Planar wide-angle-imaging camera enabled by metalens array

Ji, Chen; Ye, Xin; Gao, Shenglun; Chen, Yuxin; Zhao, Yunwei; Huang, Chunyu; Qiu, Kai; Zhu, Shining; Li, Tao

doi:10.1364/optica.446063

Cited by 60 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Overall, we believe that our demonstration provides a new technique for designing the multifunctional flat lens, and may find unique applications. [ 49 ] For example, one can study the interaction between structured light and structured materials in nanoscale. Using the presented flat lens, we can overcome depolarization effect of a tightly focused structured light, in order to achieve topology‐preserving light beams such as the vortex beam and vector beam in the nanoscale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Global Phase‐Modulation Mechanism for Flat‐Lens Design

Zhang

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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relies on optical path inside the refractive material. As a result, it usually tends to be bulky and heavy.In the past decade, planar-structured interface, named as metasurface, [1][2][3][4] emerged as a new and intriguing concept in optics, providing a platform to realize the flat lens (also named as metalens). [5] Contrary to bulky element, the metasurface refers to a 2D metamaterial element with typical thickness of about (or less than) one wavelength. It is comprised of an array of deep subwavelength scatters (antennas) and its working principle strongly relies on local interaction between light and the scatters. Therefore, the light-matter interaction in the subwavelength scale provides a local phase modulation approach for designing a functional metasurface. For example, one can design a metasurface to obtain a spherical wavefront, so that the incoming light can be focused to a diffraction-limit hotspot. [5] Since then, metalens has gained much attention and numerous kinds of lenses including the ultrahigh numerical aperture lens, [6][7][8][9] achromatic lens, [10][11][12][13] and the flat lens performed at the visible, [11,12] infrared [14,15] and terahertz [16] wavelengths have been recently demonstrated.However, the design of the metalens is still limited to the local phase-modulation mechanism, which relies on either the resonant or non-resonant effect (or both). The resonant effects of the nanoscatters such as the Mie resonance and the plasmonic resonance give rise to an abrupt phase change at the local position; [17][18][19][20] however, these effects are wavelengthdependent. The resultant metalens only works at an extremely narrow range of wavelength. The non-resonance approach is on the basis of either the geometric phase or the propagation phase (or both). While the geometric phase metalenses can extend the bandwidth of those resonance ones, [10][11][12] they depend on precise rotation of the antennas as well as polarization state of the incident beam. The propagation phase metalens, [7,13,14] however, requires an ultrahigh aspect ratio that leads to severe difficulties in fabrications. All these working principles mentioned above, needless to say, allow for important investigations in different fields of optics including spinorbit interactions, [21][22][23] light beam shaping, [24,25] high-resolution imaging, [7] holography, [26,27] optical cloaking, [28] etc. Regarding the flat lens, however, there are important problems as follows: First, owing to the deeply subwavelength feature size, the local

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Global Phase‐Modulation Mechanism for Flat‐Lens Design

Zhang

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…And they successfully realized high-quality imaging with a viewing angle as large as 120°, by a very compact meta device (Figure 4F). [121] 4 | META STRUCTURES DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION…”

Section: Metalensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(F) Metalens array-based wide-angle camera, which can realize high-quality imaging with a viewing angle as large as 120°. [121] F I G U R E 5 Metastructure simulation and optimization. (A) Schematic of a rectangular meta-atom capped by SU-8 polymer and the simulated phase maps plotted for transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations.…”

Section: Design Through Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metamaterials: From fundamental physics to intelligent design

Chen

Zhu

et al. 2022

Interdisciplinary Materials

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Metamaterials are artificial structures with the ability to efficiently control light‐field, attracting intensive attention in the past few decades. People have studied the working principles, design strategies, and fabrication methods of metamaterials, making this field cross and combine with many disciplines, including physics, material science, electronics, and chemistry. In recent years, with the rapid development of high‐efficiency and multifunctional metasurfaces, which are a two‐dimensional version of metamaterials, great efforts have been made to push this material to practical applications. In particular, the introduction of artificial intelligent (AI) algorithms enables metamaterials‐based photonic devices that exhibit excellent performances and intelligent functionalities. In this review, we first introduce the basic concepts, working principles, design methods, and applications of metamaterials, and then focus on the rapidly developing metamaterials research combined with AI algorithms. Finally, we conclude this review with personal perspectives on the current problems and future directions of metamaterials research and developments.

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“…Due to the presence of an extra aperture, imaging components are facing lower focusing efficiency (FE) and larger longitudinal dimensions. The multi-metalens array with larger profiles also can perform 120° FOV imaging with efficiency from 65 to 40% through 17 metalens combination with NA = 0.32 . The quadratic phase (QP) method − by transforming the rotational symmetry of the off-axis incident light to the translational symmetry could also expand the FOV to 170° with low efficiency from 3.5 to 0.5% at NA = 0.8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…34 imaging with efficiency from 65 to 40% through 17 metalens combination with NA = 0.32. 35 The quadratic phase (QP) method 36−39 by transforming the rotational symmetry of the off-axis incident light to the translational symmetry could also expand the FOV to 170°with low efficiency from 3.5 to 0.5% at NA = 0.8. 38 In imaging applications, the doublets configuration separated by the spacer and introducing multiple components would take up considerable space and go against the miniaturization of imaging devices.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband Wide Field-of-View Metalens by the Virtual-Diffraction-Aperture Method

Wang

Pang

et al. 2022

ACS Photonics

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Implementing a metalens with a wide field-of-view (FOV) is crucial for compact and practical imaging devices. To this end, a virtual-diffraction-aperture (VDA)-based synthesis method in combination with a numerical diffraction-field analyzer, dipolebased model expansion, is proposed to efficiently and effectively extend the FOV of a given metalens. By introducing a virtual diffraction aperture (VDA), the method transforms the complicated optimization regarding complex amplitude distribution on the metalens, to a rather straightforward one regarding the aperture contour. Moreover, as an optimization method, the VDA provides extra degrees of freedom to modulate not only spatial resolution but also the focusing efficiency (FE) crucial to another key property of an imaging system, that is, temperature sensitivity. To demonstrate this method, a proof-of-concept single wide FOV metalens prototype with a numerical aperture of 0.81 for passive millimeter wave imaging is synthesized and fabricated. It generates the expected wideband tight focusing beams over an angular FOV of at least 90°for a frequency range from 33 to 37 GHz while maintaining almost identical FE. The proposed VDA method may contribute to the evolution of the imaging equipment toward ultra-compact, large FOV, approaching a diffraction-limited resolution to meet diverse application demands.

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Planar wide-angle-imaging camera enabled by metalens array

Cited by 60 publications

References 36 publications

A Global Phase‐Modulation Mechanism for Flat‐Lens Design

A Global Phase‐Modulation Mechanism for Flat‐Lens Design

Metamaterials: From fundamental physics to intelligent design

Broadband Wide Field-of-View Metalens by the Virtual-Diffraction-Aperture Method

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