PLANT CHEMISTRY AND NATURAL ENEMY FITNESS: Effects on Herbivore and Natural Enemy Interactions

Ode, Paul J.

doi:10.1146/annurev.ento.51.110104.151110

Cited by 426 publications

(390 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…A great deal of research on plant resistance to herbivores has focused on the induction of defenses post herbivore feeding [1]. However, various structural defenses, including the waxy plant cuticle, leaf and internode spines, and trichomes, can act to deter herbivory even prior to the onset of feeding [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf trichomes affect caterpillar feeding in an instar-specific manner

Kariyat

Hardison

Ryan

et al. 2018

Communicative & Integrative Biology

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Leaf trichomes play well-established roles in defense against insect herbivores, both as a physical barrier that impedes herbivore movement and by mediating chemical defenses. However, little work has examined how different trichome types influence herbivory by herbivores at different stages of development. We examined whether caterpillar instar and trichome type (glandular or non-glandular) affected the ability of the specialist herbivore caterpillar Manduca sexta to initiate feeding on 11 Solanaceous species exhibiting variation in the density and type of leaf trichomes. Our results suggest that non-glandular trichomes are far more effective than glandular trichomes in deterring the initiation of feeding by first- and second-instar caterpillars. Meanwhile, neither glandular nor non-glandular trichomes significantly affected the ability of third-instar caterpillars to commence feeding. These findings suggest that while non-glandular trichomes deter feeding initiation by early instar caterpillars, the contribution of both trichomes on later instars may depend on effects after feeding initiation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf trichomes affect caterpillar feeding in an instar-specific manner

Kariyat

Hardison

Ryan

et al. 2018

Communicative & Integrative Biology

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“…However, one of the major problems with this argument is that it assumes that the development of natural enemies is independent of plant quality, thus ignoring that natural enemies obtain their nutrition indirectly from the plant through the herbivore. A number of studies have reported that allelochemicals in the diet of hosts or prey negatively affect the development of their parasitoids and predators (Barbosa et al 1986, Duffey et al 1986Gunasena et al 1990;Traugott and Stamp 1996;Havill and Raffa 2000;reviewed by Harvey 2005 andOde 2006). Further, the effects of allelochemicals may even be manifested in the fourth trophic level (Orr and Boethel 1986;Harvey et al 2003;Soler et al 2005), showing that they can work their way up through the food chain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Insect Herbivore and its Pupal Parasitoid Reflect Differences in Direct Plant Defense

et al. 2007

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In nature, plants defend themselves by production of allelochemicals that are toxic to herbivores. There may be considerable genetic variation in the expression of chemical defenses because of various selection pressures. In this study, we examined the development of the small cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae, and its gregarious pupal ectoparasitoid, Pteromalus puparum, when reared on three wild populations (Kimmeridge, Old Harry, Winspit) of cabbage, Brassica oleracea, and a Brussels sprout cultivar. Wild plant populations were obtained from seeds of plants that grow naturally along the south coast of Dorset, England. Significant differences in concentrations of allelochemicals (glucosinolates) were found in leaves of plants damaged by P. rapae. Total glucosinolate concentrations in Winspit plants, the population with the highest total glucosinolate concentration, were approximately four times higher than in the cultivar, the strain with the lowest total glucosinolate concentration. Pupal mass of P. rapae and adult body mass of Pt. puparum were highest when reared on the cultivar and lowest when developing on Kimmeridge plants, the wild strain with the lowest total glucosinolate concentration. Development of male parasitoids was also more negatively affected than female parasitoids. Our results reveal that plant quality, at least for the development of 'adapted' oligophagous herbivores, such as P. rapae, is not based on total glucosinolate content. The only glucosinolate compound that corresponded with the performance of P. rapae was the indole glucosinolate, neoglucobrassicin. Our results show that performance of ectoparasitoids may closely reflect constraints on the development of the host.

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“…mediator on induced and noninduced plants reveals that something in the host diet is more negatively affecting the parasitoid than it is the host. In other associations, food-plant quality affects the host more dramatically than its parasitoid, presumably because the herbivore must detoxify or excrete plant allelochemicals, which are then diluted up the food chain (Barbosa et al 1986;Ode 2006;Harvey et al 2007). Interestingly, although M. brassicae developed with equal success on a cabbage cultivar with which it has a rearing history and Dutch field-collected B. orientalis, again, parasitoids were smaller when developing on hosts reared on B. orientalis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has also been reported that parasitoids in the third trophic level may also be affected by the quality of the food plant as mediated through the herbivore host (Harvey 2005;Ode 2006). These effects can be positive or negative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, several studies have reported that the internal immune defences of herbivores are traded off against detoxification when these herbivores feed on more toxic plant species or genotypes, making these herbivores more susceptible to endoparasitoids (Bukovinszky et al 2009;Smilanich et al 2009). Alternatively, the growth, survival, and fitness of parasitoids may be affected by plant toxins ingested by the host (Barbosa et al 1986(Barbosa et al , 1991Harvey 2005;Harvey et al 2005;Ode 2006;Gols et al 2008). These effects may be direct, e.g., through exposure of parasitoid larvae to allelochemicals stored in host tissues; or indirect, e.g., when the host itself performs badly on certain diets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Mamestra brassicae and its solitary endoparasitoid Microplitis mediator on two populations of the invasive weed Bunias orientalis

Harvey

Gols²

2011

Population Ecology

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The warty cabbage Bunias orientalis is an invasive pest in much of central Europe, including much of Germany since the 1980s, whereas in other countries, such as The Netherlands, it is a less common exotic species. Here, healthy larvae of Mamestra brassicae, which has been found feeding on B. orientalis plants in Germany, and larvae parasitized by one of its major larval endoparasitoids Microplitis mediator, were reared on both herbivoreinduced and noninduced leaves of B. orientalis originating from single large populations growing in The Netherlands and central Germany. Herbivore performance was less negatively affected than parasitoid performance by differences in plant quality. Development times in both M. brassicae and Mi. mediator were shorter on Dutch than German plants and also shorter on noninduced than induced plants. Moreover, survival and body size of the parasitoid was more strongly affected by plant population and induction than survival of healthy M. brassicae. Chemical analyses of defensive secondary metabolites [glucosinolates (GS)] revealed that concentrations of the major GS sinalbin were constitutively expressed in German plants whereas they were induced in Dutch plants. However, in separate feeding bioassays in which preference for induced and noninduced leaves was compared separately, L3 instars of M. brassicae preferred noninduced German plants over Dutch plants but induced Dutch plants over German plants, revealing that changes in primary metabolites or an unidentified non-GS compound mediates population-related differences in plant quality. The results reveal asymmetric effects of plant quality in exotic plants on organisms in the second and third trophic level.

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PLANT CHEMISTRY AND NATURAL ENEMY FITNESS: Effects on Herbivore and Natural Enemy Interactions

Cited by 426 publications

References 160 publications

Leaf trichomes affect caterpillar feeding in an instar-specific manner

Leaf trichomes affect caterpillar feeding in an instar-specific manner

Development of an Insect Herbivore and its Pupal Parasitoid Reflect Differences in Direct Plant Defense

Development of Mamestra brassicae and its solitary endoparasitoid Microplitis mediator on two populations of the invasive weed Bunias orientalis

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