Planning and Optimization of Software-Defined and Virtualized IoT Gateway Deployment for Smart Campuses

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) is based on objects or “things” that have the ability to communicate and transfer data. Due to the large number of connected objects and devices, there has been a rapid growth in the amount of data that are transferred over the Internet. To support this increase, the heterogeneity of devices and their geographical distributions, there is a need for IoT gateways that can cope with this demand. The SOFTWAY4IoT project, which was funded by the National Education and Research Network (RNP), has developed a software-defined and virtualized IoT gateway that supports multiple wireless communication technologies and fog/cloud environment integration. In this work, we propose a planning method that uses optimization models for the deployment of IoT gateways in smart campuses. The presented models aimed to quantify the minimum number of IoT gateways that is necessary to cover the desired area and their positions and to distribute IoT devices to the respective gateways. For this purpose, the communication technology range and the data link consumption were defined as the parameters for the optimization models. Three models are presented, which use LoRa, Wi-Fi, and BLE communication technologies. The gateway deployment problem was solved in two steps: first, the gateways were quantified using a linear programming model; second, the gateway positions and the distribution of IoT devices were calculated using the classical K-means clustering algorithm and the metaheuristic particle swarm optimization. Case studies and experiments were conducted at the Samambaia Campus of the Federal University of Goiás as an example. Finally, an analysis of the three models was performed, using metrics such as the silhouette coefficient. Non-parametric hypothesis tests were also applied to the performed experiments to verify that the proposed models did not produce results using the same population.

Digital transformation value creating of manufacturing enterprises based on the Internet of Things and data encryption technology

“…This paper introduces the design and implementation of IOT gateway. Firstly, on the basis of theoretical analysis, aiming at the requirements of low delay of IOT gateway, as well as the diversity of IOT Gateway Protocols, the complexity of data sources and the uncertainty of the number of devices, the IOT gateway based on edgex foundry edge computing framework is constructed In order to verify that the gateway has the characteristics of low delay, we test the delay, effectiveness and feasibility of the designed gateway from the three aspects of packet size and the number of devices [11][12]. Finally, the temperature and humidity alarm system is built, and the corresponding rule logic is formulated to verify that the IOT gateway has the ability of edge processing data, and can effectively reduce the data transmission delay.…”

Smart Campus 4.0: Digitalization of University Campus with Assimilation of Industry 4.0 for Innovation and Sustainability

“…In accordance with the technology advancements and global requirement, the universities are in the process to adapt the modern and digital technologies in the universities and campus with a vision of delivering a digital and innovative experience in teaching and learning [8,9]. Campus digitalization necessitates the deployment of digital technologies while enshrining environmental sustainability and cutting-edge user experiences.…”