelman et al 2009 ). It is a common annual in Europe, invasive on other parts of the globe and is used by several research groups as a model plant for ecological and physiological studies of plant–insect interactions (van Dam et al 2005 ; Lankau and Strauss 2008 ; Mertens et al 2021b ; Oduor et al 2011 ; Papazian et al 2019 ; Pashalidou et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under natural conditions, individual B. nigra plants are attacked by at least four up to twelve different herbivore species over their life-time (Mertens et al 2021b ; Poelman et al 2009 ). It is a common annual in Europe, invasive on other parts of the globe and is used by several research groups as a model plant for ecological and physiological studies of plant–insect interactions (van Dam et al 2005 ; Lankau and Strauss 2008 ; Mertens et al 2021b ; Oduor et al 2011 ; Papazian et al 2019 ; Pashalidou et al 2020 ). We manipulated the number of times there were leaf-chewing or phloem-feeding insects in the four incidences of herbivore attack, as well as the order of the attackers and their species identity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasticity in induced resistance to sequential attack by multiple herbivores in Brassica nigra

et al. 2021

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In nature, plants interact with multiple insect herbivores that may arrive simultaneously or sequentially. There is extensive knowledge on how plants defend themselves against single or dual attack. However, we lack information on how plants defend against the attack of multiple herbivores that arrive sequentially. In this study, we investigated whether Brassica nigra L. plants are able to defend themselves against caterpillars of the late-arriving herbivore Plutella xylostella L., when plants had been previously exposed to sequential attack by four other herbivores (P. xylostella, Athalia rosae, Myzus persicae and Brevicoryne brassicae). We manipulated the order of arrival and the history of attack by four herbivores to investigate which patterns in sequential herbivory determine resistance against the fifth attacker. We recorded that history of sequential herbivore attack differentially affected the capability of B. nigra plants to defend themselves against caterpillars of P. xylostella. Caterpillars gained less weight on plants attacked by a sequence of four episodes of attack by P. xylostella compared to performance on plants that were not previously damaged by herbivores. The number of times the plant was attacked by herbivores of the same feeding guild, the identity of the first attacker, the identity and the guild of the last attacker as well as the order of attackers within the sequence of multiple herbivores influenced the growth of the subsequent herbivory. In conclusion, this study shows that history of sequential attack is an important factor determining plant resistance to herbivores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasticity in induced resistance to sequential attack by multiple herbivores in Brassica nigra

et al. 2021

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Plant Secondary Metabolites for Defense Against Herbivores

Divekar,

Mishra,

Singh

2023

Reference Series in Phytochemistry

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A Pine in Distress: How Infection by Different Pathogenic Fungi Affect Lodgepole Pine Chemical Defenses

et al. 2023

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In North America, lodgepole pine is frequently subjected to attacks by various biotic disturbances that compromise its ability to defend against subsequent attacks by insect herbivores. We investigated whether infections of lodgepole pine by different pathogenic fungal species have varying effects on its defense chemistry. We selected two common pathogens: Atropellis canker and western gall rust, affecting mature lodgepole pine trees in western Canada. We also included three ophiostomoid fungi associated with the mountain pine beetle, Grosmannia clavigera, Ophiostoma montium, and Leptographium longiclavatum because symbiotic fungi are commonly used to investigate induced defenses of host trees of bark beetles. We collected phloem samples from lodgepole pine trees infected with the rust or the canker, and healthy lodgepole pine trees in the same stand. We also inoculated mature lodgepole pine trees with the three fungal symbionts and collected phloem two weeks later when the defense chemistry at its highest level. All samples were analyzed for their terpene composition in gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry. Different pathogenic fungal species differentially altered the terpene chemistry of lodgepole pine trees. Western gall rust and the beetle-fungal symbionts altered the tree terpene chemistry in a similar fashion while trees responded to the infection by the Atropellis canker differently. Our study highlights the importance of considering speci c biotic stress agents in tree susceptibility or resistance to the subsequent biotic attacks by insect herbivores, such as mountain pine beetle.

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Plant defence to sequential attack is adapted to prevalent herbivores

Cited by 49 publications

References 39 publications

Plasticity in induced resistance to sequential attack by multiple herbivores in Brassica nigra

Plasticity in induced resistance to sequential attack by multiple herbivores in Brassica nigra

Plant Secondary Metabolites for Defense Against Herbivores

A Pine in Distress: How Infection by Different Pathogenic Fungi Affect Lodgepole Pine Chemical Defenses

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