Plane of nutrition effects in late pregnancy and during lactation on beef cows and their calves to weaning

Hight, G. K.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1968.10431636

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Feeding level had no affect on the LW of calves in the current experiment, which is in agreement with the f indings of Absher and Hobbs (1968), Drennan andBath (1976b), Nicol (1977) and Baker et al (1982). However, in many studies (Hight 1968, Tudor 1972, Hodgson et al 1980, Houghton et al 1990) either a low pre or post partum feeding level of the dam has reduced the LWG of calves pre-weaning. Hight (1968) reported that calves from cows offered a low plane (small paddocks, previously grazed with sheep) of nutrition were 22% lighter at birth than those from cows fed at a higher plane of nutrition (autumn-saved pasture, hay to appetite).…”

Section: Calving Difficulties and Live Weight Of Calvessupporting

confidence: 81%

“…However, in many studies (Hight 1968, Tudor 1972, Hodgson et al 1980, Houghton et al 1990) either a low pre or post partum feeding level of the dam has reduced the LWG of calves pre-weaning. Hight (1968) reported that calves from cows offered a low plane (small paddocks, previously grazed with sheep) of nutrition were 22% lighter at birth than those from cows fed at a higher plane of nutrition (autumn-saved pasture, hay to appetite). Hodgson et al (1980) observed that calves from cows receiving a low plane of nutrition (from calving until grazing hay for maintenance and concentrate sufficient for 2.25 kg milk) grew more slowly and were lighter at turn-out than those from cows with a higher nutrient intake (from calving until grazing hay for maintenance and concentrate sufficient for 9.00 kg milk) but the f inal calf LW was not signif icantly different.…”

Section: Calving Difficulties and Live Weight Of Calvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of feeding level and diet type on the performance of crossbred suckler cows and their calves

Manninen¹,

Aronen²,

Huhta³

2000

AFSci

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A 2´2 factorial design experiment with 32 spring-calving Hereford-Ayrshire and 31 Limousine-Ayrshire suckler cows was conducted to compare the effects of diets based on hay (H) or urea-treated straw (US) at two feeding levels (moderate; M and low; L) on the performance of cows and their calves. For feeding level L, the amount of feed was restricted to 70% of that for feeding level M. Diet H was based on hay while for the US-diet, hay was replaced by urea-treated straw and barley (M:1.1 and L:0.8 kg dry matter, DM/day/ animal). Urea-solution was included in the H-diet to balance protein intake with respect to US-diets. Untreated straw was also offered on all diets. Feeding pre partum commenced by offering 1.0 kg/day of a barley-rapeseed meal mixture from day 60 to 30 and 1.5 kg/day from day 30 to 0 pre partum. Post partum cows received 3.0 kg/day of the same mixture. All cows were in calf to Charolais sires. During the mating period, cows were inseminated after oestrus synchronisation and subsequently exposed to a bull.Average daily intakes of the cows were on treatment MH 9.1 kg DM/day and 77.4 MJ metabolizable energy (ME), on treatment MUS 8.5 kg DM and 67.2 MJ ME, on treatment LH 6.9 kg DM and 58.9 MJ ME and on treatment LUS 6.7 kg DM and 53.7 MJ ME, respectively. Live weight gain (LWG) during the indoor feeding was lower (P<0.01) for cows on feeding level L than M. Cows fed US-based diets lost more (P<0.05) live weight (LW) during indoor feeding than those based on H-diets. Cows replenished LW losses at pasture and there were no differences in LW between treatments at the end of the grazing season. Imposed feeding treatments and the sex of the calf had no affect on the incidence of calving difficulty. There were no significant treatment effects on calf LWG or suckler cow milk production. During mating 69.3% of all experimental cows successfully conceived. The low level of feeding had no adverse affects on cow or calf health, but depressed et al. Effect of feeding level and diet type on performance of suckler cowsreproductive performance. Cows replenished LW losses during the grazing period on sufficient good quality pasture. Urea-treated straw proved to be a suitable winter feed for spring calving suckler cows.

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Section: Calving Difficulties and Live Weight Of Calvessupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Calving Difficulties and Live Weight Of Calvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of feeding level and diet type on the performance of crossbred suckler cows and their calves

Manninen¹,

Aronen²,

Huhta³

2000

AFSci

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“…The net effects of maternal nutrition during pregnancy on the calf remain of practical significance to livestock producers, and influences of nutrition during mid-and late pregnancy or late pregnancy only on calf weaning weight have been consistently shown (e.g. Hight, 1966 and1968a;Cafe et al, 2006b;Stalker et al, 2006), irrespective of effects on foetal growth.…”

Section: Long-term Consequences Of Altered Growth During the Early LImentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal and pre-weaning growth and nutrition of cattle: long-term consequences for beef production

Greenwood

Café

2007

Animal

150

113

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Severe, chronic growth retardation of cattle early in life reduces growth potential, resulting in smaller animals at any given age. Capacity for long-term compensatory growth diminishes as the age of onset of nutritional restriction resulting in prolonged growth retardation declines. Hence, more extreme intrauterine growth retardation can result in slower growth throughout postnatal life. However, within the limits of beef production systems, neither severely restricted growth in utero nor from birth to weaning influences efficiency of nutrient utilisation later in life. Retail yield from cattle severely restricted in growth during pregnancy or from birth to weaning is reduced compared with cattle well grown early in life, when compared at the same age later in life. However, retail yield and carcass composition of low-and high-birth-weight calves are similar at the same carcass weight. At equivalent carcass weights, cattle grown slowly from birth to weaning have carcasses of similar or leaner composition than those grown rapidly. However, if high energy, concentrate feed is provided following severe growth restriction from birth to weaning, then at equivalent weights post-weaning the slowly-grown, small weaners may be fatter than their well-grown counterparts. Restricted prenatal and pre-weaning nutrition and growth do not adversely affect measures of beef quality. Similarly, bovine myofibre characteristics are little affected in the long term by growth in utero or from birth to weaning. Interactions were not evident between prenatal and pre-weaning growth for subsequent growth, efficiency, carcass, yield and beef-quality characteristics, within our pasture-based production systems. Furthermore, interactions between genotype and nutrition early in life, studied using offspring of Piedmontese and Wagyu sired cattle, were not evident for any growth, efficiency, carcass, yield and beef-quality parameters. We propose that within pasture-based production systems for beef cattle, the plasticity of the carcass tissues, particularly of muscle, allows animals that are growth-retarded early in life to attain normal composition at equivalent weights in the long term, albeit at older ages. However, the quality of nutrition during recovery from early life growth retardation may be important in determining the subsequent composition of young, light-weight cattle relative to their heavier counterparts. Finally, it should be emphasised that long-term consequences of more specific and/or acute environmental influences during specific stages of embryonic, foetal and neonatal calf development remain to be determined. This need for further research extends to consequences of nutrition and growth early in life for reproductive capacity.

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“…Ce phénomène peut être amplifié par une accélération de la vitesse de transit des aliments (Graham et Williams, 1962et Forbes, 1970 la brebis) entraînant parfois une réduction de la digestibilité, mise en évidence chez la vache (Flatt, Moe et Moore, 1969 ;Lamberth, 1969) (Blaxter,1944 ;Joubert,1954 ;Zimmerman et al,1959 ;Wiltbank et al,1962 ;Ridler, Broster et Foot,1963 ;Reid et al, 1964 ;Hight, 1966Hight, ,1968aTudor, 1972 (Bowden, 1974 ;Petit et Remond, 1977 (Mc Carrick et Crowley, 1968 ;Laster, 1974) (Joubert, 1954 ;Corah et al, 1975, 1 r e exp. Wiltbank, 1970 ;Corah et al, 1975) ou totale jusqu'au sevrage (Hight, 1966(Hight, et 1968aFalk et al,1975). Le phénomène serait accentué chez les veaux issus des jeunes vaches (Hight, 1968a (Zimmerman et al,1959 ;Hight, 1966Hight, et 1968a (Hight, 1968b).…”

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“…Wiltbank, 1970 ;Corah et al, 1975) ou totale jusqu'au sevrage (Hight, 1966(Hight, et 1968aFalk et al,1975). Le phénomène serait accentué chez les veaux issus des jeunes vaches (Hight, 1968a (Zimmerman et al,1959 ;Hight, 1966Hight, et 1968a (Hight, 1968b). On peut attribuer au moins en partie les faibles croissances post-natales de veaux naissant hypotrophiés à une insuffisance de la production laitière de leurs mères (Christenson et al,1967 ;Mc Carrick et Crowley, 1968 ;Bond et Wiltbank,1970 ;Corah et al,1975) (Joubert, 1954 ;Ridler et al, 1963 …”

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Effet du niveau d'alimentation à la fin de la gestation sur le poids à la naissance des veaux et leur devenir

Petit¹

1979

Ann. Biol. anim. Bioch. Biophys.

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Plane of nutrition effects in late pregnancy and during lactation on beef cows and their calves to weaning

Abstract: A study of the effects of relatively high and very low planes of nutrition in late pregnancy, together with high and low levels of feeding from calving to weaning, on the performance of hill-country beef cows and their calves, is described.

Cited by 33 publications

References 27 publications

Effect of feeding level and diet type on the performance of crossbred suckler cows and their calves

Effect of feeding level and diet type on the performance of crossbred suckler cows and their calves

Prenatal and pre-weaning growth and nutrition of cattle: long-term consequences for beef production

Effet du niveau d'alimentation à la fin de la gestation sur le poids à la naissance des veaux et leur devenir

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