Plant and microbial features governing an endophytic lifestyle

Species Diversity, Nitrogen Fixation, and Nutrient Solubilization Activities of Endophytic Bacteria in Pea Embryos

“…Endophytic bacteria support their plant hosts through vegetative and embryonic/ reproductive growth promotion, pathogen reduction/protection, and abiotic stress alleviation [89]. They often employ similar colonization strategies as their pathogenic counterparts, but instead differentially and beneficially fine-tune host plant immune response, motility, and metabolic crosstalk [89].…”

“…Endophytic bacteria support their plant hosts through vegetative and embryonic/ reproductive growth promotion, pathogen reduction/protection, and abiotic stress alleviation [89]. They often employ similar colonization strategies as their pathogenic counterparts, but instead differentially and beneficially fine-tune host plant immune response, motility, and metabolic crosstalk [89]. Overall, our endophytic bacterial collection from pea embryos is a significant addition to known pea microbiomes, as endophytic bacteria in pea embryos haven't been systematically investigated previously.…”

“…NFB/PSB/KSB isolates obtained in our study can potentially be adopted as agri-environmental sustainable biofertilizers. Their efficient application in agriculture practice requires detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms of nutrient solubilization and environmental conditions that facilitate in planta accommodation in peas and other crops [89]. In the future, their nitrogen fixation and nutrient solubilization activities may be further tested after being applied to the field.…”

Bioprospecting of endophytic fungi from semidesert candelilla (Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc): Potential for extracellular enzyme production

“…Under natural conditions, most plants, mainly perennials, are associated with different endophytic microorganisms, mainly fungi, which can colonize intercellularly or intracellularly the various plant structures without causing damage [47,48]. The associated fungi form different interactions with the hosts, depending on the physiological state of the plant: mutualistic, commensalism, and opportunistic interactions [49].…”

“…The associated fungi form different interactions with the hosts, depending on the physiological state of the plant: mutualistic, commensalism, and opportunistic interactions [49]. The plant-endophyte association is mainly characterized by its asymptomatic character; the plant provides the fungus with food, host, and protection, and the endophytic fungi confer great adaptive potential to the host plants against adverse abiotic conditions, such as increased tolerance to drought, oxidative stress tolerance to acidic soils and salt stress, as well as reducing the negative impacts caused by biotic factors [48,50]. The most studied benefit of endophytic fungi is their ability to produce secondary metabolites avoiding the attack of phytopathogenic microorganisms, achieving a more extraordinary competitive ability in plants, allowing them to exhibit high germination rates, higher biomass and density in tissues, and better seed production compared to endophyte-free plants [51].…”