Planation surfaces in the Polish Carpatians: myth or reality?

Zuchiewicz, Witold

doi:10.7163/gpol.2011.s2.12

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The revealed early Late Miocene slow exhumation rate can be related to the initial planation surface formation of the modern relief (intramountain level) in the Western Carpathians (e.g. Mazúr 1965;Starkel 1969;Minár et al 2011;Zuchiewicz 2011). This period was replaced by accelerated uplift during the latest Late Miocene to Pleistocene (Fig.…”

Section: The Fourth Tectonic Stage (Ts-4; ~20-7 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cretaceous—Quaternary tectonic evolution of the Tatra Mts (Western Carpathians): constraints from structural, sedimentary, geomorphological, and fission track data

Králiková¹,

Vojtko²,

Sliva³

et al. 2014

Geologica Carpathica

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Abstract:The Tatra Mts area, located in the northernmost part of Central Western Carpathians on the border between Slovakia and Poland, underwent a complex Alpine tectonic evolution. This study integrates structural, sedimentary, and geomorphological data combined with fission track data from the Variscan granite rocks to discuss the Cretaceous to Quaternary tectonic and landscape evolution of the Tatra Mts. The presented data can be correlated with five principal tectonic stages (TS), including neotectonics. TS-1 (~95-80 Ma) is related to mid-Cretaceous nappe stacking when the Tatric Unit was overlain by Mesozoic sequences of the Fatric and Hronic Nappes. After nappe stacking the Tatric crystalline basement was exhumed (and cooled) in response to the Late Cretaceous/Paleogene orogenic collapse followed by orogen-parallel extension. This is supported by 70 to 60 Ma old zircon fission track ages. Extensional tectonics were replaced by transpression to transtension during the Late Paleocene to Eocene (TS-2; ~80-45 Ma). TS-3 (~45-20 Ma) is documented by thick Oligocene-lowermost Miocene sediments of the Central Carpathian Paleogene Basin which kept the underlying Tatric crystalline basement at elevated temperatures (ca. >120 °C and <200 °C). The TS-4 (~20-7 Ma) is linked to slow Miocene exhumation rate of the Tatric crystalline basement, as it is indicated by apatite fission track data of 9-12 Ma. The final shaping of the Tatra Mts has been linked to accelerated tectonic activity since the Pliocene (TS-5; ~7-0 Ma).

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Section: The Fourth Tectonic Stage (Ts-4; ~20-7 Ma)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cretaceous—Quaternary tectonic evolution of the Tatra Mts (Western Carpathians): constraints from structural, sedimentary, geomorphological, and fission track data

Králiková¹,

Vojtko²,

Sliva³

et al. 2014

Geologica Carpathica

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“…Its evolution is closely related to tectonics and lithology of the massif. Such results however, must be treated with caution, in accordance with the approach advocated in recent years by Starkel (1986Starkel ( , 1992 and Zuchiewicz (2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…This however, could be explained by subsequent tectonic deformations. In recent years, the view that planation was advanced in the Carpathian Mountains during these periods and that remains of the ancient planation surfaces could have been preserved, has come under close scrutiny and even outright questioning (see : Zuchiewicz 2011).…”

Section: Previous Research On the Long-term Geomorphological Developmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An example of this approach is large-scale research in the Polish Carpathian Mountains during the 1960s and 1970s (Starkel 1969, 1972, Baumgart-Kotarba 1974. Recently however, the view that remains of old planation surfaces can be found in the Carpathian Mountains has been put in doubt (Zuchiewicz 2011). Nevertheless, geomorphologists have continued to study clean-cut examples of large planation surfaces, especially those found on the foreland of high articulated slopes (cuesta slopes) and in areas of plate geology, in both cases involving sandstone rocks (Migoń 2008, Demek et al 2011, Kasprzak 2013, Łajczak 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relief Development of the Babia Góra Massif, Western Carpathian Mountains

Łajczak

2014

Quaestiones Geographicae

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The paper discusses structural considerations relating to landform development on Mt. Babia Góra (1,725 m a.s.l.), the highest massif in the flysch section of the Western Carpathian Mountains. The Babia Góra massif consists of folded Palaeogene-age sediments, including resistant Magura sandstone and less resistant sub-Magura layers, with numerous tectonic faults. The area has inverse-type geomorphology. The monoclinal ridge of the massif itself consists of the resistant Magura sandstone dipping southwards. Since the Miocene, the development of the massif's relief has involved a number of processes, including: tectonic uplifting, removal of a thick layer of rocks, exposure of sub-Magura layers over a large area, the staged development of valleys dissecting the pediments surrounding the ever higher ridge, and slope retreat due to deep landsliding. Axes of linear terrain forms, escarpments of landslide scars and of headwater areas follow two main intersecting fracture lines present within the massif. Large quantities of colluvial material are transported away from the massif along these lines. The development of the land relief has led to the elongation of slopes as local elevation differences increased. Landsliding has developed in an uphill direction, which means that the youngest relief is observed on the highest sections of steep slopes. The development of the massif's northern slope, which has formed a high and precipitous cuesta, began to accelerate only after a nearly complete exposure of the sub-Magura layers at its foot. Following this exposure the profile of the massif's N-S cross-section has begun to become asymmetrical. With time, the degree of general remodelling of the massif has tended to decrease. As a result, the geomorphological contrast between the northern and southern sides of the massif has become well established. The description of the probable development of the Babia Góra relief is based on the author's fieldwork, an analysis of geological maps and aerial photos, and on literature.key words: structural control of relief development, landslide morphology, cuesta slope, dip slope, Carpathian Mountains

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“…Remnants of these surfaces are considered as indicators of tectonics and denudation chronology; they were mapped throughout almost all the Western Carpathians (for overview see e.g. [18,19]). For a long time, simultaneous formation of a large initial planation surface in the Miocene followed by synchronous tectonic differentiation during the Late Miocene and Pliocene was assumed.…”

Section: Regional Settings and Geomorphic Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the geomorphic history of the Tribeč Mts. and the Pohronský Inovec Mts. (Western Carpathians) with the CHILD model

Staškovanová

Minár

2016

Open Geosciences

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Numerical models were developed in order to provide a suitable computational framework for exploring research questions related to long-term landscape evolution. We used the Channel-Hillslope Integrated Landscape Development (CHILD) model to prove three hypotheses concerning the processes contributing to the neotectonic landscape evolution of the Tribeč Mts. and the Pohronský Inovec Mts. (Western Carpathians): (1) simultaneous planation and uplift; (2) temporally and spatially varying uplift; (3) exhumation of a part of the area from below Neogene sediments. Given the size of the area, its lithological variability and the insufficient knowledge of the palaeogeographical settings, using a detachment-limited model to express river incision into bedrock as well as water (rill) erosion on hillslopes proved the best solution. Results of the simulations were compared with real topography through hypsographic curves and the distribution of remnants of planation surfaces. The real surface corresponds best to a combination of the hypotheses (2) and (3), with more intensive Quaternary tectonic uplift of the Pohronský Inovec Mts. and the adjacent Rázdiel part of the Tribeč Mts., and exhumation of a mature palaeosurface from below Miocene sediments in the east of the Tribeč Mts.

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Planation surfaces in the Polish Carpatians: myth or reality?

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

Cretaceous—Quaternary tectonic evolution of the Tatra Mts (Western Carpathians): constraints from structural, sedimentary, geomorphological, and fission track data

Cretaceous—Quaternary tectonic evolution of the Tatra Mts (Western Carpathians): constraints from structural, sedimentary, geomorphological, and fission track data

Relief Development of the Babia Góra Massif, Western Carpathian Mountains

Modelling the geomorphic history of the Tribeč Mts. and the Pohronský Inovec Mts. (Western Carpathians) with the CHILD model

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