“…Haider et al [16] presented a multi-objective model for fog network planning to optimize network traffic and delay, while Zhang et al [17] balanced capital expenditure and network delay in their multi-objective mathematical model for fog network planning. Saba et al [18] focused on minimizing overall response time in fog network planning for time-sensitive requests, while Lin et al [19] proposed an intelligent computing system framework for minimizing installation cost using fog and edge devices in a logistic center, considering cost as a parameter. 1.…”