Planning During Post-Socialism

Hirt, Sonia

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.74028-1

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Uncontrolled urban expansion is perceived as a negative way of development [4,94], in and of itself. It is stimulated by the fast pace of transformations, illustrating the lack of proper planning, characterized by ad-hoc decisions [5,67,68] without coordination between different projects [111], which all lead, more often than not, to a patchwork of spatial arrangements. One of the most visible results is the lack of clear functional zoning that fosters a heterogeneous mixture of residential (single-family houses or multi-family residential complexes) and non-residential areas (commercial, logistical, high-rise offices, industrial, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, recent studies revealed that the CEE city regions are generally characterized by a more dispersed pattern of development than Western Europe [52,56] in view of higher rates of urban growth [65]. The main challenges are the inefficient policies and loose regulatory framework [66,67] that foster an uncontrolled development of built-up areas in the vicinity of large cities [56,68].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the Territorial Impact of Built-Up Area Expansion in the Surroundings of Bucharest (Romania) through a Multilevel Approach Based on Landsat Satellite Imagery

2021

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Assessing the relentless expansion of built-up areas is one of the most important tasks for achieving sustainable planning and supporting decision-making on the regional and local level. In this context, techniques based on remote sensing can play a crucial role in monitoring the fast rhythm of urban growth, allowing the regular appraisal of territorial dynamics. The main aim of the study is to evaluate, in a multi-scalar perspective, the built-up area expansion and the spatio–temporal changes in Ilfov County, which overlaps the surroundings of Bucharest, capital of Romania. Our research focuses on processing multi-date Landsat satellite imagery from three selected time references (2000, 2008, 2018) through the supervised classification process. Further on, the types of built-up area dynamics are explored using LDTtool, a landscape metrics instrument. The results reveal massive territorial restructuring in the 18 years, as the new built-up developments occupy a larger area than the settlements’ surface in 2000. The rhythm of the transformations also changed over time, denoting a significant acceleration after 2008, when 75% of the new development occurred. At the regional level, the spatial pattern has become more and more complex, in a patchwork of spatial arrangements characterized by the proliferation of low density areas interspersed with clusters of high density developments and undeveloped land. At the local level, a comparative assessment of the administrative territorial units’ pathway was conducted based on the annual growth of built-up areas, highlighting the most attractive places and the main territorial directions of development. In terms of the specific dynamics of built-up areas, the main change patterns are “F—NP increment by gain”, followed by “G—Aggregation by gain”, both comprising around 80% of the total number of cells. The first type was prevalent in the first period (2000–2008), while the second is identified only after 2008, when it became the most represented, followed in the hierarchy by the previously dominant category. The spatial pattern differentiations were further explored in three complementary case studies investigated in correlation with socioeconomic data, revealing a heterogeneous landscape.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Territorial Impact of Built-Up Area Expansion in the Surroundings of Bucharest (Romania) through a Multilevel Approach Based on Landsat Satellite Imagery

2021

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“…The close cooperation between the private sector and governmental bodies also started to flourish in the spatial planning domain [99], bringing about a neoliberal planning paradigm labeled as the investor urbanism. It refers to a developer-led versus public-led planning practice that adapted and subordinated urban space to the dictates of capital, pushing the public interest into the background [100][101][102]. Its mechanisms were simple-they involved either the ad-hoc adoption of new plans and amendments to the existing ones, with modifications introduced to match the investors' needs [100,103] (pp.…”

Section: Context Of the Delayed Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demolition-Based Urban Regeneration from a Post-Socialist Perspective: Case Study of a Neighborhood in Novi Sad, Serbia

2021

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Although a growing body of literature examines the post-socialist European context of urban regeneration, studies on the demolition-based approaches are relatively scarce. Moreover, the regeneration policies of cities in non-EU Balkan countries with a distinctive transitional path remain largely unexplored. The paper contributes to filling these voids by investigating a specific demolition-based urban regeneration strategy named permanent reconstruction, which has been launched in Novi Sad, Serbia’s second largest city, and applied to low-density neighborhoods with a derelict housing stock, being seen as a tool for achieving sustainable urban development. The specific research aims are to explain the origin of this strategy; analyze the institutional and planning framework, mechanisms, and dynamics of the regeneration process through a case study; and assess its outcomes based on a mixed methodology. The main research objective is to identify the issues of a post-socialist entrepreneurial urban governance, primarily deriving from Serbia’s distorted transition, which hampered the development of a strategic, integrated, and locale-conscious approach. The findings suggest that Novi Sad and other Serbian cities necessitate socially responsible and context-perceptive regeneration that would produce sustainable regeneration projects. The authors propose the means for redefining them, emphasizing the responsibilities of the public sector and the significance of involving the local community in the planning and decision-making process.

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“…18 Andrusz, Harloe, Szelenyi 1996Benkő, Kissfazekas 2019;Dmitrieva, Kliems 2010. 19 Hirt, Stanilov 2009Hirt 2015;Van Assche, Verschraegen, Salukvadze 2010;Tsenkova 2007. 20 The research conducted within the frame of international network "Legacies of The present paper outlines a number of ways, in which architects and urban planners have described reconnecting their professional field with other significant spaces and chronologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking Forward, Looking Back: Re-Connecting of Urban Planning Education in Lviv

Otrishchenko

2022

Stud. Hist. Sci.

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The article outlines the development of a new network assembled by the chair of urban planning at the Lviv Polytechnic institute after the collapse of the USSR. It focuses on the actions of individual people who contributed to institutional changes and used various resources to create and maintain a set of connections. The tradition of urban planning education in Lviv begins with a Chair of Urban Planning created in 1913 at Lviv Polytechnic. However, after WWII and the incorporation of the city into the Soviet state, Lviv Polytechnic went through radical changes. Urban planning was restored as an architectural sub-specialization only in 1966, while a separate department of architecture was organized only in 1971. After perestroika and the disintegration of the Soviet Union (1985‒1991), the Chair of Urban Planning relatively quickly reoriented its activities from Moscow’s to Kraków’s, Wrocław’s, Vienna’s or Berlin’s perspective. This was primarily due to personal contacts, which step by step became institutionalized, and due to the “imaginary continuity” between contemporary urban planners and the pre-war Lviv architectural school. Professors who left the city right after WWII gained symbolic importance and helped to establish a common ground between the milieu of Lviv Polytechnic and Polish technical schools in the 1990s. During the time of social and political changes, looking into the past became a quite successful strategy, which helped the institution to gain symbolic capital and survive. The history of Lviv Polytechnic, stripped from all potential conflicts and sharp divisions, helped to build new connections after the old ones no longer provided stable positions. Knowing foreign languages became one of the basic means or resources that people needed to feel connected and to participate in scientific exchanges. The sources of the article include oral history interviews with academics in the field of architecture, memoirs, and other published materials related to the history of the Chair of Urban Planning at Lviv Polytechnic.

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Planning During Post-Socialism

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Evaluating the Territorial Impact of Built-Up Area Expansion in the Surroundings of Bucharest (Romania) through a Multilevel Approach Based on Landsat Satellite Imagery

Evaluating the Territorial Impact of Built-Up Area Expansion in the Surroundings of Bucharest (Romania) through a Multilevel Approach Based on Landsat Satellite Imagery

Demolition-Based Urban Regeneration from a Post-Socialist Perspective: Case Study of a Neighborhood in Novi Sad, Serbia

Looking Forward, Looking Back: Re-Connecting of Urban Planning Education in Lviv

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