Planning in the socialist developing country: the case of North Korea

Jo, Jin Cheol; Adler, Sy

doi:10.1016/s0197-3975(01)00047-9

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Over time, however, this policy restricted capital and technology imports from developed countries, and led to the stagnation of exports (Jo & Adler, 2002a).…”

Section: Review Of North Korea and Pyongyangmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The third period: a time of development Jo and Adler (2002a) insisted that North Korea should be regarded as a developing country with a socialist development strategy. They argued that although planning in North Korea was affected by the socialist ideology, the characteristics of a developing country had been more dominant over time.…”

Section: The Second Period: the Settlement Of Socialismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of spatial configurations in Pyongyang, North Korea

Jeong

Lee

Ban

2015

Habitat International

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“…Over time, however, this policy restricted capital and technology imports from developed countries, and led to the stagnation of exports (Jo & Adler, 2002a).…”

Section: Review Of North Korea and Pyongyangmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Second Period: the Settlement Of Socialismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of spatial configurations in Pyongyang, North Korea

Jeong

Lee

Ban

2015

Habitat International

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“…A communist government was established in the north named the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. It maintained robust economic growth and higher GDP per capita than South Korea (officially known as the Republic of Korea) through the 1960s but the economy stagnated thereafter (Jo & Adler, ; Statistics Korea, ). The communist government led to formation of a distinct spatial structure from that of South Korea, which adopted a capitalist development strategy (Jo & Adler, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the extent and distribution of urban land cover in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) between 1987 and 2010

et al. 2019

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Largely due to data unavailability, the spatial pattern of urban growth in North Korea has been rarely studied. This study explored urban changes in North Korea and provided their plausible causes. The present study used satellite‐based land cover data sets produced by the government of South Korea to examine the extent and distribution of urban land cover in North Korea between the late 1980s (1987–1989) and late 2000s (2008–2010) at the municipal level. The urban expansion intensity index (UEII) was calculated for two 10‐year intervals, and the spatial autocorrelation of UEII values was examined. Major findings from the study are summarized as follows: (a) the capital city Pyongyang's dominance continued without any obvious sign of slowing down, (b) economic development districts do not appear to have much influence on urban land cover changes, and (c) the extent of urban land cover slightly decreased in much of the country between the late 1990s (1997–1999) and late 2000s (2008–2010). The results and discussion in this study suggest internal migration and stagnant economy as probably important causes for the phenomena.

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“…While available information about North Korea remains limited to partial political and economic data (Jo and Adler, 2002a), we propose using a world database on vessel movements provided by Lloyd's Marine Intelligence Unit (LMIU), an independent organization which insures approximately 80% of the world fleet. Aggregating data on vessel capacities makes it possible to obtain a snapshot of the situation of North Korean ports along three main periods: growth and stagnation before the collapse of the USSR (1985-1991), geopolitical isolation (1992-1998), economic reforms, inter-Korean cooperation, and foreign investments (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Going West? Spatial polarization of the North Korean port system

Ducruet

Roussin²,

2009

Journal of Transport Geography

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This paper analyzes North Korean ports in light of existing models of port system evolution. It reviews the economic and political factors shaping port concentration in developed, developing, and socialist countries. A database on vessel movements allows for the analysis of individual North Korean port traffic by total capacity circulated, cargo type, fleet nationality, immediate origin and destination, and berthing time. While ideological factors and military control hamper port modernization and trade openness, traffic concentration at the Pyongyang-Nampo gateway highlights the spatial polarization in the capital region at the expense of Eastern ports for which inland transport limitations and industrial decline have become major issues. The North Korean case only partly fits general models because traffic concentration occurs due to geopolitical isolation and internal limitations rather than economic and trade growth.

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Planning in the socialist developing country: the case of North Korea

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Characteristics of spatial configurations in Pyongyang, North Korea

Characteristics of spatial configurations in Pyongyang, North Korea

Changes in the extent and distribution of urban land cover in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) between 1987 and 2010

Going West? Spatial polarization of the North Korean port system

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