Plant-Based Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering

Bilirgen, Asu Ceren; Toker, Melis; Odabaş, Sedat; Yetisen, Ali K.; Gari̇pcan, Bora; Tasoğlu, Savaş

doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01527

Cited by 56 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…It has been suggested that plant-based biomaterials do not provide sufficient reproducibility, as the plants used were not grown in a controlled environment [109] where soil nutrients and age of the plant can affect structural and mechanical properties in the native leaf structures [110]. While this is a very thoughtful point, it would not be possible to make perfectly reproducible vegetal structures, as genetic and environmental factors similarly influence these properties [111].…”

Section: Additional Considerations For Decellularized Plant-based Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Role of Decellularized Plant-Based Scaffolds as a New Biomaterial

Harris

Lacombe

Zenhausern

2021

IJMS

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The decellularization of plant-based biomaterials to generate tissue-engineered substitutes or in vitro cellular models has significantly increased in recent years. These vegetal tissues can be sourced from plant leaves and stems or fruits and vegetables, making them a low-cost, accessible, and sustainable resource from which to generate three-dimensional scaffolds. Each construct is distinct, representing a wide range of architectural and mechanical properties as well as innate vasculature networks. Based on the rapid rise in interest, this review aims to detail the current state of the art and presents the future challenges and perspectives of these unique biomaterials. First, we consider the different existing decellularization techniques, including chemical, detergent-free, enzymatic, and supercritical fluid approaches that are used to generate such scaffolds and examine how these protocols can be selected based on plant cellularity. We next examine strategies for cell seeding onto the plant-derived constructs and the importance of the different functionalization methods used to assist in cell adhesion and promote cell viability. Finally, we discuss how their structural features, such as inherent vasculature, porosity, morphology, and mechanical properties (i.e., stiffness, elasticity, etc.) position plant-based scaffolds as a unique biomaterial and drive their use for specific downstream applications. The main challenges in the field are presented throughout the discussion, and future directions are proposed to help improve the development and use of vegetal constructs in biomedical research.

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Section: Additional Considerations For Decellularized Plant-based Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Role of Decellularized Plant-Based Scaffolds as a New Biomaterial

Harris

Lacombe

Zenhausern

2021

IJMS

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“…Therefore, combining in one single material proper 3D-structure, suitable mechanical resistance, and bio-functional groups that can steadily and actively sustain the cell attachment still holds a great challenge. Recently, decellularization of animal and plant tissues has been proposed as a great solution to this issue, but several physical, chemical or enzymatic treatments are necessary preliminary steps to achieve an appropriated scaffold for cell growth and attachment 41 , 42 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced mycelium materials as potential self-growing biomedical scaffolds

Antinori

Contardi

Suarato

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Mycelia, the vegetative part of fungi, are emerging as the avant-garde generation of natural, sustainable, and biodegradable materials for a wide range of applications. They are constituted of a self-growing and interconnected fibrous network of elongated cells, and their chemical and physical properties can be adjusted depending on the conditions of growth and the substrate they are fed upon. So far, only extracts and derivatives from mycelia have been evaluated and tested for biomedical applications. In this study, the entire fibrous structures of mycelia of the edible fungi Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum are presented as self-growing bio-composites that mimic the extracellular matrix of human body tissues, ideal as tissue engineering bio-scaffolds. To this purpose, the two mycelial strains are inactivated by autoclaving after growth, and their morphology, cell wall chemical composition, and hydrodynamical and mechanical features are studied. Finally, their biocompatibility and direct interaction with primary human dermal fibroblasts are investigated. The findings demonstrate the potentiality of mycelia as all-natural and low-cost bio-scaffolds, alternative to the tissue engineering systems currently in place.

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“…Plant-derived scaffolds have demonstrated their efficiency for tissue engineering applications (Bilirgen et al, 2021;Cheng et al, 2020;Contessi Negrini et al, 2020;Dikici et al, 2019;Fontana et al, 2017;Gershlak et al, 2017;Harris et al, 2021;Hickey et al, 2018;Holmes et al, 2022;Lee et al, 2019;Modulevsky et al, 2016Modulevsky et al, , 2014Robbins et al, 2020;S. H et al, 2021;Toker et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2020;Zhu et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanosensitive Osteogenesis on Native Cellulose Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

Pelling

2021

Preprint

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Accurate physical representation of the tissue microenvironment is essential for implant development. In this study, we applied cyclic hydrostatic pressure (HP) to mimic the effect of cyclic hydrostatic pressure (HP) in a bone-like environment, using a custom-made, remote controlled bioreactor. In recent years, plant-derived cellulosic biomaterials have become a popular way to create scaffolds for a variety of tissue engineering applications. Moreover, such scaffolds possess similar physical properties (porosity, stiffness) that resemble bone tissues and have been explored as potential biomaterials for tissue engineering applications. Here, plant-derived cellulose scaffolds (derived from apple hypanthium tissue) were seeded with MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells. After 1 week of proliferation, cell-seeded scaffolds were exposed to HP up to 270 KPa at a frequency of 1Hz, once per day, for up to 2 weeks. Scaffolds were incubated in osteogenic inducing media or regular culture media. The effect of cyclic hydrostatic pressure combined with osteogenic inducing media on cell-seeded scaffolds resulted in an increase of differentiated cells. This corresponded with an upregulation of alkaline phosphatase activity and scaffold mineralization. The results reveal that in vitro, the mechanosensitive pathways which regulate osteogenesis appear to be functional on novel plant-derived cellulosic biomaterials.

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Plant-Based Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering

Cited by 56 publications

References 54 publications

The Emerging Role of Decellularized Plant-Based Scaffolds as a New Biomaterial

The Emerging Role of Decellularized Plant-Based Scaffolds as a New Biomaterial

Advanced mycelium materials as potential self-growing biomedical scaffolds

Mechanosensitive Osteogenesis on Native Cellulose Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

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