Plant Colonization by the Vascular Wilt Fungus <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Requires <i>FOW1</i>, a Gene Encoding a Mitochondrial Protein

Inoue, Itaru; Namiki, Fumio; Tsuge, Takashi

doi:10.1105/tpc.002576

Cited by 121 publications

(106 citation statements)

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“…A similar glyoxylate cycle-enhancing strategy has been reported for Candida albicans infection (Lorenz and Fink, 2001) and M. oryzae infection (Wang et al, 2003). In the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum, FOW1, which shares 98% identity with CIC1, was shown to be important for virulence (Inoue et al, 2002). However, it was unclear how a mitochondrial protein that is not required for saprophytic growth could specifically function in pathogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Planta Stage-Specific Fungal Gene Profiling Elucidates the Molecular Strategies of Fusarium graminearum Growing inside Wheat Coleoptiles

et al. 2012

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The ascomycete Fusarium graminearum is a destructive fungal pathogen of wheat (Triticum aestivum). To better understand how this pathogen proliferates within the host plant, we tracked pathogen growth inside wheat coleoptiles and then examined pathogen gene expression inside wheat coleoptiles at 16, 40, and 64 h after inoculation (HAI) using laser capture microdissection and microarray analysis. We identified 344 genes that were preferentially expressed during invasive growth in planta. Gene expression profiles for 134 putative plant cell wall-degrading enzyme genes suggest that there was limited cell wall degradation at 16 HAI and extensive degradation at 64 HAI. Expression profiles for genes encoding reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related enzymes suggest that F. graminearum primarily scavenges extracellular ROS before a later burst of extracellular ROS is produced by F. graminearum enzymes. Expression patterns of genes involved in primary metabolic pathways suggest that F. graminearum relies on the glyoxylate cycle at an early stage of plant infection. A secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene cluster was specifically induced at 64 HAI and was required for virulence. Our results indicate that F. graminearum initiates infection of coleoptiles using covert penetration strategies and switches to overt cellular destruction of tissues at an advanced stage of infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Planta Stage-Specific Fungal Gene Profiling Elucidates the Molecular Strategies of Fusarium graminearum Growing inside Wheat Coleoptiles

et al. 2012

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“…Vectors pYTGFP-N and pYTGFP-C were made for Nterminal and C-terminal fusions of GFP, respectively, to target proteins (24). As a control, we used plasmid pYTGFPc, which carries only the GFP ORF under the control of the trpC promoter and terminator (24). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression vectors pYTGFP-N and pYTGFP-C were used to make FoSTUA-GFP gene fusion vectors. These vectors contain the GFP (enhanced GFP [EGFP]) ORF fused to the A. nidulans trpC promoter and terminator (24,27,36). Vectors pYTGFP-N and pYTGFP-C were made for Nterminal and C-terminal fusions of GFP, respectively, to target proteins (24).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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FoSTUA, Encoding a Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein, Differentially Regulates Development of Three Kinds of Asexual Spores, Macroconidia, Microconidia, and Chlamydospores, in the Fungal Plant PathogenFusarium oxysporum

Ohara

Tsuge

2004

Eukaryot Cell

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The soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum causes vascular wilt of a wide variety of plant species. F. oxysporum produces three kinds of asexual spores, macroconidia, microconidia, and chlamydospores. Falcate macroconidia are formed generally from terminal phialides on conidiophores and rarely from intercalary phialides on hyphae. Ellipsoidal microconidia are formed from intercalary phialides on hyphae. Globose chlamydospores with thick walls are developed by the modification of hyphal and conidial cells. Here we describe FoSTUA of F. oxysporum, which differentially regulates the development of macroconidia, microconidia, and chlamydospores. FoSTUA encodes a basic helix-loop-helix protein with similarity to Aspergillus nidulans StuA, which has been identified as a transcriptional regulator controlling conidiation. Nuclear localization of FoStuA was verified by using strains expressing FoStuA-green fluorescent protein fusions. The FoSTUA-targeted mutants exhibited normal microconidium formation in cultures. However, the mutants lacked conidiophores and produced macroconidia at low frequencies only from intercalary phialides. Thus, FoSTUA appears to be necessary to induce conidiophore differentiation. In contrast, chlamydospore formation was dramatically promoted in the mutants. These data demonstrate that FoStuA is a positive regulator and a negative regulator for the development of macroconidia and chlamydospores, respectively, and is dispensable for microconidium formation in cultures. The disease-causing ability of F. oxysporum was not affected by mutations in FoSTUA. However, the mutants produced markedly fewer macroconidia and microconidia in infected plants than the wild type. These results suggest that FoSTUA also has an important role for microconidium formation specifically in infected plants.

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“…Recently, the mitochondrial Fow1 protein of Fusarium oxysporum was identified as a first mitochondrial virulence determinant of a plant pathogenic fungus (Inoue et al, 2002). Fow1 displays high similarity to mitochondrial carrier proteins of yeast.…”

Section: Expression Of Lga2 Affects Mitochondrial Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ustilago maydis a2 Mating-Type Locus Genes lga2 and rga2 Compromise Pathogenicity in the Absence of the Mitochondrial p32 Family Protein Mrb1

et al. 2004

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The Ustilago maydis mrb1 gene specifies a mitochondrial matrix protein with significant similarity to mitochondrial p32 family proteins known from human and many other eukaryotic species. Compatible mrb1 mutant strains were able to mate and form dikaryotic hyphae; however, proliferation within infected tissue and the ability to induce tumor development of infected maize (Zea mays) plants were drastically impaired. Surprisingly, manifestation of the mrb1 mutant phenotype selectively depended on the a2 mating type locus. The a2 locus contains, in addition to pheromone signaling components, the genes lga2 and rga2 of unknown function. Deletion of lga2 in an a2Dmrb1 strain fully restored pathogenicity, whereas pathogenicity was partially regained in an a2Dmrb1Drga2 strain, implicating a concerted action between Lga2 and Rga2 in compromising pathogenicity in Dmrb1 strains. Lga2 and Rga2 localized to mitochondria and Mrb1 interacted with Rga2 in the yeast two-hybrid system. Conditional expression of lga2 in haploid cells reduced vegetative growth, conferred mitochondrial fragmentation and mitochondrial DNA degradation, and interfered with respiratory activity. The consequences of lga2 overexpression depended on the expression strength and were greatly exacerbated in Dmrb1 mutants. We propose that Lga2 interferes with mitochondrial fusion and that Mrb1 controls this activity, emphasizing a critical link between mitochondrial morphology and pathogenicity.

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Plant Colonization by the Vascular Wilt Fungus Fusarium oxysporum Requires FOW1, a Gene Encoding a Mitochondrial Protein

Cited by 121 publications

References 49 publications

In Planta Stage-Specific Fungal Gene Profiling Elucidates the Molecular Strategies of Fusarium graminearum Growing inside Wheat Coleoptiles

In Planta Stage-Specific Fungal Gene Profiling Elucidates the Molecular Strategies of Fusarium graminearum Growing inside Wheat Coleoptiles

FoSTUA, Encoding a Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein, Differentially Regulates Development of Three Kinds of Asexual Spores, Macroconidia, Microconidia, and Chlamydospores, in the Fungal Plant PathogenFusarium oxysporum

The Ustilago maydis a2 Mating-Type Locus Genes lga2 and rga2 Compromise Pathogenicity in the Absence of the Mitochondrial p32 Family Protein Mrb1

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