Plane decline in European and Mediterranean countries: associated pests and their interactions

Anselmi, N.; Cardin, L.; Nicolott, G.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2338.1994.tb01058.x

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The molecular markers developed here were specific and did not amplify DNA of common airborne fungi, such as Alternaria sp., Cladosporium sp., or Epicoccum (43), which are found in urban areas and of other species hosted by plane trees, such as Microsphaera platani (44) and Sarchodontia pachyodon (45). Several methods have been used to collect airborne spores, but the identification of different fungal species has usually relied on use of traditional methods, such as microscopy or culture on artificial media (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Detection of Ceratocystis platani Inoculum by Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay

Luchi¹,

Ghelardini²,

Belbahri

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Ceratocystis platani is the causal agent of canker stain of plane trees, a lethal disease able to kill mature trees in one or two successive growing seasons. The pathogen is a quarantine organism and has a negative impact on anthropogenic and natural populations of plane trees. Contaminated sawdust produced during pruning and sanitation fellings can contribute to disease spread. The goal of this study was to design a rapid, real-time quantitative PCR assay to detect a C. platani airborne inoculum. Airborne inoculum traps (AITs) were placed in an urban setting in the city of Florence, Italy, where the disease was present. Primers and TaqMan minor groove binder (MGB) probes were designed to target cerato-platanin (CP) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) genes. The detection limits of the assay were 0.05 pg/l and 2 fg/l of fungal DNA for CP and ITS, respectively. Pathogen detection directly from AITs demonstrated specificity and high sensitivity for C. platani, detecting DNA concentrations as low as 1.2 ؋ 10 ؊2 to 1.4 ؋ 10 ؊2 pg/l, corresponding to ϳ10 conidia per ml. Airborne inoculum traps were able to detect the C. platani inoculum within 200 m of the closest symptomatic infected plane tree. The combination of airborne trapping and real-time quantitative PCR assay provides a rapid and sensitive method for the specific detection of a C. platani inoculum. This technique may be used to identify the period of highest risk of pathogen spread in a site, thus helping disease management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Detection of Ceratocystis platani Inoculum by Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay

Luchi¹,

Ghelardini²,

Belbahri

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Davidson f. sp. platani Walter, the Ascomycete responsible for canker stain disease (1). This disease is characterized by foliar wilting and spreading lesions that involve phloem, cambium, and extensive regions of sapwood (2,3).…”

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confidence: 99%

Purification, Characterization, and Amino Acid Sequence of Cerato-platanin, a New Phytotoxic Protein from Ceratocystis fimbriata f. sp. platani

Pazzagli¹,

Cappugi²,

Manao³

et al. 1999

Journal of Biological Chemistry

168

173

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A new phytotoxic protein (cerato-platanin) of about 12.4 kDa has been identified in culture filtrates of the Ascomycete Ceratocystis fimbriata f. sp. platani, the causal agent of canker stain disease. The toxicity of the pure protein was bioassayed by detecting the inducing necrosis in tobacco leaves. The pure protein also elicited host synthesis of fluorescent substances in tobacco and plane (Platanus acerifolia) leaves. We purified the protein from culture medium to homogeneity. Its complete amino acid sequence was determined; this protein consists of 120 amino acid residues, contains 4 cysteines (S-S-bridged), and has a high percentage of hydrophobic residues. The molecular weight calculated from the amino acid sequence agrees with that determined by mass spectrometry, suggesting that no post-transnational modification occurs. Searches performed by the BLAST program in data banks (Swiss-Prot, EBI, and GenBank) revealed that this protein is highly homologous with two proteins produced by other Ascomycete fungi. One, produced during infection of wheat leaves, is codified by the snodprot1 gene of Phaeosphaeria nodorum (the causal agent of glume blotch of wheat), whereas the other is the rAsp f13 allergen from Aspergillus fumigatus. Furthermore, the N terminus of cerato-platanin is homologous with that of cerato-ulmin, a phytotoxic protein belonging to the hydrophobin family and produced by Ophiostoma (Ceratocystis) ulmi, a fungus responsible for Dutch elm disease.The European plane tree (Platanus acerifolia) is an ornamental plant species of the urban environment. A great number of plane trees in the parks and towns of southern Europe have been destroyed by Ceratocystis fimbriata (Ell. and Halst.) Davidson f. sp. platani Walter, the Ascomycete responsible for canker stain disease (1). This disease is characterized by foliar wilting and spreading lesions that involve phloem, cambium, and extensive regions of sapwood (2, 3). The pathogen spreads from tree to tree by means of root grafts of closely spaced plants and, more frequently, through wounds caused by pruning (4).The American species Platanus occidentalis has been shown to contain a source of resistance to C. fimbriata f. sp. platani that could prove of great interest in the genetic improvement of the European plane (5). Known post-infection host defense mechanisms involve physical factors such as the occlusion of the xylematic vessels and the compartmentalization of infected tissue areas as well as the production of flavans, umbelliferone, and scopoletine phytoalexins (6 -9). Unfortunately, only resistant P. occidentalis clones, not yet acclimatized to Europe, localized the disease (7,8). Recent papers (10, 11) have shown that C. fimbriata f. sp. platani displays an array of phytotoxic metabolites possibly involved in determining some of the symptoms of canker stain.In the present paper we report on the purification procedure, the amino acid sequence, and the characterization of the biological activity of a new protein (named cerato-platanin) from the cul...

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“…The first European record originated from Italy (Padova, in 1964), and the species is currently documented in several Central and Southern European countries, namely Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Greece, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, and Turkey (Őszi et al 2005;Mutun 2009). According to Gninenko & Orlinskii (2004) it was found in southern Russia (Krasnodar) in 1997, and it was also very recently reported from China and Korea (Anselmi et al 1994;Chung et al 1996;Streito 2006;Izhevskii 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Systemic applications of azadirachtin in the control of Corythucha ciliata (Say, 1832)(Hemiptera, Tingidae), a pest of Platanus sp.

Pavela¹,

Zabka²,

Kalinkin³

et al. 2013

Plant Prot. Sci.

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AbstractsPavela R., Žabka M., Kalinkin V., Kotenev E., Gerus A., Shchenikova A., Chermenskaya T. (2013): Systemic applications of azadirachtin in the control of Corythucha ciliata (Say, 1832) (Hemiptera, Tingidae), a pest of Platanus sp. Plant Protect. Sci., 49: 27-33.In 2010 and 2011, the efficiency of azadirachtin, applied as systemic trunk injections in the trunks of Platanus sp., was tested against Corythucha ciliata. Azadirachtin in the doses of 0.1 and 0.05 g of active ingredient per cm of diameter at breast height was applied in April. It was found that after application of both doses, the count of C. ciliata in planetree leaves significantly decreased. In 2010 and 2011, the average counted number of C. ciliata individuals in trees treated with the dose 0.1 g a.i./cm of dbh was 12.9 and 4.9, respectively, and 29.1 and 6.5 individuals, respectively, in trees treated with the dose 0.05 g a.i./cm of dbh, in the control it was 152.3 and 105.8 individuals, respectively.

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Plane decline in European and Mediterranean countries: associated pests and their interactions

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Rapid Detection of Ceratocystis platani Inoculum by Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay

Rapid Detection of Ceratocystis platani Inoculum by Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay

Purification, Characterization, and Amino Acid Sequence of Cerato-platanin, a New Phytotoxic Protein from Ceratocystis fimbriata f. sp. platani

Systemic applications of azadirachtin in the control of Corythucha ciliata (Say, 1832)(Hemiptera, Tingidae), a pest of Platanus sp.

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