Planning Methods for Production Systems Development in the Energy Sector and Energy Efficiency

Milovanović, Zdravko; Papić, Lj. R.; Milovanović, Snježana Z.; Milovanović, Valentina Z. Janičić; Dumonjić-Milovanović, Svetlana; Branković, Dejan Lj.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31375-3_3

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Енергетски систем у одрживом развоју дефинише се у складу са шест критерија усклађености: усклађеност са животном средином, међугенерацијска усклађеност, усклађеност потрошње, друштвенополитичка усклађеност, геополитичка усклађеност и економска усклађеност (Milovanović et al 2018). Циљ истраживања о одрживом развоју је да се интегришу еколошке, економске и друштвене димензије у социо-еколошки систем, који се даље води, уз одржавање потребног стања равнотеже (одрживости) (Milovanović et al 2020a). Одрживи развој није ограничен на јасно дефинисану равнотежну ситуацију, већ одговара више динамичком процесу, у којем се приоритети и акције континуирано редефинишу у складу са потребама и жељама посматраног енергетског конзума.…”

Section: уводunclassified

“…Полазећи од главних компоненти одрживог развоја у области енергетике (расположивост, доступност, прихватљива цијена, енергетска сигурност, енергетска ефикасност, еколошка прихватљивост и могући ризици), неопходно је додатно стимулисати производњу корисне енергије, добијене и коришћене на начин да истовремено помаже развој човјечанства кроз дужи временски период (Milovanović et al 2020a). Енергија мора бити доступна и прихватљива као услуга снабдијевања, али и доступна и поуздана као енергетска услуга.…”

Section: уводunclassified

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Methods of energy production from biomass

Milovanović,

Јаničić Мilоvаnоvić

2023

ORUPRS

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Biomass, in addition to being used for heating purposes in households, is increasingly used for the production of electricity, as well as liquid fuels for motor vehicles. Similar to other renewable resources, the analysis of the possibility of using biomass (theoretical, technical and economic potential) should include a systematic analysis of available potentials and technologies, as well as economic parameters related to its price (biomass as raw material), the price of energy obtained from biomass (effectiveness of applied technology of transformation of primary into useful form of energy) and competitiveness in relation to other energy sources (static and dynamic economic-financial parameters). As there are different techniques and methodologies for estimating the potential of biomass, it is possible to significantly deviate from the obtained results in the estimated quantities, so it is necessary to further analyze the acceptability of the error in the assessment. The biggest obstacle in the use of biomass as an energy source for industrial purposes for energy production is the lack of a fuel cycle of a chaos system of processes, technologies and equipment that allow fuel from its natural state (primary form of fuel) to be prepared and brought into a usable state (usable forms of energy). The process of formation and development of the fuel cycle for biomass is further complicated by the diversity of forms and properties of biomass, its wide distribution and low energy concentration, as well as its seasonal character. The potential of biomass in the territory of Republic of Srpska comes from various production activities (residues from field, fruit, vineyard, livestock and forestry production, as well as municipal waste). Farming and animal husbandry have a long tradition among farmers in the Republic of Srpska, as well as fruit, vineyard and forestry production. The structure and quantities of communal waste depend on housing density, economic and communal activities, cultural habits and social environment. Biomass as an energy source is available in the form of waste from forestry and wood processing (waste wood from forestry, sawdust, bark, construction waste, wood packaging, plant residues from fruit production, plant residues from agricultural production - straw, corn, etc.), plantation of energy crops (energy cereals, fast-growing energy tree plantations, sugar-rich plants, oilseeds, etc.), as well as organic waste. The process of conversion of biomass into energy is most often observed from the thermal, i.e., thermo-chemical, biological or physic-chemical process. Within this chapter, an overview of the state and directions of development of technologies for the conversion of biomass as an energy source into a useful form of energy (primarily into electricity and heat) is given. Each method of energy production used, including methods that use biomass as fuel, has its advantages and disadvantages. Special emphasis was given to overcoming significant shortcomings in the use of biomass as an energy resource, as well as its impact on covering the total consumption of electricity and heat and technological steam in industrial plants, as well as consumption as biofuels in transport technology. A special segment is given to the impact of biomass as an energy source on environmental protection, as well as on the conditions that need to be provided in order to achieve CO2 neutrality. Also, the sustainability of each of the methods for the transformation of biomass into a useful form of energy was analyzed.

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Section: уводunclassified

Methods of energy production from biomass

Milovanović,

Јаničić Мilоvаnоvić

2023

ORUPRS

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“…with wa-ste woody biomass (residues after felling and processing, small branches, sawdust) are included in CCT. These fuels are considered renewable and neutral fuels from the point of view of the combustion process and CO2 production [7], [8]. The emission of CO2 from conventional coal-fired thermal power plant (TE) boilers in BiH is extremely high -on ave-rage above 950 kg/MWh.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Research on The Co-firing of Mixtures of Lignite, Waste Woody Biomass and Miscanthus in The Direction of Energy Sector Transition

Hodzic

Kadic

2023

EJENERGY

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Decarbonization of the energy sector is a necessary but long-term process. It includes at least partial substitution of fossil fuels using renewable and alternative fuels. However, this substitution, apart from not always being possible, is often accompanied by limitations and unknowns. Those unknowns are dominantly related to the possibility of establishing stable, highly efficient and low-waste combustion as a fundamental process of primary energy conversion from fuel. Such situations are very common considering the necessity of decarbonization in a very large number of fossil fuel-based energy plants, especially coal-based ones. The possibility of establishing an energetically, economically and environmentally acceptable combustion process is a function of a number of variables, of which the collective properties of the fuel, including the ash from that fuel, are dominant in this sense. With the motive of a scientific contribution to the energy transition, and with the aim of obtaining new knowledge about the characteristics of the combustion of lignite coals with different types of biomass, a set of laboratory research was carried out. Various mixtures of lignite, waste woody biomass and Miscanthus as a fast-growing energy crop were subjected to combustion. With a change in the composition of the fuel mixture, the tests were performed at a process temperature of 1250 °C and with a staged supply of combustion air. With these combustion conditions, the emission of undesirable components into the environment, the efficiency of combustion and the ash estimated tendency of fouling of the boiler heating surfaces were determined. It has been shown that even with co-firing at a temperature of 1250 °C, it is possible to establish a efficient process with an acceptable content of unburnt carbon in the slag (unburnt carbon content, UBC<4%) as well as CO emissions (eCO≤340 mg/mn3), a relatively low emission of nitrogen oxides eNOx≤670 mg/mn3. Also, the process proved to be well controlled from the aspect of possible ash slagging in the furnace. The net emission of CO2 decreases in proportion to the share of biomass in the mixture, while the emission of SO2 is high, at the level of eSO2≤2500 mg/mn3.

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“…These fuels are considered renewable and neutral from the aspect of origin and combustion process, i.e. CO 2 generation, [7][8]. Emission CO 2 from conventional coal-fired thermal power plant boilers in Bosnia and Herzegovina are extremely high -on average above 950 kg/MWh.…”

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confidence: 99%

Primjenom otpadne drvne biomase i Miscanthusa do održivog sektora termoenergetike u vremenu energetske tranzicije / Sustainable Energy Sector Using Waste Woody Biomass and Miscanthus in the Energy Transition

HODŽIĆ,

KADIĆ,

Kazagić

2023

EEE

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The thermal energy sector is very important at this time of global energy transition. From the aspect of stable energy independence, this is especially important in countries whose energy system is based on fossil fuels, especially coal. This is why decarbonisation of the energy sector is necessary, with a partial and gradual substitution of coal with renewable fuels. However, the use of these fuels is not always possible in existing plants. This refers to the establishment of energy, economic and environmentally acceptable proportion of the co-firing of these fuels, i.e. a mixture of coal and renewable fuels. The success of the establishment of this process is a function of several variables, the dominant of which are the aggregate properties of the fuel, basic and their mixtures, including the ash properties of those fuels. With the motive of contributing to a more successful implementation of the energy transition in the thermal energy sector, and with the aim of obtaining new scientific knowledge about the characteristics of the combustion of lignite and brown coal with different renewable fuels, laboratory research was carried out. In particular, different mixtures of lignite and brown coal, waste woody biomass and Miscanthus as a fast-growing energy crop were subjected to co-firing with variable process conditions. In addition to changing the composition of fuel mixtures, the test regimes included a significant change in process temperature (1250-1450 °C) and the primary measure of staged air supply to the furnace. In these combustion conditions, the emission of undesirable and harmful components into the environment, the efficiency of combustion, and the tendency of the ash from the fuel mixture to possible soiling of the heating surfaces in the furnace were evaluated - an analysis of the characteristics of the ash samples from the reaction zone and samples of the slag and ash to the furnace. Here, in both cases of co-firing, lignite and brown coal with different types of biomass, it was shown that in real conditions it is possible to establish a sustainable primary energy conversion process from fuel with a low unburnt carbon content in the slag (unburnt carbon content, UBC<1%) as well as low CO emission, below 350 mg/mn 3. At the same time, the NOx emission is below 320 mg/mn 3 during the co-firing of lignite mixtures at 1250 °C, and in the case of brown coal mixtures below 740 mg/mn 3 at 1450 °C. In both cases, the net CO2 emission decreases in proportion to the proportion of biomass in the mixture, while the SO2 emission is still high, at a level of up to 2500 mg/mn 3 for lignite mixtures and up to 6400 mg/mn 3 for brown coal mixtures. None of the treated types of biomass, up to the level of applicable content in the mixture with lignite and brown coal, does not worsen the progress of the process from the aspect of possible slagging/fouling heating surfaces in the boiler.

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Planning Methods for Production Systems Development in the Energy Sector and Energy Efficiency

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Methods of energy production from biomass

Methods of energy production from biomass

Experimental Research on The Co-firing of Mixtures of Lignite, Waste Woody Biomass and Miscanthus in The Direction of Energy Sector Transition

Primjenom otpadne drvne biomase i Miscanthusa do održivog sektora termoenergetike u vremenu energetske tranzicije / Sustainable Energy Sector Using Waste Woody Biomass and Miscanthus in the Energy Transition

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