Planning for Exercises of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Forensic Capabilities

Reutter, Dennis J.; Schutzer, Steven E.; Craft, Charles M.; Fletcher, Jacqui; Fricke, Frederick L.; Holowachuk, Scott A.; Johnson, Rudolph C.; Keim, Paul; Pearson, James L.; Sibert, Robert W.; Velsko, S P

doi:10.1089/bsp.2010.0023

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…(1) confirm the results of the initial detection; (2) gather evidence for the use of internationally banned substances, and (3) verify the safety of a zone after decontamination (45). In the study of Mortelmans et al, 6% of the hospitals had radiation detection equipment with an alarm function (12).…”

Section: Detection Of Cbrn Infectionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Identification and Analysis of Parameters and Global Experiences of Hospital Preparedness Against Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Disasters: A Scoping Review

Mohammadi

Amirheidari

Danesh

et al. 2022

J Clin Res Paramed Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context: Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRNs) disasters represent a disconcerting event for governments, health care providers, the public, and hospitals need to be prepared to cope with such disasters. Therefore, the present scoping review was conducted to identify and analyze the parameters and global experiences of hospital preparedness against CBRN disasters. Methods: The study is a scoping review that examines English and Persian databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Jihad Daneshgahi Scientific Information Database (SID), Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology, Magiran, and Iranmedex. Reviewing the studies found on the search bases was carried out in three stages; title, abstract and full text. According to refined studies, the data were extracted in order to meet the objectives and respond to the research questions. Results: In the initial search, 1104 articles were identified. First, the articles were reviewed in terms of duplication, year of publication, title, abstract, and relevance to the topic, and finally, 17 articles that met the inclusion criteria were incorporated in the systematic review process. Finally, 8 primary issues addressed in the articles including (1) Staff training, (2) Planning to deal with disasters, (3) Personal protection equipment, (4) Risk perception, (5) Decontamination of medical centers and wards, (6) Detection of CBRN infection, (7) Availability of drugs and antidotes, and (8) The presence of health professionals and staff were discussed. The review of findings reported by various studies revealed shortcomings in the above eight areas. Conclusions: Most hospitals have begun to undertake activities to deal with CBRN and follow a special program for this purpose. However, due to the industrialization of human societies and the surge in CBRN events and other threatening activities, this level of preparedness is not satisfactory and further planning is warranted. However, the present study offers valuable insights and recommendations for policymakers and hospital managers to improve their hospital preparedness for the risks of CBRN disasters.

show abstract

Section: Detection Of Cbrn Infectionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Identification and Analysis of Parameters and Global Experiences of Hospital Preparedness Against Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Disasters: A Scoping Review

Mohammadi

Amirheidari

Danesh

et al. 2022

J Clin Res Paramed Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Conversely, the current filtration-based method preserves completely the whole genuine biological and chemical information contained within the original sample, hence remaining fully compatible with further detection and identification of a potential inactivation-sensitive chemical component. This is crucial to prevent the risk of false-negative results while allowing subsequent forensic analysis on biological and chemical compounds retrieved from the sample [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and Efficient Filtration-Based Procedure for Separation and Safe Analysis of CBRN Mixed Samples

Bentahir¹,

Laduron²,

Irenge³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Separating CBRN mixed samples that contain both chemical and biological warfare agents (CB mixed sample) in liquid and solid matrices remains a very challenging issue. Parameters were set up to assess the performance of a simple filtration-based method first optimized on separate C- and B-agents, and then assessed on a model of CB mixed sample. In this model, MS2 bacteriophage, Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis baculovirus (AcNPV), Bacillus atrophaeus and Bacillus subtilis spores were used as biological agent simulants whereas ethyl methylphosphonic acid (EMPA) and pinacolyl methylphophonic acid (PMPA) were used as VX and soman (GD) nerve agent surrogates, respectively. Nanoseparation centrifugal devices with various pore size cut-off (30 kD up to 0.45 µm) and three RNA extraction methods (Invisorb, EZ1 and Nuclisens) were compared. RNA (MS2) and DNA (AcNPV) quantification was carried out by means of specific and sensitive quantitative real-time PCRs (qPCR). Liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/TOFMS) methods was used for quantifying EMPA and PMPA. Culture methods and qPCR demonstrated that membranes with a 30 kD cut-off retain more than 99.99% of biological agents (MS2, AcNPV, Bacillus Atrophaeus and Bacillus subtilis spores) tested separately. A rapid and reliable separation of CB mixed sample models (MS2/PEG-400 and MS2/EMPA/PMPA) contained in simple liquid or complex matrices such as sand and soil was also successfully achieved on a 30 kD filter with more than 99.99% retention of MS2 on the filter membrane, and up to 99% of PEG-400, EMPA and PMPA recovery in the filtrate. The whole separation process turnaround-time (TAT) was less than 10 minutes. The filtration method appears to be rapid, versatile and extremely efficient. The separation method developed in this work constitutes therefore a useful model for further evaluating and comparing additional separation alternative procedures for a safe handling and preparation of CB mixed samples.

show abstract

“…CBRN attacks are rare, so it can be difficult to weigh the benefits of spending time and resources training for them (31). Nevertheless, it is possible to monitor the growing competencies of specialists with capabilities for CBRN site exploitation and investigation of CBRN incidents among NATO countries, as well as adequate professional training (32). In the Czech Armed Forces, they are carried by units of several types, in accordance with NATO minimum requirements, belonging to a specific Capability Code (33).…”

Section: Competence Of Czech Military Specialistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Involvement of CBRN and Medical Specialists in the Exploitation of Facilities Suspected for the Presence of Biological Material

Zahradníček¹,

Rozsypal²,

Schvach³

2023

Mil. Med. Sci. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The existence of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) weapons poses a significant problem in terms of possible proliferation of technologies and materials, despite international agreements and regulations. The role of military forces in operations can be to support counter-proliferation initiatives to prevent their acquisition, deployment, or employment. The article analyzes the current situation in the field of site exploitation under CBRN environments, with a specific focus on biological threats. It describes a current state and a research question, which is addressed on the basis of scenario analysis methodology. The result is a scenario for the activities of troops in CBRN environments, which illustrates the possible operational reality during the localization of biological sites, their characterization and exploitation. The following application part presents proposals for the division of phases of the exploitation process and a proposal for the determination of CBRN and medical specialists of the Czech Armed Forces as the implementation elements.

show abstract

Planning for Exercises of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Forensic Capabilities

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Identification and Analysis of Parameters and Global Experiences of Hospital Preparedness Against Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Disasters: A Scoping Review

Identification and Analysis of Parameters and Global Experiences of Hospital Preparedness Against Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Disasters: A Scoping Review

Rapid and Efficient Filtration-Based Procedure for Separation and Safe Analysis of CBRN Mixed Samples

On the Involvement of CBRN and Medical Specialists in the Exploitation of Facilities Suspected for the Presence of Biological Material

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About