Planktic foraminiferal diversity as indicator of ocean environments

Ottens, Janneke J.; Nederbragt, Alexandra J.

doi:10.1016/0377-8398(92)90019-g

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…MacArthur, 1965;Stehli et al, 1969). Analyzing planktic foraminiferal diversity from surface water samples Ottens and Nederbragt (1992) showed that deviations from this global trend are related to specific ocean environments as suggested earlier by Stehli (1965). They demonstrated that water mass boundaries or frontal zones are characterized by high diversity of planktic foraminiferal faunas due to mixing of species from adjacent water masses.…”

Section: Total Foraminiferal Flux Species Richness and Diversitymentioning

confidence: 70%

Global prediction of planktic foraminiferal fluxes from hydrographic and productivity data

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Understanding and quantifying the seasonal and spatial distribution of planktic foraminiferal fluxes reflected in sedimentary assemblages is key to interpret foraminiferabased proxies in paleoceanography. Towards this goal we present an empirical model to predict foraminiferal fluxes on a global scale.A compilation of planktic foraminiferal flux and export production data from globally distributed sediment traps together with environmental data of sea-surface temperature and mixed-layer depth from online databases is used to calibrate the model that calculates monthly foraminiferal fluxes for the 18 most common species. The calibrated model is then forced with a global data set of hydrographic and productivity data to predict monthly foraminiferal fluxes worldwide. The predictive skills of the model are assessed by comparing the model output with planktic foraminiferal assemblages from globally distributed surface sediments as well as with measured foraminiferal fluxes of sediment traps not included in the calibration data set.Many general distribution patterns of foraminiferal species recognized from the model output compare favorably with observations from coretops or sediment traps, even though the model still produces problematic results in some places. Among others, meridional gradients in species richness and diversity, increased relative abundances of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (dex.) in upwelling areas, and peak abundances of Globigerinella siphonifera in oligotrophic subtropical gyres show good agreement between model and coretops. Absolute foraminiferal fluxes are significantly underestimated in most cases, while seasonal variations can be reproduced for some species. Interannual differences in foraminiferal fluxes are not reflected by the model which might partly be due to a lack of actual environmental data for the calibration and model experiments.Correspondence to: S.Žarić (zaric@uni-bremen.de)The limited predictive skills of the model suggest that additional parameters should be considered. Export production should probably be replaced by a more realistic representation of food availability for planktic foraminifera. This could be achieved by adding a dynamic component to the model and linking it to an ecosystem model.

show abstract

Section: Total Foraminiferal Flux Species Richness and Diversitymentioning

confidence: 70%

Global prediction of planktic foraminiferal fluxes from hydrographic and productivity data

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The AF is characterized by the depth of the 15 • C isotherm (Gould, 1985) and is therefore not traceable in SST but by distinct shifts in foraminiferal assemblages from subtropical to transitional and/or subpolar species (Ottens and Nederbragt, 1992;Schiebel et al, 2002) and thus also by abundances of G. ruber w. (Repschläger et al, 2015, and citations therein). Low abundances of G. ruber w. (7-15 %) (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene evolution of the North Atlantic subsurface transport

Repschläger¹,

Garbe‐Schönberg²,

Weinelt³

et al. 2017

Clim. Past

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Previous studies suggested that short-term freshening events in the subpolar gyre can be counterbalanced by advection of saline waters from the subtropical gyre and thus stabilize the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). However, little is known about the inter-gyre transport pathways. Here, we infer changes in surface and subsurface transport between the subtropical and polar North Atlantic during the last 11 000 years, by combining new temperature and salinity reconstructions obtained from combined δ 18 O and Mg / Ca measurements on surface and subsurface dwelling foraminifera with published foraminiferal abundance data from the subtropical North Atlantic, and with salinity and temperature data from the tropical and subpolar North Atlantic. This compilation implies an overall stable subtropical warm surface water transport since 10 ka BP. In contrast, subsurface warm water transport started at about 8 ka but still with subsurface heat storage in the subtropical gyre. The full strength of intergyre exchange was probably reached only after the onset of northward transport of warm saline subsurface waters at about 7 ka BP, associated with the onset of the modern AMOC mode. A critical evaluation of different potential forcing mechanisms leads to the assumption that freshwater supply from the Laurentide Ice Sheet was the main control on subtropical to subpolar ocean transport at surface and subsurface levels.

show abstract

“…Highlatitude areas experienced the highest temperatures of the Cenozoic as indicated by the presence of warm-water pelagic marine organisms (e.g. Haq et al 1977;Premoli-Silva & Boersma 1984;Boersma et al 1987;Stott & Kennett 1990;Aubry 1992;Berggren 1992;Ottens & Nederbragt 1992). Crocodiles, turtles and other thermophilic biota occurred at high northern latitudes (Estes & Hutchison 1980;McKenna 1980;Gingerich 1983;Markwick 1994) in the presence of vegetation and soil-types indicating warm climates (Kemp 1978;Nilsen & Kerr 1978;Wolfe 1978;Wolfe & Poore 1982;Schmidt 1991).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Paleocene-Eocene benthic foraminiferal extinction and stable isotope anomalies

1996

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the late Paleocene to early Eocene, deep sea benthic foraminifera suffered their only global extinction of the last 75 million years and diversity decreased worldwide by 30–50% in a few thousand years. At Maud Rise (Weddell Sea, Antarctica; Sites 689 and 690, palaeodepths 1100 m and 1900 m) and Walvis Ridge (Southeastern Atlantic, Sites 525 and 527, palaeodepths 1600 m and 3400 m) post-extinction faunas were low-diversity and high-dominance, but the dominant species differed by geographical location. At Maud Rise, post-extinction faunas were dominated by small, biserial and triserial species, while the large, thick-walled, long-lived deep sea species Nuttalides truempyi was absent. At Walvis Ridge, by contrast, they were dominated by long-lived species such as N. truempyi , with common to abundant small abyssaminid species. The faunal dominance patterns at the two locations thus suggest different post-extinction seafloor environments: increased flux of organic matter and possibly decreased oxygen levels at Maud Rise, decreased flux at Walvis Ridge. The species-richness remained very low for about 50 000 years, then gradually increased. The extinction was synchronous with a large, negative, short-term excursion of carbon and oxygen isotopes in planktonic and benthic foraminifera and bulk carbonate. The isotope excursions reached peak negative values in a few thousand years and values returned to preexcursion levels in about 50 000 years. The carbon isotope excursion was about −2‰ for benthic foraminifera at Walvis Ridge and Maud Rise, and about −4‰ for planktonic foraminifera at Maud Rise. At the latter sites vertical gradients thus decreased, possibly at least partially as a result of upwelling. The oxygen isotope excursion was about −1.5‰ for benthic foraminifera at Walvis Ridge and Maud Rise, −1‰ for planktonic foraminifera at Maud Rise. The rapid oxygen isotope excursion at a time when polar ice-sheets were absent or insignificant can be explained by an increase in temperature by 4–6°C of high latitude surface waters and deep waters world wide. The deep ocean temperature increase could have been caused by warming of surface waters at high latitudes and continued formation of the deep waters at these locations, or by a switch from dominant formation of deep waters at high latitudes to formation at lower latitudes. Benthic foraminiferal post-extinction biogeographical patterns favour the latter explanation. The short-term carbon isotope excursion occurred in deep and surface waters, and in soil concretions and mammal teeth in the continental record. It is associated with increased CaCO 3 -dissolution over a wide depth range in the oceans, suggesting that a rapid transfer of isotopically light carbon from lithosphere or biosphere into the ocean-atmosphere system may have been involved. The rapidity of the initiation of the excursion (a few thousand years) and its short duration (50 000 years) suggest that such a transfer was probably not caused by changes in the ratio of organic carbon to carbonate deposition or erosion. Transfer of carbon from the terrestrial biosphere was probably not the cause, because it would require a much larger biosphere destruction than at the end of the Cretaceous, in conflict with the fossil record. It is difficult to explain the large shift by rapid emission into the atmosphere of volcanogenic CO 2 , although huge subaerial plateau basalt eruptions occurred at the time in the northern Atlantic. Probably a complex combination of processes and feedback was involved, including volcanogenic emission of CO 2 , changing circulation patterns, changing productivity in the oceans and possibly on land, and changes in the relative size of the oceanic and atmospheric carbon reservoirs.

show abstract

Planktic foraminiferal diversity as indicator of ocean environments

Cited by 41 publications

References 31 publications

Global prediction of planktic foraminiferal fluxes from hydrographic and productivity data

Global prediction of planktic foraminiferal fluxes from hydrographic and productivity data

Holocene evolution of the North Atlantic subsurface transport

The Paleocene-Eocene benthic foraminiferal extinction and stable isotope anomalies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About