Planning allocations and the stubborn north–south divide in Tel Aviv–Jaffa

Abstract

Several master plans have attempted to lessen the divide between the poor southern neighborhoods of Tel Aviv -Jaffa and the well-off central and northern ones. We compared the planning visions, the main policies and detailed schemes, financing methods, and actual implementation efforts. We found that each planning generation has promoted different development locations, regulations, and allocation methods, and yet implementation has generally been much more durable and with superior socio-spatial impacts in the more affluent areas. To analyze and explain these findings we studied planning allocations in the light of ideas of distributive justice and of urban regime practice. We found that while the welfare state's direct allocation of housing and infrastructure for communities and individuals was not really equal, the later indirect allocations by neoliberal regimes mainly stimulated market forces in the more affluent or attractive areas. We also found that while planning allocation varied in different neighborhoods, the pace and order of planning and realization became crucial elements in urban inequality.

The Roles of Increasing Inequality and Divergent Urban Development in Understanding Spatial Polarization in Tel-Aviv

“…Immigrants from eastern and central Europe (Ashkenazi origin) who settled in northern Tel-Aviv were mostly middle-income; poorer immigrants from Africa and the middle-east (Mizrahi origin) settled in Jaffa and its surrounding poor neighbourhoods (Golan, 2002;Helman, 2010). The old railroad to Jerusalem turned into a symbolic border between the impoverished south and the affluent north (Margalit & Vertes, 2015). Jaffa was united with the city of Tel-Aviv in 1950, after the depopulation of most of its Arab residents during the 1948 war (Golan, 2002).…”

Resisting Neo-Liberal Skylines: Social Mobilisations and Entrepreneurial Urban Development in Tel Aviv

“…In addition, many proposed office towers and hotels received permits and were built, and a large new northern suburb was built with mid-height, upscale residences along the seashore. 5 The southern quarters rank lower on all socio-economic and environmental indicators than the rest of the city(Margalit and Vertes, 2015).Adriana Kemp and Talia Margalit -9789004349551 Downloaded from Brill.com10/16/2020 11:13:38PM via free access…”

Preliminary Material

“…With an average of 30 stories per tower, this new cycle has changed the residential landscape and the levels of real estate prices, and has surpassed the previous scale of high-rise construction.4 At the same time, a strip of only 500 metres separates the most fashionable tall hubs of the city from the southern neighbourhoods that most locals see as the city's backyard (Kemp and Raijman, 2004), and only a ten-minute drive separates them from the poor Arab and Jewish neighbourhoods in Jaffa. There, despite sprawling gentrification and beautification efforts (mainly along the beachfront areas) (Marom, 2014;Monterescu, 2009), most residents still rank lower on all socio-economic and environmental indicators, and planning projects hardly materialise in this area (Marom, 2014;Margalit and Vertes, 2015).5…”

“…In addition, many proposed office towers and hotels received permits and were built, and a large new northern suburb was built with mid-height, upscale residences along the seashore. 5 The southern quarters rank lower on all socio-economic and environmental indicators than the rest of the city(Margalit and Vertes, 2015).Irene Bono and Béatrice Hibou -978-90-04-34955-1 Downloaded from Brill.com06/28/2021 05:06:36AM via free access…”